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(Copyright,  1908,  F.  B.  Conlin) 

MOST  REV.  WILLIAM  H.  o’cONNELL,  D.D.,  ARCHBISHOP  OF  BOSTON 


I 


CENTENARY 


OF  THE 

SEE  OE  BOSTON 


A Newspaper  Man’s  Compilation  of  the  Leading  Events 
OF  THE  One  Hundredth  Anniversary  of  the 
Diocese  of  Boston,  Oct.,  Nov.,  1908. 


BY 

william  F.  KENNEY  ' 


Includes  Sermons,  Addresses,  Letters,  Editorials,  the  Holy  Name  Parade 
and  the  Catholic  Bazaar.  With  Dedication 
and  Introduction. 

SEVENTY-FIVE  ILLUSTRATIONS. 


boston  cottifeE  library 

CHESTNUT  HILL,  MASS. 

THE  J.  K.  WATERS  COMPANY 
Publishers 
BOSTON,  MASS. 


Copyright,  1909 
by 

William  F.  Kenney 


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Leading  Events  of 
Archbishop  O’Connell’s  Life 


Most  Rev.  William  H.  O’Connell,  Archbishop  of  Boston, 
was  born  in  Lowell,  Mass.,  Dec.  8,  1859.  He  was  gradu- 
ated from  Boston  College  and  then  entered  the  new  Ameri- 
can College  at  Rome,  in  1881.  On  June  8,  1881,  he  was  or- 
dained a priest  in  the  Italian  city.  While  a curate  at  St. 
Joseph’s  Church,  West  End,  Boston,  he  was  appointed  rec- 
tor of  the  American  College  at  Rome  on  Nov.  21,  1895,  and 
on  June  9,  1897  , was  appointed  domestic  prelate.  Nearly 
four  years  later,  on  April  22,  1901,  he  was  appointed 
Bishop  of  Portland,  Me.  On  May  19  of  that  year  he  was 
consecrated  at  the  church  of  St.  John  the  Lateran,  Rome. 
He  was  installed  Bishop  of  Portland  on  Independence  Day 
of  the  same  year.  In  January,  1905,  he  w^as  named  assist- 
ant at  the  pontifical  throne  and  in  August  of  the  same  year 
was  appointed  papal  envoy  to  the  Emperor  of  Japan.  He 
was  given  the  honor  by  the  Emperor  of  the  Grand  Cor- 
don of  the  Sacred  Treasure  in  December  of  that  year. 
Early  in  March,  1906,  he  was  appointed  Archbishop  of 
Constance  and  Coadjutor  Archbishop  of  Boston  with  the 
right  to  succession.  On  the  death  of  Archbishop  Williams, 
in  August,  1906,  he  became  Archbishop  of  Boston.  He 
w'as  invested  with  the  pallium  on  Jan.  29,  1908. 


6 


ARCHBISHOP’S  HOUSE 

GRANBY  STREET 
BOSTON 


February,  12,  1909. 

Mr.  William  F.  Kenney, 

Boston,  Mass. 

Dear  Sir: 

I have  received  your  letter  from  which  I learn 
with  pleasure  of  the  plan  to  gather  into  book  form  the 
full  account,  as  told  in  the  press,  of  the  Centennial 
Celebration  of  the  See  of  Boston.  I am  sure  such  a 
plan  properly  carried  out  will  prove  a matter  of  great 
interest  to  all  the  Catholics  in  this  Diocese,  and  will 
serve  as  an  interesting  document  of  that  memorable 
occasion. 

I wish  you  every  success. 


Sincerely  yours. 


6 


TO  THE 

DISTINGUISHED  CHURCHMAN 

MOST  REV.  WM.  H.  O’CONNELL,  D.  D. 

THE  SPIRITUAL  RULER  AT  THE  BEGINNING 
OF  THE  TWENTIETH  CENTURY  OF  NEARLY 
A MILLION  PEOPLE— A LEADER,  WISE, 
SYMPATHETIC,  FIRM  — WHOSE  IN- 
FLUENCE SPREADS  AMONG 
MEN  OF  ALL  CREEDS 
THIS  HUMBLE  WORK 
IS  DEDICATED 


HIS  HOLINESS  POPE  PIUS  X 


Contents 


PAGE 

Introduction  . - . . 15 

Archbishop  O’Connell’s  Letter  to  the  Clergy  .....  23 

Ceremonies  of  Centennial  Week  .......  26 

Message  of  Pope  Pius  X.  . . 30 

President  Roosevelt’s  Letter 32 

Governor  Guild’s  Letter *33 

The  Cathedral  a Scene  of  Splendor -34 

Centenary  Sermon  by  Archbishop  O’Connell 39 

Symphony  Hall  Meeting  .........  58 

Governor  Guild’s  Address  ........  62 

Marquis  Bouthillier’s  Address  . 66 

Judge  DeCourcy’s  Address . 73 

H.  V.  Cunningham’s  Address  86 

Judge  Murray’s  Address 92 

Prof.  Thomas  Dwight’s  Address  . . . . . .102 

High  Mass  for  Children  . -113 

Sermon  on  Christian  Education  by  Rev.  G.  A.  Lyons  . . • 117 

Recital  of  Church  Music  127 

Pontifical  Mass  to  Commemorate  the  Dead 129 

Sermon  on  Religious  Orders  by  Rev.  J.  H.  O’Rourke  . . -131 

Te  Deum  in  the  Cathedral  ........  136A 

Holy  Name  Parade  witnessed  by  275,000  people  . . . -137 

Holy  Name  Parade,  39,000  in  line  . . . . . . -144 

Roster  of  Parade 153 

Catholic  Charities  Bazaar  . . . . . . . . -174 

Poem  by  Katherine  E.  Conway  . . . . . . . .180 

Personal  Sketch  of  Archbishop  O’Connell  . . . . . i8i 

Foundation  of  the  Diocese  of  Boston  . . . . . .189 

When  Parishes  were  Founded  ........  200 

Chronology  ...........  206 

Seven  Dioceses  Outside  of  Boston . 208 

The  Boston  Pilot,  purchased  by  Archbishop  .....  225 

St.  Augustine’s  Chapel  .........  227 

Editorial  Comment  ..........  229 

Greetings  from  Non-Catholics . .250 

Poem  by  Rev.  A.  D.  Malley 254 

Alphabetical  Index 257 


9 


Illustrations 


OPPOSITE 

PAGE 

Most  Rev.  Wm.  H.  O’Connell,  D.  D.,  Archbishop  of  Boston  Frontispiece 
Archbishop  O’Connell’s  Coat  of  Arms  . . . Opposite  copyright 

His  Holiness  Pope  Pius  X.  . . . Following  dedication  page 

His  Eminence  James  Cardinal  Gibbons  . . . . . .12 

Most  Rev.  Diomede  Falconio,  Apostolic  Delegate  ....  16 

Rt.  Rev.  John  Brady,  D.  D.  . . . . . . . -24 

Governor  Curtis  Guild,  Jr.  28 

Rt.  Rev.  John  Cheverus,  First  Bishop  of  Boston  ....  32 

Rt.  Rev.  Benedict  Fenwick,  D.D.  40 

Rt.  Rev.  J.  B.  Fitzpatrick,  D.  D. 48 

The  Late  Most  Rev.  John  J.  Williams,  D.  D.  . . . . -56 

Marquis  Bouthillier  de  Chavigny . 64 

Honorable  Charles  A.  De  Courcy 64 

Henry  V.  Cunningham  .........  64 

Judge  Michael  J.  Murray  . . . . . . . . *72 

Prof.  Thomas  Dwight,  M.  D.  . 72 

The  Cathedral  Sanctuary 80 

Archbishop  O’Connell  in  full  Pontifical  Robes  followed  by  Cardinal 

Gibbons  . 88 

Nearer  View  of  Archbishop  O’Connell  in  his  Pontifical  Robes  . 88 

Archbishop  Falconio  and  his  Chaplains  Fathers  Millerick  and 

Moriarty  ...........  96 

The  Oriental  Bishop  and  Priests  . . . . . . .104 

Cardinal  Gibbons  on  his  way  to  Cathedral  preceded  by  his  chaplains 

Mgrs.  Magennis  and  Teeling  . . . . . . .112 

Chief  Marshal  Leonard  and  Staff 120 


11 


ILLUSTRATIONS 


OPPOSITE 

PAGE 


I 2 

Chief  Marshal  Leonard  and  Heads  of  Divisions,  II.  N.  S.  Parade  . 120 

Captain  George  J.  Lovett  . . . . . . . .120 

Peter  P'.  Hanley  , . . . . . . . . .120 

Joseph  A.  Sheehan  . . . . . . . . .120 

Ur.  Robert  N.  Daley  . . . . . . . . .120 

Patrick  F.  Carley  . . . . . . . . .120 

Hugh  J.  Molloy  . . . . . . . . . .120 

Colonel  E.  J.  Gihon  . . . . . . . . .120 

W.  G.  Clifford 120 

W.illiam  J.  Doherty  . . . . . . . . .120 

Major  D.  J.  Murphy  . . . . . . . . .120 

J.  E.  Farrell  . . . . . . . . . .120 

John  J.  Breen  . . , . . . . . . .120 

J.  J.  Lemmon  ..........  120 

Dr.  John  P\  O’Brien  . . . . . . . . .120 

Cardinal  Gibbons  and  Archbishop  O’Connell  watching  the  Parade  128 
Another  View  of  the  Reviewing  Stand  during  Holy  Name  Parade  . 128 

Holy  Name  Company  passing  Reviewing  Stand  ....  136 

Night-workers  Chapel  in  the  H.  N.  S.  Parade  . . . . *136 

Mayor,  Archbishop  and  Cardinal  Reviewing  Parade  . . . 136B 

General  View  of  Holy  Name  Society  Parade  . . . . .144 

Vicar  General  George  J.  Patterson  . . . . . . *152 

Vicar  General  Joseph  G.  Anderson  . . . . . . .160 

Executive  Committee  in  charge  of  Charities  Bazaar  . . .168 

Rev.  Joseph  G.  Anderson  . . . . . . . .168 

James  A.  McMurray  . . . . . . . . .168 

William  F.  Kenney  . . .168 

P'rancis  A.  Campbell  . . . . . . . . .168 

Thomas  P".  Harrington,  M.  D.  . . . . . . . 168 

John  P.  Manning  .........  168 

Daniel  L.  Prendergast  . . . . . . . .168 

Charles  Logue  . . . . . . . . . .168 

James  J.  Nolan 168 

Rev.  John  PL  O’Rourke  . . . . , . . . .172 

Rev.  George  A.  Lyons 172 


Copyright  1909,  Bachrach  & Co. 


HIS  EMINENCE  JAMES  CARDINAL  GIBBONS,  ARCHBISHOP  OE  BALTIMORE 


ILLUSTRATIONS 


13 


OPPOSITE 

PAGE 


Cardinal  and  Archbishop  in  the  Parlor  of  Cathedral  Rectory  . .176 

Archbishop  O’Connell’s  House,  Centennial  week  . . . .176 

Rev.  Francis  Anthony  Matignon  . . . . . . .184 

The  Old  Franklin  Street  Cathedral  . . , . . . .192 

St.  Patrick’s  Church,  Northampton  Street  .....  200 

Interior  of  St.  Patrick’s  Church,  Northampton  Street  . . . 200 

Rt.  Rev.  Matthew'  Harkins,  D.  D.  . . . . . . . 208 

Rt.  Rev.  Thomas  D.  Beaven,  D.  D.  . . . . . . .212 

Rt.  Rev.  Louis  S.  Walsh,  D.  D.  ’ . . . . . . .216 

Rt.  Rev.  George  A.  Guertin,  D.  D.  . . . . . . .218 

The  Late  Rt.  Rev.  John  S.  Michaud,  D.  D.  . . . . . 220 

Rt.  Rev.  Daniel  F.  Feehan,  D.  D.  . . . . . . . 222 

Souvenir  Medal  worn  during  the  Celebration  .....  224 

Souvenir  Medallion  designed  by  A.  P.  Nardini  ....  224 

Facsimile  of  autograph  letter  of  Bishop  Cheverus  ....  232 

Facsimile  of  autograph  letter  of  Bishop  Fenwick  ....  240 

Facsimile  of  autograph  letter  of  Bishop  Fitzpatrick  . . . 248 

Facsimile  of  Cardinal  Gibbons’  letter  ......  256 


Introduction 


The  celebration  of  the  centenary  of  the  Catholic  church  in 
New  England  has  passed  into  history.  The  memories  of  that 
notable  week  in  Boston  linger  sweetly  in  the  minds  of  those 
whose  good  fortune  it  was  to  hear  the  words  of  Faith  and 
eloquence  spoken  in  the  Cathedral  and  in  Symphony  Hall  and 
see  the  marching  hosts  of  thousands  of  the  Catholic  men 
of  the  diocese  in  that  greatest  of  street  processions  ever  held 
in  Boston  — the  Holy  Name  parade. 

Carefully  planned  even  to  the  minutest  detail,  the  program 
of  that  week  was  carried  out  with  exact  precision  and  perfect 
good  taste.  One  recalls  the  magnificent  splendor  of  that 
never-to-be-forgotten  scene  in  the  Cathedral  of  the  Holy  Cross. 
The  holy  sacrifice  of  the  mass  was  attended  by  the  represen- 
tative of  Pope  Pius  X.,  the  highest  dignitaries  of  the  church 
in  this  country,  the  governor  of  the  commonwealth,  and  the 
mayor  of  the  city. 

The  Cathedral  was  packed  to  the  doors  by  the  faithful  of 
the  diocese,  and  the  streets  and  sidewalks  were  lined  by 
thousands  unable  to  gain  admission,  who  were  content  to 
watch  that  inspiring  procession  of  bishops  and  priests, 
clothed  in  the  purple  and  the  white  of  their  dignified  offices, 
enter  the  sacred  doors  over  which  hung  the  stars  and  stripes. 

And  the  scene  inside  ! Will  it  ever  pass  from  memory 
God  grant  that  it  may  not.  The  Cathedral  interior  never  be- 
fore looked  as  it  did  on  that  day,  with  its  myriads  of  lights 


16 


INTRODUCTION 


1 6 

and  the  classic  beauty  of  its  architecture,  enhanced  by  the 
gorgeous  display  of  papal  colors,  and  the  purple  and  gold  of 
the  princes  of  the  church. 

The  ceremonial  of  the  investiture  of  the  Papal  Delegate 
and  the  Archbishop  of  Boston  attracted  the  attention,  and 
the  superb  music  of  the  mass,  rendered  according  to  the 
latest  decrees  of  the  church,  harmonized  beautifully  with  the 
ritual  of  the  altar. 

And  the  sermon  by  Archbishop  O’Connell.  History  was 
made  that  day  in  the  pulpit  of  the  Cathedral,  and  through  the 
years  to  come  men  will  refer  to  that  hour,  and  to  those  words, 
and  as  they  read  that  sermon,  the  most  significant  uttered  in 
New  England  during  the  year  of  1908,  they  will  thank  God  for 
having  sent  to  the  diocese  of  Boston  on  the  completion  of  its 
one  hundred  years  of  activity  to  preside  over  its  religious 
work  one  who  so  fittingly  represents  the  thought,  the  life, 
the  progress  of  the  times.  “ In  the  Beginning  ” was  the  title 
of  the  discourse,  and  who  can  read  it  without  feeling  a tremor 
of  delight,  and  an  impulse  to  commence  at  once  to  live  a 
better  life ! It  marked  the  end  of  one  century,  a century  in 
which  the  Catholics  of  New  England  fought,  suffered  and 
died  for  their  faith  ; it  marked  the  beginning  of  a new  cen- 
tury— an  era  of  hope,  and  the  blotting  out  of  persecution  and 
proscription,  the  coming  of  brotherly  love  and  religious 
tolerance,  and  the  awakening  of  Massachusetts  to  take  a 
better  and  prouder  position  in  the  sisterhood  of  states  as  a 
state  where  a man’s  religion  is  no  barrier  to  his  advancement. 

Archbishop  O’Connell  was  the  man  of  the  hour  and  the 
key-note  he  struck  in  that  wonderful  address  found  instant 


(Copyright,  Gutekunst,  Phila.) 

HIS  EXCELLENCY  MOST  REV.  DIOMEDE  FALCONIO,  APOSTOLIC  DELEGATE. 


INTRODUCTION 


17 


response  in  the  community  from  all  shades  of  religious  belief. 
He  praised  the  Puritan  for  his  sterling  qualities  and  blamed 
him  for  his  hostility  to  the  Catholics.  He  preached  forgive- 
ness and  forbearance,  tolerance  and  love.  Altogether  it  was 
the  watchword  of  our  times.  It  will  live  for  all  time. 

And  the  Symphony  hall  meeting  that  same  evening,  when 
again  the  governor  and  the  mayor  joined  with  the  hierarchy, 
priests  and  people,  to  commemorate  the  names  that  Catholic 
Boston  holds  dear  — Cheverus,  Fenwick,  Fitzpatrick  and 
Williams  — the  four  great  bishops  who  presided  in  turn  over 
the  diocese  during  the  first  hundred  years  of  its  existence. 
Archbishop  Falconio  the  delegate  of  Pope  Pius  X.  was  there, 
the  American  hierarchy  was  represented  by  several  arch- 
bishops, the  suffragan  bishops  of  New  England  were  on  the 
platform,  the  priests  occupied  chairs  there,  and  the  vast 
auditorium  was  filled  with  interested  people  representing  all 
activities  in  the  community  — every  one  there  to  do  honor  to 
the  memory  of  four  glorious  types  of  Catholic  bishops. 

The  Symphony  hall  function  was  really  the  laymen’s  night. 
The  story  of  the  lives  of  Cheverus,  Fenwick,  Fitzpatrick 
and  Williams  was  told  by  laymen : Marquis  Bouthillier  de 
Chavigny  in  his  native  tongue,  who  dwelt  sweetly  on  the  saintly 
Cheverus,  and  Judge  Murray,  Judge  De  Courcy,  Mr.  Henry 
V.  Cunningham  and  Prof.  Dwight,  all  distinguished  Catholics 
of  the  arch-diocese,  who  spoke  entertainingly  and  at  length 
of  the  four  great  pastors  of  New  England  who  have  passed 
beyond. 

Governor  Curtis  Guild,  Jr.,  made  one  of  the  most  memorable 
addresses  of  his  career  at  this  meeting.  As  a distinguished 


i8 


INTRODUCTION 


representative  of  the  broad-minded,  tolerant,  liberal  Protest- 
ant sentiment  of  Massachusetts,  and  that  is  the  predominant 
sentiment  in  this  state  today.  Governor  Guild  received  an 
ovation  the  like  of  which  has  never  been  accorded  to  a chief 
magistrate  of  the  commonwealth  by  any  audience  ever 
assembled  in  a public  hall. 

When  he  arose  to  speak  it  was  fully  two  minutes  before  he 
could  begin,  so  cordial  was  the  demonstration  of  welcome, 
and  when  he  left  the  stage  later  on,  being  obliged  to  depart 
early,  every  person  in  the  hall  rose  in  his  seat  and  cheered 
again  and  again.  The  governor  stood  in  the  doorway  of  the 
Symphony  hall  stage  bowing  and  bowing  his  thanks.  It  was 
a remarkable  demonstration  never  to  be  forgotten  by  those 
whose  great  privilege  it  was  to  be  present. 

Mayor  George  A.  Hibbard  expressed  the  felicitations  of  the 
city  briefly,  and  also  received  a splendid  reception  by  the 
audience.  The  papal  blessing  was  bestowed  by  Archbishop 
Falconio,  and  Archbishop  O’Connell  brought  the  great  meet- 
ing to  a close  by  a few  words  of  exhortation  and  advice. 

This  auspicious  opening  of  the  centenary  celebration  was 
followed  day  by  day  with  appropriate  exercises  in  the  Cathe- 
dral, and  the  closing  feature  of  that  week  came  on  Sunday 
November  i,  when  39,000  members  of  one  Catholic  body — 
the  Holy  Name  Society — paraded  through  the  streets  of 
Boston.  Just  think  of  it  ! Thirty-nine  thousand  men,  unac- 
customed to  walking  in  military  style,  with  only  a few  weeks 
preparation  for  keeping  step  in  line,  marched  that  day  as  a 
unit,  and  evoked  the  enthusiasm  of  more  than  300,000  specta- 
tors who  lined  the  streets  and  sidewalks  and  occupied  the 
windows  of  the  residences  along  the  route. 


INTRODUCTION 


19 


Boston  never  saw  its  like  before.  There  were  no  glittering 
uniforms  on  the  marchers.  They  walked  to  show  their  faith 
in  their  church,  their  loyalty  to  their  chosen  head,  the  Arch- 
bishop of  Boston  and  their  fealty  to  their  country,  with  the 
flag  of  the  United  States  at  the  head  of  every  company,  stand- 
ing out  straight  in  the  freshening  breeze,  and  the  Holy  Name 
banner  beside  it,  bearing  the  cross  of  Christ.  His  Eminence, 
Cardinal  Gibbons,  came  over  from  Baltimore  to  witness  the 
historic  scene,  and  with  Archbishop  O’Connell  and  Mayor 
Hibbard,  reviewed  the  great  procession  from  a canopied  stand 
at  the  archbishop’s  residence.  For  hours  those  loyal  sons  of 
the  Catholic  church,  from  the  youth  of  20  to  the  octogenarian, 
walked  proudly  by  the  archbishop  and  with  bared  heads  and 
eyes  turned  to  meet  his,  publicly  expressed  their  undying 
Catholic  faith  and  their  steadfast  devotion  to  the  spiritual 
ruler  of  the  Boston  archdiocese. 

The  space  given  to  the  centenary  by  the  Boston  daily  and 
Sunday  papers  indicated  the  importance  attached  to  the 
celebration. 

The  entire  community  realized  the  historic  signiflcance  of 
the  event,  and  people  of  all  denominations  joined  in  extending 
to  their  Catholic  fellow  citizens  felicitations  on  the  one- 
hundredth  birthday  of  the  diocese.  The  spirit  of  brotherly 
love  shown  by  the  citizens  of  Boston  regardless  of  creed, 
indicated  the  liberality  and  broadmindedness  of  the  com- 
munity, and  Catholics  will  not  cease  to  forget  the  friendly 
demonstrations  of  good-will  displayed  by  their  Protestant 
neighbors  at  this  glorious  anniversary.  It  is  a good  sign, 
and  may  the  next  hundred  years  see  all  denominations 
working  together  for  the  glory  of  God  and  civic  righteousness! 


20 


INTRODUCTION 


The  Boston  Sunday  Globe  of  October  25  issued  a 'carefully 
prepared  magazine  supplement  containing  a mine  of  informa- 
tion on  the  history  of  the  Catholic  Church  in  Boston  and  New 
England  the  past  one-hundred  years.  The  first  page  was 
beautifully  designed,  with  portraits  of  Archbishop  O’Connell 
and  the  four  prelates  who  preceded  him,  a poem  specially 
written  by  Katherine  E.  Conway,  and  drawings  illustrative  of 
the  insignia  of  the  Church,  and  including  the  coat-of-arms 
of  Archbishop  O’Connell.  The  second  page  contained  his- 
torical articles  on  the  foundation  of  the  diocese  of  Boston, 
the  growth  of  Catholicity,  and  the  patriotism  of  the  Catholics 
during  the  Civil  War.  The  third  page  was  devoted  to  the 
Symphony  Hall  meeting,  George  Washington’s  response  to  a 
congratulatory  address  signed  by  Bishop  Carroll,  Archbishop 
O’Connell’s  letter  to  the  clergy  calling  attention  to  the  cen- 
tenary, the  centennial  program  and  an  advance  story  on 
the  Holy  Name  parade. 

The  fourth  and  fifth  pages  were  a remarkable  triumph  of 
modern  journalism,  containing  the  portraits  of  two  hundred 
and  seven  pastors  of  churches  in  the  Boston  diocese  and  out 
of  a total  of  about  two  hundred  and  twenty-five.  There  was 
also  a list  giving  the  names  of  the  parishes  of  the  archdiocese, 
the  towns  and  cities  where  located,  the  names  of  the  first 
pastors  and  the  dates  of  founding.  The  sixth  page  was  given 
to  the  Bazaar  of  Nations  in  aid  of  the  Catholic  Charities. 
The  seventh  page  contained  a complete  history  of  the  seven 
dioceses  in  New  England  outside  of  Boston,  while  the  last  page 
was  devoted  to  the  growth  of  Catholic  education  in  the  arch- 
diocese and  a reproduction  of  the  quartet  from  “ Prae  Clara 
Custos  Virginum,”  the  hymn  composed  by  Most.  Rev.  W.  H. 


INTRODUCTION 


2 I 

O’Connell,  D.  D.,  while  rector  of  the  American  College  at 
Rome. 

The  compiler  of  this  volume  is  indebted  to  the  Globe  for 
much  of  the  information  collated  in  these  pages,  and  hereby 
acknowledges  his  thanks  to  the  editor,  Gen.  Chas.  H.  Taylor 
for  the  use  of  the  valuable  material  which  his  paper  printed 
from  day  to  day  during  the  centennial. 

Among  the  most  cherished  memories  of  the  centenary  are 
the  kindly,  sympathetic,  gracious  utterances  of  the  Boston 
press  through  the  editorial  columns,  and  which  are  reprinted  in 
this  book.  The  magnanimous,  generous  spirit  of  Boston  and 
Massachusetts  found  expression  in  the  lofty  tone  of  the  daily 
press,  every  paper  without  exception  giving  particular  atten- 
tion to  the  celebration,  both  before  it  took  place  and  dur- 
ing the  succeeding  days  of  the  various  exercises. 

To  all  who  assisted  even  in  the  slightest  way  in  the  pre- 
paration of  this  record  of  the  centenary,  I express  my  lasting 
gratitude.  To  my  friends,  Otto  Fleischner  of  the  Boston 
Public  Library,  and  Frank  J.  Flynn  and  John  W.  Butters  of 
the  Boston  Globe,  I offer  sincere  thanks  for  their  valuable 
aid,  and  may  the  gentle  reader  excuse  any  inaccuracy  he 
finds  in  these  pages,  for  mistakes  frequently  occur  in  books 
even  after  the  most  careful  supervision  and  proof-reading. 
The  most  difficult  task  in  connection  with  the  preparation  of 
this  volume  was  to  get  a complete  roster  of  the  Holy  Name 
parade.  It  was  almost  impossible  to  do  this.  As  presented 
it  is  fairly  accurate  but  not  quite  as  complete  as  I would 
wish  to  see  it  for  historical  purposes. 


W.  F.  K. 


Archbishop  O’Connell’s  Letter  on  the 
Centennial  Celebration 


To  THE  Clergy  of  the  Archdiocese. 


The  official  letter  of  Archbishop  Wm.  H.  O’Connell  to 
the  clergy  of  the  archdiocese  of  Boston,  in  which  he  calls 
their  attention  to  the  scope  and  meaning  of  the  centennial 
celebration,  is  as  follows : — 

Reverend  Dear  Father: 

The  centenary  of  the  foundation  of  the  diocese  of  Bos- 
ton will  be  celebrated  on  Wednesday,  Thursday,  Friday, 
Saturday  and  Sunday,  the  28th,  29th,  30th  and  31st  of 
October  and  the  1st  of  November. 

The  object  of  this  celebration  of  the  100th  anniversary 
of  the  diocese  is  to  be  spiritual  rather  than  a display  of 
our  mere  material  growth  during  the  past  century.  It  is 
to  be  an  occasion  for  the  reawakening  and  a rejuvenating 
of  the  faith  of  the  people  of  Boston ; an  opportunity  to 
thank  God  for  the  bountiful  gifts  he  has  bestowed  on 
priests  and  people  of  this  diocese  during  the  first  100  years 
of  its  existence,  and  to  beg  of  Him  to  continue  to  guide  us 
in  the  accomplishment  of  His  divine  will. 

To  attain  this  spiritual  end  of  the  celebration  the  holy 
sacrifice  of  the  mass  will  be  offered  up  each  day  of  the 
period  of  the  celebration  for  a special  intention.  First 
day,  in  thanksgiving  for  the  blessings  God  has  granted  us 
during  these  first  100  years  of  Boston’s  existence  as  a dio- 
cese, and  to  give  glory  to  Him  who,  by  His  grace,  has 

23 


24  CENTENARY  OE  THE  SEE  OE  BOSTON 


accomplished  such  great  things  among  us.  Second  day,  to 
beg  God’s  blessing  on  the  children,  the  men  and  women  of 
the  coming  generation.  Third  day,  to  obtain  eternal  re- 
pose for  the  souls  of  Boston’s  bishops,  priests  and  people, 
who  have  labored  and  died  here  during  the  past  100  years. 
Fourth  day,  to  ask  God’s  blessing  on  all  the  holy  men  and 
women  of  the  religious  orders  working  in  the  diocese  and 
for  the  repose  of  the  souls  of  those  who  have  worked  so 
arduously  for  God’s  glory  during  the  early  days  of  the 
Catholic  community  in  Boston.  Fifth  day,  to  implore  the 
blessings  and  paternal  guidance  of  God  on  the  faithful  of 
the  diocese  and  His  grace  that  the  zeal  of  the  lay  aposto- 
late  be  increased  and  crowned  with  beneficent  results. 

In  the  second  place  the  spiritual  object  of  this  celebra- 
tion will  be  attained  by  a general  communion  of  all  the 
faithful  of  the  diocese  on  the  last  day  of  the  celebration, 
Sunday,  Nov.  1st. 

There  will  be  a procession  of  all  the  men  of  the  Holy 
Name  Societies  of  the  diocese  on  the  last  day  of  the  cele- 
bration, Sunday,  Nov.  1st,  at  an  hour  and  by  a route  that 
will  be  arranged  later.  By  this  means  the  laity  will  have 
occasion  to  realize  their  numerical  power  for  good  and  to 
make  an  active  profession  of  their  faith. 

In  preparation  for  this  celebration  of  the  centenary  of 
the  diocese  of  Boston  along  these  lines  I request  your  ear- 
nest co-operation  in  your  own  parish.  First,  by  sermons 
on  topics  that  may  occur  to  you  during  the  period  that 
intervenes  between  now  and  the  time  set  apart  for  the  cele- 
bration which  may  serve  to  promote  the  real  object  of  the 
commemoration.  Second,  by  asking  your  people  to  dec- 
orate their  dwellings  and  places  of  business  with  bunting 
and  religious  emblems,  especially  the  cross,  during  the 
week  of  the  celebration.  By  complying  with  your  wishes 
in  this  matter  your  people  will  aid  us  in  accomplishing  the 


RT.  REV.  JOHN  KRADY,  D.D.,  AUXILIARY  BISHOP  OF  BOSTON 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  25 


spiritual  end  of  the  celebration,  besides  testifying  publicly 
to  their  loyalty  to  their  faith  and  to  the  church. 

An  official  badge  is  being  made  for  this  centennial  cele- 
bration. I wish  you  to  urge  upon  your  people  the  fitness 
of  the  wearing  of  this  badge  by  all — men,  women  and 
children.  These  badges  will  be  ready  and  delivered  to  you 
in  due  time. 

We  rely  upon  your  zeal  to  make  this  centennial  cele- 
bration worthy  of  the  diocese.  The  “Oratio  Imperata” 
during  the  centennial  celebration  will  be  “Pro  Gratiarum 
Actione.” 

Enclosed  you  will  find  a program  of  the  events  of  the 
celebration.  Very  sincerely,  yours  in  Christ, 

W.  H.  O’CONNELL, 

. Archbishop  of  Boston. 


Ceremonies  of  Centennial  Week 


Services  for  Five  Days  in  the  Cathedral. 
Cardinal  Gibbons  and  Papal  Delegate  will  Attend. 

ADVANCE  PROGRAM. 

Brilliant  ceremonies  bringing  out  the  most  technical  of 
the  ritual  of  the  Catholic  Church,  will  mark  the  observance 
of  the  centennial  celebration.  The  services  will  begin  Wed- 
nesday, Oct.  28,  and  continue  on  each  succeeding  day 
until  Sunday,  Nov.  1.  All  of  the  ceremonies  will  take  place 
in  the  Cathedral  of  the  Holy  Cross. 

There  will  be  more  than  a score  of  prelates  from  all  parts 
of  the  United  States  in  attendance  at  the  various  services, 
it  is  expected,  and  among  them  will  be  the  papal  delegate, 
who  will  officiate  on  Wednesday  morning,  while  on  Sunday 
Cardinal  Gibbons  will  be  present. 

The  first  service  is  scheduled  to  begin  at  10.30  Wednes- 
day morning,  but  it  is  the  request  of  the  master  of  ceremo- 
nies that  the  people  and  priests  be  in  their  seats  at  ten 
o’clock.  From  ten  until  10.30  o’clock  there  will  be  an 
organ  recital  by  James  T.  Whelan,  the  cathedral  organist. 
Preceding  the  ceremony  there  will  be  a solemn  procession 
of  the  prelates  who  are  to  participate. 

His  Excellency  Most  Rev.  Diomede  Falconio,  the  Papal 
Delegate  from  Washington,  will  officiate  at  the  solemn  pon- 
tifical mass,  which  will  be  in  thanksgiving  for  the  graces 
bestowed  on  the  diocese  in  the  past  one  hundred  years. 

Very  Rev.  George  J.  Patterson,  the  Vicar-General  of  the 
archdiocese,  will  be  the  assistant  priest,  and  the  deacons  of 
honor  will  be  Rev.  Fr.  J.  E.  Millerick  of  St.  Joseph’s 
church.  West  End,  and  Rev.  Fr.  Edward  J.  Moriarty  of  St. 

26 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  27 


Peter’s  church,  Cambridge,  diocesan  consultors.  The  dea- 
con and  sub-deacon  of  the  mass  will  be  Rev.  Fr.  James  J. 
McCarthy  and  Rev.  Fr.  Thomas  R.  McCoy,  both  of  the 
cathedral. 

The  sermon  will  be  preached  by  Most  Rev.  William  H. 
O’Connell.  The  two  chaplains  to  the  archbishop  will  be 
Rev.  Fr.  William  P.  McQuaid  of  St.  James’  church,  Har- 
rison Ave.,  and  Rev.  Fr.  Denis  J.  O’Farrell,  of  St.  Francis 
de  Sales’  church,  Roxbury,  diocesan  consultors. 

At  the  Wednesday  morning  services,  as  on  the  succeed- 
ing days.  Rev.  Dr.  M.  J.  Splaine,  chancellor  of  the  archdio- 
cese, will  be  master  of  ceremonies,  and  the  two  assistants 
will  be  Rev.  D.  J.  Toomey  of  the  cathedral  and  Rev.  James 
P.  E.  O’Connell,  the  archbishop’s  secretary. 

Thursday  will  be  children’s  day  of  the  centennial,  and 
the  solemn  high  mass,  which  will  begin  at  10.30,  will  be 
sung  by  Very  Rev.  George  J.  Patterson,  V.  G. 

The  deacon  and  sub-deacon  will  be  Rev.  Fr.  J.  J.  Crane 
and  Rev.  Fr.  Thomas  R.  McCoy  of  the  cathedral,  and  the 
chaplains  to  Archbishop  O’Connell  will  be  Rev.  Fr.  J.  J. 
Graham  and  Rev.  Fr.  George  A.  Lyons,  diocesan  directors 
of  Catholic  schools.  Fr.  Lyons  will  preach  the  sermon. 

Friday  will  be  devoted  to  memorial  services  for  the  de- 
ceased bishops,  priests,  and  people  of  the  diocese.  Rt.  Rev. 
E.  P.  Allen  will  officiate  at  the  solemn  pontifical  mass,  and 
the  assistant  priest  will  be  Very  Rev.  George  J.  Patterson. 
The  deacon  and  sub-deacon  will  be  Rev.  J.  J.  McCar- 
thy and  Rev.  Thomas  R.  McCoy  of  the  cathedral,  while 
the  chaplains  to  Archbishop  O’Connell  wdll  be  Rev.  William 
P.  McQuaid  and  Rev.  James  T.  Baxter  of  St.  James’ 
church,  Harrison  Ave. 

Saturday  has  been  set  aside  in  honor  of  the  religious 
orders,  and  to  implore  God’s  blessing  upon  these  religious 
men  and  women.  Rt.  Rev.  G.  A.  Guertin,  Bishop  of  Man- 


28  CENTENARY  OE  THE  SEE  OE  BOSTON 


Chester,  will  pontificate  at  the  solemn  mass  beginning 
at  10,30,  and  Rev.  Thomas  I.  Gasson  will  be  assistant.  The 
deacon  and  sub-deacon  of  the  mass  will  be  Rev.  Henri  de  la 
Chapelle  of  the  church  of  Our  Lady  of  Victory,  Isabella 
St.,  and  Rev.  J.  M.  McRory,  O.M.I.,  of  Lowell.  The  ser- 
mon will  be  delivered  by  Rev.  John  H.  O’Rourke,  S.J.,  of 
New  York.  The  chaplains  to  Archbishop  O’Connell  wdll  be 
Rev.  James  T.  O’Reilly,  O.S.A.,  and  Rev.  Fr.  Ubaldus, 
O.F.M.,  of  the  church  of  St.  Leonard,  North  End. 

Sunday,  Nov.  1,  will  see  the  termination  of  these  cere- 
monies, when  Cardinal  Gibbons  will  be  present  in  the  cathe- 
dral sanctuary.  Archbishop  O’Connell  will  ofliciate  at  the 
solemn  pontifical  mass.  The  assistant  priest  will,  be  Rev. 
James  Hayes,  C.S.S.R.,  of  the  Mission  church,  Roxbury, 
and  the  deacons  of  honor  will  be  Rev.  James  A.  Walsh,  dio- 
cesan director  of  the  Society  of  the  Propagation  of  the 
Faith,  and  Rev.  J.  J.  Redican  of  the  Working  Boys’ 
Home.  The  deacon  and  sub-deacon  will  be  Rev.  James  J. 
McCarthy  and  Rev.  J.  J.  Crane,  both  of  the  cathedral. 
The  chaplains  to  Cardinal  Gibbons  wull  be  Rt.  Rev. 
Thomas  Magennis,  P.R.  of  St.  Thomas’  church,  Jamaica 
Plain,  and  Rt.  Rev.  Arthur  J.  Teeling,  P.R.,  of  St. 
Mary’s  church,  Lynn. 

There  wdll  be  no  sermon,  in  order  that  the  Cardinal,  the 
Archbishop  and  other  prelates  may  have  time  to  reach  the 
reviewing  stand,  near  the  Archbishop’s  house,  to  review  the 
Holy  Name  Society  parade,  which  starts  at  12.45  o’clock. 

Among  the  visiting  prelates,  aside  from  those  mentioned 
in  the  services  above,  the  following  are  expected:  Arch- 
bishop Keane  of  Dubuque,  la. ; Archbishop  Quigley  of  Chi- 
cago-; Bishop  Walsh  of  Portland;  Bishop  Harkins  of  Prov- 
idence ; Bishop  Fitzmaurice  of  Erie,  Penn. ; Bishop  Lud- 
don  of  Syracuse,  N.  Y. ; Bishop  McFaul  of  Trenton,  N.  J. ; 
Bishop  McDonnell  of  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. ; Bishop  Beaven  of 


GOVERNOR  CURTIS  GUILD,  JR 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  29 


Springfield ; Bishop  Hennessey  of  Wichita,  Kan. ; Bishop 
Gabriels  of  Ogdensburg,  N.  Y. ; Bishop  Allen  of  Mobile, 
Ala. ; Bishop  Northrop  of  Charleston,  N.  C. ; Bishop  Burke 
of  St.  Joseph,  Mo. ; Bishop  O’Connor  of  Newark,  N.  J. ; 
Bishop  O’Connell,  rector  of  the  Catholic  University  at 
Washington;  Mgr.  Collins  of  Portland;  Mgr.  Synnott,  ad- 
ministrator of  the  Hartford  diocese;  Mgr.  O’Callaghan  of 
IManchester,  N.  H. ; IMgr.  Murphy  of  Dover,  N.  H. ; Mgr. 
Harkins  of  Holyoke,  Mgr.  Provost  of  Fall  River  and  the 
diccesan  monsignori. 


Message  of  Pope  Pius  X. 


To  our  venerable  brother,  health  and  Apostolic  Benediction. 

The  centenary  feast  of  the  archdiocese  of  Boston  has 
been  taken  by  yourself  and  the  faithful  under  your  care 
as  an  occasion  to  show  toward  Our  Person  in  office  good 
will  and  devotion  as  if  to  make  us  participators  in  your 
domestic  joy  and  happiness.  Happily  the  commemoration 
of  our  jubilee  and  the  centennial  of  your  diocese  of  Bos- 
ton happen  at  the  same  time,  so  that  we  rejoice  together  in 
the  happiness  of  each  other,  bound,  as  I know  you  to  be, 
by  a special  love  to  the  Apostolic  See  and  to  Our  Person. 

To  us,  surrounded  as  we  are  by  cares  and  difficulties, 
the  thought  of  your  attachment  is  a source  of  consolation 
and  hope.  You  have  our  gratitude  for  your  affection. 
But  we  desire  not  only  to  thank  you,  but  to  praise  you  as 
well.  We  know  how  worthily  you  govern  and  protect 
your  spiritual  charge,  you  whom  we  have  given  as  a gift 
to  the  See  of  Boston,  justly  proud  of  her  great  bishops, 
who  have  preceded  you,  and  proud  too,  as  she  may  well  be 
proud,  of  tlie  achievements  which  now  at  the  close  of  a cen- 
tury, place  her  in  the  front  rank  of  the  great  Sees  of 
America. 

How  wonderful  has  been  Boston’s  growth  from  such 
small  beginnings  to  such  a splendid  glor}’^,  in  the  multipli- 
cation of  churches,  schools  and  charitable  works,  all  pros- 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  31 


perously  maintained  by  the  benevolent  generosity  of  the 
faithful.  Therefore,  with  good  reason  we  offer  you  and 
your  devoted  priests  and  your  pious  people  our  heartiest 
congratulations. 

Again  we  see  promise  in  3mu  of  new  and  great  hope  of 
still  greater  success  and  prosperous  achievement.  That 
God  may  every  day  give  you  greater  health  and  guidance 
is  our  daily  prayer  and  with  special  affection  we  impart 
to  you  and  to  your  whole  diocese  our  Apostolic  Benedic- 
tion. 

Given  at  Rome,  St.  Peter’s, 

PIUS  X.,  POPE. 


President  Roosevelt’s  Letter 


The  White  House,  Washington,  D.  C.,  Oct.  23,  1908. 

My  dear  Archbishop  O’Connell — I wish  it  were  possible 
for  me  to  be  present  with  you  on  the  28th,  when  you  cele- 
brate the  centennial  of  the  founding  of  the-  Diocese  of 
Boston.  As  I cannot,  may  I not  only  extend  to  ^mu  my 
personal  good  wishes,  but  ask  that  you  also  extend  them 
to  those  present  at  the  celebration.  I wish  you  and  those 
associated  with  you  all  success  and  good  fortune  in  the  ef- 
fort in  which  all  good  citizens  who  believe  in  the  spiritual 
life  should  join  to  bring  about  a higher  morality  alike  in 
public  and  in  private  life  and  in  all  ways  the  elevation  of 
the  people  of  this  mighty  republic. 

Faithfully  yours. 


THEODORE  ROOSEVELT. 


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Governor  Guild’s  Letter 


The  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts,  Executive  Chamber, 
Boston,  Oct.  SI,  1908. 

Your  Grace — I am  heartily  glad  to  take  this  hour  to 
congratulate  you,  not  only  on  the  fact  that  the  100th 
anniversary  of  the  founding  of  the  diocese  finds  it  in  such 
a flourishing  and  healthy  condition,  but  that  it  finds  at 
the  head  of  the  diocese  one  whose  devotion  to  his  sacred 
office  has  ever  been  accompanied  by  no  less  enthusiastic  de- 
votion to  his  commonwealth  and  to  his  country.  No  nation 
can  long  live — history  shows  that  none  ever  succeeded — 
without  an  abiding  faith  in  divine  guidance. 

I count  myself  extremely  fortunate  that  at  this  felici- 
tous anniversary  which  you  are  to  celebrate  so  worthily  it 
should  be  my  happy  fortune  as  the  head  of  the  Common- 
wealth to  acknowledge  the  strong  support  which  the  great 
institution  of  which  you  are  the  head  has  given  to  law, 
order  and  good  citizenship  and  to  feel  that  in  the  days  to 
come,  as  in  the  days  that  are  passed,  it  will  continue  to  be 
a bulwark  of  defence  against  the  forces  of  disorder  and 
anarchy  which  menace  our  republic. 

With  warmest  personal  esteem  and  high  respect,  I have 
the  honor  to  be,  faithfully  yours, 

CURTIS  GUILD,  JR. 


33 


The  Cathedral  a Scene  of  Splendor 


Ecclesiastical  Dignitaeies,  State  and  City  Officials 
Attend  the  Opening  Function  — Archbishop 
W.  H.  O’Connell  Preaches  a Sermon  that  will 
Live  to  Inspire  the  Coming  Generations. 


Midst  a scene  of  wondrous  beauty  the  first  of  the  cere- 
monies in  honor  of  the  centenary  of  the  founding  of  the 
Catholic  diocese  of  Boston  took  place  in  the  cathedral  of  the 
Holy  Cross  October  28th.  Four  archbishops  and 
nearly  a score  of  bishops  and  a like  number  of  monsignori 
headed  the  great  assemblage  of  ecclesiastics  present  at  the 
solemn  pontifical  mass. 

Some  three  thousand  people,  including  the  chiefs  of  the 
state  and  city,  court  justices  and  judges,  state  and  munici- 
pal officials,  prominent  men  of  the  professions  and  well- 
known  laity,  besides  well-known  society  people,  attended 
and  for  about  three  hours  witnessed  one  of  the  most  elab- 
orate ceremonies  ever  solemnized  in  New  England.  A ser- 
mon was  preached  by  the  Archbishop  of  Boston,  which  was 
a master  work  of  the  historian,  scholar,  ecclesiast  and  ora- 
tor, that  reviewed  the  past  and  forecasted  the  future. 

The  increased  installation  of  incandescent  lights  added 
no  little  to  the  picture  inside  the  Cathedral,  particularly  the 
immense  electric  cross  suspended  over  the  center  of  the 
sanctuary.  On  the  gospel  side  of  the  altar  was  the  throne 
of  the  Papal  Delegate,  Most  Rev.  Diomede  Falconio  of 

34 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  35 


Washington,  radiant  in  the  darkest  red  velvet  and  purple, 
while  directly  across  was  the  throne  of  Archbishop  O’Con- 
nell on  the  epistle  side,  the  interior  done  in  complete  white 
satin,  an  effective  background  for  the  purple  of  the  prel- 
ate’s robes. 

In  the  front  of  the  side  altar  within  the  main  sanctuary, 
on  the  gospel  side,  had  been  raised  a platform,  and  upon 
this  were  placed  the  settees  and  kneeling  benches  for  prel- 
ates, accommodating  some  half  a hundred. 

The  ceremonies  began  shortly  after  ten  o’clock,  when 
several  hundred  priests  marched  by  twos  from  the  vestry  to 
the  main  auditorium  of  the  Cathedral,  where  special  sections 
had  been  reserved  for  them.  This  entry  of  the  priests  pre- 
ceded another  far  more  imposing  event,  soon  to  follow  in 
another  direction,  diverted  in  this  way  to  avoid  too  tedious 
and  lengthy  a procession. 

About  10.15  o’clock,  when  most  of  the  congregation,  in- 
cluding Governor  Curtis  Guild,  Jr.,  Lieutenant-Governor 
Draper,  Mayor  George  A.  Hibbard,  and  other  civic  digni- 
taries were  in  their  places,  the  master  of  ceremonies.  Rev. 
Dr.  M.  J.  Splaine  started  the  imposing  outdoor  procession. 
At  the  head  of  the  line  were  the  acolytes  and  cross-bearer, 
and  immediately  behind  them  the  sanctuary  choir. 

Next  in  the  long  line  that  moved  up  Union  Park  Street 
and  thence  by  Washington  Street  to  the  center  door  of  the 
cathedral,  came  150  priests  of  the  diocese,  pastors  and 
curates  and  heads  of  the  Augustinian,  Jesuit,  Franciscan, 
Redemptorist,  Marist,  Oblate,  Passionist  and  Paulist  com- 
munities. 

Then  came  the  purple-robed  monsignori  and  nearly  a 
score  of  bishops  from  all  parts  of  the  country.  Among 
them  were  four,  to  Bostonians,  strange  appearing  prelates 
of  the  Oriental,  Lithuanian,  Maronite  and  Greek  churches. 
Wearing  full  beards  and  with  vestments  rarely  seen  in  this 


36  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


part  of  the  country,  this  quartet  attracted  no  small  part  of 
the  attention  of  the  thousands  of  onlookers  along  Washing- 
ton Street. 

This  section  of  the  procession  v/as  closed  by  the  venerable 
Archbishops  Farley  of  New  York  and  Quigley  of  Chicago, 
representatives  of  the  most  thicky  populated  archdioceses 
of  the  United  States.  Then  followed  the  archiepiscopal 
cross-bearer,  Rev.  J.  J.  Crane,  and  the  two  chaplains  to 
Most  Rev.  William  H.  O’Connell,  who  were  Rev.  Michael 
O’Brien  of  Lowell  and  Rev.  Denis  J.  O’Farrell  of  St.  Fran- 
cis de  Sales  church,  Roxbury.  Robed  in  the  cappa  magna, 
the  magnificent  cape  of  reddish  purple,  came  Boston’s  Arch- 
bishop, followed  by  the  train-bearer. 

The  master  of  ceremonies,  Fr.  Splaine,  came  next,  and 
then  Rev.  Thomas  R.  McCoy,  the  subdeacon  of  the  mass ; 
Vicar-General  George  J.  Patterson,  the  assistant  priest,  and 
Rev.  J.  J.  McCarthy,  the  deacon. 

In  his  steel  gray  cappa  magna,  the  frail  appearing 
but  eminent  Delegate,  Most  Rev.  Dimede  Falconio,  fol- 
lowed by  his  train-bearers,  brought  the  spectacle  to  a close. 

The  solemn  pontifical  mass  was  quickly  begun,  an  inter- 
esting prelude  being  the  vesting  of  the  Papal  Delegate  for 
the  ceremonies,  viewed  with  deep  interest.  The  sanctuary 
choir  under  the  direction  of  Rev.  M.  J.  Scanlan  and  the 
regular  choir  under  the  direction  of  Sig.  Pio  De  Luca  and 
organist  James  T.  Whelan  rendered  the  stately  music  of 
the  mass ; and  when  the  Gospel  was  over  Mgr.  Falconio  be- 
stowed upon  the  congregation  the  apostolic  benediction. 

Archbishop  O’Connell  left  his  throne  at  the  appointed 
moment  and  delivered  his  centenary  sermon  from  a tem- 
porary speaking  stand  in  front  of  the  sanctuary  rail  at  the 
center  of  the  altar.  He  covered  a wide  field  of  thought,  and 
in  opening  paid  eloquent  tribute  to  the  work  of  his  predeces- 
sors in  the  Boston  diocese  and  led  up  to  his  subject,  the 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  37 


problem  of  the  present,  by  a review  of  conditions  in  the 
early  days  of  Massachusetts. 

Following  the  sermon  the  solemn  ceremony  was  resumed, 
and  it  was  just  after  one  o’clock  when  it  finally  concluded. 
Then  the  brilliant  recessional  took  place.  As  the  column 
moved  down  the  aisle  there  was  to  be  noted  by  the  close  ob- 
server a technical  interchange  of  courtesy  between  the  state 
and  the  church.  As  Archbishop  O’Connell  left  the  sanctu- 
ary he  moved  toward  the  pews  occupied  by  the  civic  digni- 
taries. As  he  neared  these  the  Archbishop  raised  his  beretta, 
to  which  a cordial  bow  was  returned  by  the  Governor  and 
Mayor.  As  the  procession  reached  the  street  it  was  watched 
by  as  large  a throng  as  had  viewed  it  three  hours  previ- 
ously. In  fact,  not  a few  had  contented  themselves  to  wait 
all  that  time  to  obtain  the  second  glimpse  of  the  pageant. 

When  the  prelates  had  finally  reached  the  cathedral  rec- 
tory, they  removed  their  handsome  purple  robes  and  pro- 
ceeded to  the  conference  room  of  the  cathedral,  where 
about  forty  of  them  were  the  guests  of  Archbishop  O’Con- 
nell at  dinner. 

Among  other  prelates  present  were  Bishops  Guertin  of 
Manchester,  Walsh  of  Portland,  Beaven  of  Springfield, 
Harkins  of  Providence,  Feehan  of  Fall  River,  Fitzmaurice 
of  Erie,  Penn.,  Chatard  of  Indianapolis,  Luddon  of  Syra- 
cuse, McDonnell  of  Brooklyn,  Hennessy  of  Wichita,  Kan., 
Gabriels  of  Ogdensburg,  Casey  of  St.  John,  N.  B.,  Allen  of 
Mobile,  Ala.,  Northrop  of  Charleston,  S.  C.,  Burke  of  St. 
Joseph,  Mo.,  O’Connor  of  Newark,  and  the  rector  of  the 
Catholic  University  at  Washington,  Bishop  O’Connell; 
Mgrs.  Byrne  of  the  Back  Bay,  Magennis  of  Jamaica  Plain, 
Teeling  of  Lynn,  O’Callaghan  of  South  Boston,  Griffin  of 
Worcester,  Collins  of  Portland,  Prevost  of  Fall  River,  Syn- 
nott  of  Hartford,  Doran  of  Providence,  Madden  of  Spring- 
field,  and  McDonough  of  Lewiston. 


38  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


Among  the  priests  who  attended  the  centenary  ceremony 
were  many  from  different  parts  of  New  England  as  well 
as  from  states  outside.  Especially  conspicuous  was  the  ven- 
erable superior  general  of  the  religious  order  of  the  Paul- 
ists,  Very  Rev.  F.  Searle,  C.S.P.,  who  was  accompanied  by 
Rev.  John  Hughes,  C.S.P.,  also  of  New  York. 


“In  the  Beginning” 


Centenary  Sermon  by  Archbishop  W.  H.  O’Connell.. 
“Difference  Between  Race  and  Race  Must  be 
Changed  into  Confidence  by  Fraternal  Love.” 


Most  Rev.  William  H.  O’Connell,  DD.,  who  jireached 
the  centenary  sermon,  at  the  solemn  pontifical  mass  at  the 
Cathedral,  spoke  as  follows : 

“in  the  beginning.” 

Thus  opens  the  great  page  of  God’s  Revelation: — the 
wondrous  story  telling  of  how  the  world  came  into  being 
and  how  man  first  breathed  and  lived  and  died,  until  an- 
other sublimer  chapter  is  opened,  and  the  inspired  evan- 
gelist, passing  over  man  and  world  and  universe,  begins 
a new  revelation  with  the  same  exordium,  but  a new  theme 
— not  the  origin  of  human  life,  but  the  hfe  of  the  Son  of 
God — “In  the  beginning  was  the  Word.” 

The  mind  of  man  instinctively  seeks  the  sources.  The 
river  flows  incessantly  by  him  in  its  power:  the  rush  of  its 
waters  is  in  his  ear — he  sees  the  mills  turning  as  it  flows 
by  them,  he  drinks  of  it  and  washes  in  it,  and  knows  well 
what  a desert  its  drying  up  would  create — how  the  fertile 
field  would  turn  to  dust  and  the  silence  of  death  would 
reign  where  now  all  is  energy  and  productiveness. 

As  he  stands  upon  its  bank  and  gazes  at  its  rush  as  it 
eddies  past  him,  he  knows  that  somewhere  far  beyond  the 
fields  and  over  the  hills  there  ripples  down  the  bare  moun- 
tain side  a little  rivulet,  tiny  as  a thread  of  silver,  cool  and 

39 


40  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


clear  as  crystal.  He  sees  its  even,  steady  course,  and  hears 
its  gentle  song  as  it  runs  along  its  stony  bed,  mingling 
with  others  like  itself,  as  it  makes  its  quiet  way  among  the 
brambles  that  conceal  it,  over  the  moss  which  impedes  it, 
and  down  into  the  little  pool  below,  and  then  onward  to  the 
great  world  that  awaits  it. 

The  river’s  course  is  strong  and  mighty  and  boisterous — 
its  source,  without  which  there  would  be  no  river,  is  far  up 
in  the  solitude  and  the  cold,  where  few  men  climb  and  few 
men  of  those  who  see  it  in  its  puny  force,  realize  what 
things  undreamed  of,  what  countless  achievements  it  will 
accomplish  before,  with  one  final  bound  of  joy  at  its  own 
destiny  fulfilled,  it  leaps  into  the  arms  of  mother  ocean. 

THE  KEY  TO  THE  FUTURE. 

The  minds  which  rest  in  present  and  actual  phenomena, 
detached  from  the  intimate  relations  and  influences  preced- 
ing and  causing  them,  have  lost  the  key  to  the  future. 
There  is  nothing  in  human  life  that  is  independent  or  abso- 
lute. The  chief  interest  of  what  is  now  lies  hidden  in  what 
was  a century  ago,  and  what  may  be  a century  to  come. 
When  Caesar  was  born,  the  world  was  conquered ; and  when 
he  died  the  empire  crumbled.  The  beginnings  are  the  seed 
of  history.  What  happens  after  the  seed  is  planted  is  a 
natural  development  easily  foreseen  and  measured  by  him 
who  sows  the  seed  and  knows  its  power. 

The  century  mark  of  this  diocese  shows  forth  certain 
phenomena  which  are  worth  study.  The  blossom  is  burst- 
ing into  flower.  It  is  a pleasant  thing  to  breathe  in  its 
perfume  and  gaze  at  its  wondrous  size  and  glowing  color. 
It  is  better  still,  more  interesting  and  instructive,  to  trace 
back  the  sap  to  the  soil  and  seek  for  origins — the  secrets 
which  lie  buried  there,  in  the  beginning. 

We  need  not  here  repeat  what  now  all  must  well  know — 


F 


■ ^ 


• , . 


. r ‘4,’- 


..  - -'  •v-'V 


^ S;C 


I - ■ w>->  ■'^. ',  ' 'x 

i-.t  ' • ! ‘ 


- > .•  9 Jk 


• ’ *•  V ‘ 4.--  . s'*  •!  •■'.  n V - •*  -^.s  rf*  *•  - • «’  * .-^fc. 


;■  '.  . * ‘ \:  ' ' <■  V^v^Vv  v i.-".-  -♦  ' ?53EpaL  *"^  ^ ^ 

' --.4-3 7'  -iir  iv  ^ vn: 


^■’-~  ,I-«»J|dFl'«S4  •;  - T*«  -3  •*  t -- -i  1 

■ ■ . ■ .’-v; 

• s ' ^ ^ i ■ . ^ * . . - . s 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  41 


the  ciphers  and  the  incidents.  The  names  in  the  short  but 
glorious  series  of  husbandmen  from  Cheverus  to  Williams, 
who  scattered  with  labor  and  patience  the  fruitful  seed 
which  has  sprung  into  this  ripening  harvest,  are  written  so 
large  upon  New  England’s  history  that  to  repeat  them 
would  be  like  saying  the  alphabet  to  children.  There  is 
not  a schoolboy  nor  a man  in  the  street  who  during  these 
days  of  jubilee  has  not  seen  their  names  and  their  faces 
on  every  side. 

But  to  get  behind  the  names  and  the  faces  and  the  men, 
to  delve  into  the  spirit  of  their  time  and  the  motive  which 
moved  them,  to  get  back  into  the  atmosphere  in  which  they 
lived,  into  the  hearts  of  the  people  whom  they  influenced, 
into  the  ranks  of  those  who  stood  apart  from  them  and 
either  helped  or  hindered  them,  to  learn  the  how  and  the 
why  of  the  let  or  hindrance,  to  learn  what  they  stood  for 
and  represented,  to  uncover  the  mystery  of  their  weary  bat- 
tles, to  reveal  not  merely-  the  opposition  and  the  slow  but 
steady  march  onward,  but  more  still — to  make  clear  why 
in  face  of  difficulties  the  final  triumph  came — that  is  the 
tale  today  worth  telling  and  the  lesson  worth  learning  by 
every  true  student  and  every  intelligent  man  of  this  whole 
land. 


THE  TRUE  HISTORY  OF  NEW  ENGEAND. 

The  history  of  New  England  has  long  since  ceased  to  be 
the  mere  narration  of  the  advent  and  passing  of  the  Puri- 
tan or  Pilgrim.  All  that  is  most  essential,  but  it  is  not  all. 
The  whole  story  is  even  now  far  more  comprehensive  than 
the  recounting  of  the  doings  of  any  one  band  of  exiles  who, 
whether  in  sailing  vessels  or  steamships,  entered  the  ports 
along  the  shores  from  Manhattan  to  the  St.  John  river. 
The  pioneers  of  every  settlement  will  always  have  the  glory 
due  them  and  that  will  inevitably  be  in  proportion  to  their 


42  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


permanency  of  possession  and  the  breadth  of  their  influ- 
ence. But  though  undoubtedly  the  first  New  Englanders 
left  upon  both  the  society  planted  here  and  the  Common- 
wealth founded  by  them  a certain  stamp  of  their  sturdy 
character  and  their  civic  ideals — ideals  wliich  by  improve- 
ment and  development  in  the  course  of  time  have  proven 
their  intrinsic  value,  nevertheless  a certain  unlooked-for,  in- 
deed, unwelcome,  advent  of  others  with  character  very  dis- 
similar and  ideals  quite  distinct  from  those  of  the  original 
settler,  changed  very  materially  the  whole  status  of  the 
province  and  brought  into  play  forces,  which,  with  time, 
have  influenced  and  are  bound  still  more  to  influence  the 
true  history  of  this  part  of  America. 

Let  us  glance  quickly  at  the  change  as  it  happened,  and 
then  divine  if  we  can  something  of  what  only  the  future 
will  reveal  in  its  completeness.  In  the  narration  of  this 
page  of  the  nation’s  history,  the  page  which  is  spread  out 
for  our  consideration  during  these  days,  one  motive  only 
should  guide  us — the  search  for  truth. 

Between  the  Puritan  and  the  Catholic  in  the  beginning 
lay  a dreadful  gulf.  To  begin  even  to  understand  the  true 
soul  of  things  which  happened  during  the  past  century 
that  gulf  must  be  explained.  Until  a bridge  has  been 
thrown  across  that  chasm,  still  very  deep,  even  if  growing 
happily  narrower,  this  people  of  New  England  will  never 
live  in  perfect  concord.  The  first  step  in  the  remedy  of  an 
ill  is  the  admission  of  its  existence.  And  if  there  is  a place 
where  this  holy  endeavor  for  harmonizing  hearts  is  fitting, 
it  is  this  place,  the  mother-church  of  this  whole  Province, 
and  if  there  is  one  upon  whom  that  duty  would  seem  to 
rest  more  than  upon  any  other,  it  is  upon  the  metropolitan 
of  the  greatest  religious  body  in  New  England. 

What  if  the  task  be  difficult.'^  Good-will  has  before  now 
accomplished  many  miracles  and  faith  can  move  mountains. 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  43 


That  therefore  we  may  learn  well  this  lesson  let  us  go  back 
to  where  the  story  starts  and  see  not  merely  the  opposing 
elements  at  their  source,  but  their  fruitful  origins,  and  learn 
how  misconceptions  and  misunderstandings  were  then,  as 
they  are  now,  the  real  causes,  rather  than  mere  wanton  mal- 
ice, of  so  much  disunion  and  so  much  consequent  weakness 
to  all. 


THE  IDEALS  OF  THE  PURITAN. 

In  the  beginning  the  little  band  of  sturdy  emigrants 
who  settled  along  the  shores  of  Massachusetts  were  men 
who  had  suffered  for  conscience  sake  at  home.  They  were, 
if  not  all  of  English  blood,  British  in  the  general  sense  of 
the  word.  They  were  Non-conformists  in  religion — op- 
posed to  the  Established  Church — and  democratic  in  their 
civic  ideals.  They  were,  it  would  seem,  utterly  out  of  har- 
mony with  conditions  ecclesiastically  and  civilly  in  Eng- 
land. They  were  sternly  opposed  to  the  powers  that  were, 
both  in  church  and  state,  and  evidently  the  powers  that 
were  were  equally  opposed  to  them.  The  nobles  of  the 
realm  and  the  bishops  of  the  Established  Church  made  no 
secret  of  their  attitude,  and  soon  home,  losing  the  charm 
of  peace,  lost  for  them  its  chief  attraction. 

They  were  sturdy  men,  and  they  had  sturdy  ideals. 
Their  temperaments  were  evidently  not  easily  adaptable. 
England  had  lost  her  mother  love  for  them;  they  would 
create  for  themselves  a new  nation  and  it  would  be  their 
own  nation — their  own  in  religion  and  in  government. 
There  was  no  other  plan  in  the  mind  or  in  the  heart  of 
these  sturdy  dissenters — no  idea  of  tolerating  what  others 
might  believe  or  worship.  They  had  been  denied  that 
themselves,  they  would  deny  it  in  turn  to  all  comers. 

There  was  a certain  grim  logic  in  this  stand — this  sim- 
ple determination  to  possess  absolutely  the  land.  It  was 


44  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


not  large  in  its  views  nor  possible  of  accomplishment.  It 
was  not  the  spirit  which  animated  the  Catholic  settlers  of 
Maryland,  who  opened  wide  their  doors  to  every  profes- 
sing Christian.  It  left  out  the  important  consideration 
that  the  land  they  claimed  as  theirs  absolutely  was  to  be 
wrenched  foot  by  foot  from  the  Indian,  whose  natural 
right  to  it  was  sublimely  ignored.  But  historically  this 
was  the  fact.  They  looked  upon  themselves  as  God’s  cho- 
sen people;  this  was  the  land  of  promise,  and  this  God- 
given  right  admitted  no  adverse  claims.  The  land  was 
God’s  and  they  were  his  chosen  people.  Within  its  limits 
they  established  a theocracy  and  set  up  barriers  against  the 
Philistines  around  them. 

PURITAN  TURNING  TO  OLD  TESTAMENT. 

What  is  interesting  here  to  note  is  the  spirit  dominat- 
ing all  their  action.  It  was  a reversion  to  the  old  law  rather 
than  an  acceptance  of  the  New  Testament.  It  was  far 
more  like  the  religion  of  Moses  than  the  faith  and  charity 
of  Jesus  Christ.  There  was  little  of  love  but  much  of  ter- 
ror in  their  laws.  Today  little  is  left  of  their  curious  ten- 
ets, for  time  has  changed  many  things,  and  the  tide  of 
events  has  proven  their  untenability.  God’s  earth  is  of  no 
one  tribe,  and  the  wandering  of  the  nations  still  goes  on 
changing  the  boundaries  of  peoples  and  shifting  the  pre- 
ponderance of  races. 

But  great  things  they  doubtless  did,  for  whatever  else 
they  lacked  they  never  doubted  God’s  special  love  for  them, 
and  that  perfect  confidence  braced  their  spirits  against  aw- 
ful odds  of  climate,  of  soil,  and  of  environment.  And  with 
all  their  peculiarities  and  shortcomings  they  stand  an  exem- 
plification of  what  a high  ideal,  even  imperfectly  conceived, 
but  tenaciously  held,  can  give  man  the  power  to  accom- 
plish against  seemingly  insuperable  odds. 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  45 


The  Puritan  had  set  himself  against  the  church  of  Eng- 
land. He  was  Non-comformist.  For  Anglicism  he  had 
only  loathing.  But  the  mere  mention  of  the  church  of 
Rome  brought  to  his  mind  visions  of  the  Babylonian  cap- 
tivity. It  was  perilous  for  an  Anglican  to  trespass  too  far 
upon  this  soil,  but  that  the  Papist  should  ever  dream  of 
entering  its  confines  would  be  the  rashness  of  folly,  for  the 
penalty  was  first  exile  and  then  death. 

And  here,  let  me  repeat,  I am  merely  narrating  history 
and  that  always  with  the  one  point  in  view,  for  only  one 
motive — to  bury  misunderstandings  by  explaining  the 
causes  of  them.  The  Puritan  distrusted  the  Anglican;  he 
frankly  hated  the  Catholic.  The  Puritan’s  love  may  have 
been  a gloomy  sentiment,  but  when  he  hated  he  hated  cor- 
dially. 

THE  CAUSE  OF  THE  PURITAN’s  HATRED. 

Now,  it  is  not  natural  for  a man  to  hate  without  a cause. 
What,  then,  was  the  cause  of  this  animosity  which  the  mere 
mention  of  the  Catholic  aroused  in  this  man  who  certainly 
feared  God  and  tried  in  his  own  way  to  keep  his  command- 
ments The  explanation  is  simple.  The  Puritan  had  been 
persistently  taught  by  his  own  sacred  prophets,  their  grim 
and  stern  preachers,  wielding  almost  an  absolute  authority, 
that  the  Pope  was  anti-Christ  and  that  the  Mass  was  abom- 
inable idolatry.  This  was  openly  preached  from  the  pulpit 
as  the  message  of  God.  The  texts  were  adduced  as  proofs 
of  it  by  their  solemn  divines,  and  the  books,  whose  authors 
were  no  mean  theologians  of  their  system,  covered  pages  on 
this  interesting  thesis.  Here  is  a beginning.  We  must 
delve  deeper  into  history  to  find  how  this  concept  grew. 

The  schism  between  England  and  Rome,  the  Spanish  Ar- 
mada, the  hapless  reign  of  Mary  Tudor,  the  bitter  one  for 
Catholics  of  Elizabeth,  the  fierce  struggles  of  the  Stuarts 


46  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


— all  these  various  and  prolonged  conflicts  between  the  old 
religion  of  England  and  the  new,  with  the  inevitable  embit- 
tering of  party  against  party,  each  thinking  oftentimes 
more  of  political  ascendency  than  of  any  religious  advan- 
tage; all  these  baneful  influences  opened  wider  and  wider 
the  fatal  breach.  At  last,  under  Cromwell — soldier,  ruler 
and  prophet  all  in  one — the  common  people  of  England, 
from  whom  our  Puritans  sprang,  accepting  as  gospel  truth 
the  speech  which  was  in  reality  only  the  fierce  figurative  lan- 
guage of  bitter  political  strife,  came  sincerely  to  believe 
that  Rome  was  Babylon  and  the  Papist  an  arch  fiend  of 
treachery  and  conspiracy. 

A BETTER  UNDERSTANDING  OF  HISTORY. 

Today  honest  historians  on  both  sides  are  tracing  the 
forgeries  which  passed  at  the  time  as  genuine.  Titus  Oates 
has  been  revealed  in  clear  coloring  and  the  gunpowder  plot 
lucidly  put  in  its  true  light,  not  by  Catholic  apologists,  but 
by  Protestant  impartial  students  of  real  history,  and  not 
by  conners  of  fiction  posing  as  unbiased  historians.  But  all 
this  is  recently.  It  is  only  now  that  the  whole  truth  may  be 
known  by  all.  The  New  England  Puritan,  narrow  of  mind 
and  limited  in  education,  was  not  entirely  to  blame  if  he  ac- 
cepted the  current  and  seemingly  plausible  view.  All  the 
more  so  that  even  now  with  all  the  proofs  come  to  light,  and 
the  documentary  evidence  discovered  by  Protestant  scholars 
at  hand,  even  today  these  same  fables  are  repeated  by  fairly 
well-read  men  and  honestly  believed  by  the  ignorant,  who 
in  their  narrow  environment  have  slender  means  of  learning 
the  latest  results  of  scientific  research. 

It  is  perfectly  safe  to  say  not  one  in  one  hundred  thou- 
sand who  by  fabled  story  have  accepted  ready-made  an  an- 
tipathy to  the  church  have  ever  taken  the  slightest  pains 
to  investigate  the  truth  for  themselves, — such  even  among 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  47 


fairly  enlightened  men  is  the  force  of  prejudice.  So  what 
the  Catholic  seemed  in  the  mind  of  the  Puritan  was  some- 
what natural,  and,  seeing  him  as  he  did,  he  closed  his  heart 
to  him  and  his  kindred.  He  was  to  be  exiled  first  if  caught, 
and  upon  returning  he  was  to  be  hanged. 

THE  COMING  OF  THE  CATHOLIC. 

And  yet  the  Catholic  opened  the  door  of  this  stern  enemy 
of  his  and  entered — entered  and  took  his  place,  and  stayed. 
His  lodging  was  far  from  comfortable  for  he  came  unin- 
vited and  unwelcome.  He  well  knew  the  suspicion  which 
followed  him,  well  realized  the  antipathy  which  surrounded 
him.  It  was  a double  antipathy.  The  Puritan  had  for 
the  Catholic  of  any  country  little  love.  For  the  French 
and  Irish  Catholic  there  was  the  added  enmity  of  race. 
And  yet  it  was  precisely  the  French  and  Irish  Catholic, 
who  knocked  at  his  door,  or,  rather,  entered  silently, 
fearing  to  announce  his  advent.  He  was  a hunted  exile, 
this  Irishman,  poor  child  of  a wronged  nation.  The 
sneer  and  the  frown  were  no  new  things  for  him.  He  had 
lost  heavily  in  the  fortunes  of  war,  but  he  knew  his  na- 
tion’s history  and  loved  even  more  than  his  life  or  his  for- 
tunes the  faith  of  his  fathers.  He  had  felt  the  bitterness 
of  persecution  for  his  fidelity.  But  he  was  a human  being; 
he  had  a right  to  live,  and  live  he  would. 

And  so  by  some  strange  tide  of  fate  or  fortune  he  found 
himself,  with  a few  of  his  fellow  exiles,  driven  from  his  own 
beloved  land  by  the  poverty  which  a terrible  persecution 
had  caused,  or  by  the  reign  of  terror  which  infidelity  had 
set  up,  an  unwelcome  trespasser  upon  a soil  to  which  he 
had  come  unbidden. 

The  Englishman  and  the  Puritan  stood  for  the  first  time 
face  to  face  with  the  Catholic  and  the  Irishman.  At  home 
a sea  divided  their  antipathies  and  their  distrusts;  here 


48  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


they  stood  shoulder  to  shoulder,  neighbors  in  the  same 
street.  The  inevitable  followed.  Here  is  the  beginning — 
here  the  first  page  of  that  century’s  tale  which  ends  today. 
The  contrast  offered  by  these  diverse  types  of  men  could 
not  have  been  greater,  the  antithesis  could  not  have  been 
stronger.  Never  in  the  history  of  this  whole  country  was 
there  such  a problem  given  to  solve  by  two  factors  so  ut- 
terly opposite  in  all  their  bearings.  To  expect  a prompt 
and  facile  solution  of  such  an  intricate  and  complex  theorem 
would  be  to  prove  an  utter  ignorance  of  the  ways  of  men. 

In  New  York  the  Dutch  had  no  such  strong  natural  an- 
tipathy for  the  Irish  exile,  so  they  soon  understood  each 
other  and  agreed,  or  at  least  agreed  to  disagree.  In  Mary- 
land the  English  Catholic  welcomed  his  English  Protestant 
kinsman  and  Catholic  and  Protestant  in  Maryland  lived 
together  in  brotherly  harmony.  In  Louisiana  Frenchmen 
welcomed  Frenchmen  and  Catholic  welcomed  Catholic.  But 
here  on  this  soil  was  to  be  brought  to  some  sort  of  conclu- 
sion an  argument,  the  premises  of  which  were  as  divided 
as  pole  from  pole,  a mingling  of  two  elements  between 
which  the  force  of  attraction  was  conspicuous  by  its  ab- 
sence. 

TIME  NEEDED  FOR  JUST  VIEW. 

Who,  in  the  face  of  such  conditions,  could  wonder  if  a 
whole  century  must  pass  before  their  children’s  children  in 
our  day  would  at  least  begin  to  see  one  another  not  as  ene- 
mies, but  as  friends  at  last  in  the  great  brotherhood  of  a 
common  citizenship.?  That  the  old  suspicion,  the  bitter  dis- 
trust, is  abating  is  due  partly  to  time,  which  proves  all 
things  and  heals  all  wounds,  partly  to  events  which  drew 
the  jarring  forces  together — events  like  the  great  war  of 
the  revolution,  when  the  Catholic  as  well  as  the  Puritan 
gave  his  money  when  he  had  it,  and  his  life-blood  again  and 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  49 


again  to  prove  his  fidelity  to  his  adopted  country;  and  in 
the  civil  war,  when  for  the  union  he  leaped  into  the  van- 
guard and  won  his  title  to  loyalty  by  his  death — in  time 
and  by  events  the  truth  began  to  dawn. 

NOTABLE  EXAMPLES. 

But  the  dawn  of  mutual  respect  and  understanding  was 
still  more  hastened  by  the  word  and  example  on  both  sides 
of  noble  and  high-minded  men — of  Cheverus  and  Fenwick 
and  Fitzpatrick  and  Williams  on  the  one  hand,  and  of 
Channing,  Shattuck,  Higginson,  Andrew,  Hoar  and  Guild 
on  the  other,  and  of  all  such  good  men  who  lent  their  great 
influence  to  alter  the  jarring  sentiments  of  mutual  distrust 
into  mutual  regard  and  mutual  esteem. 

Those  hard  days,  filled  with  unutterable  anxiety  for 
Boston’s  first  pastors,  we  of  today  can  scarcely  realize. 
Again  and  again  the  flame  of  feeling  burst  forth,  and  only 
the  veneration  in  which  Cheverus  and  his  successors  were 
universally  held  by  all  good  men,  all  thoroughly  tired  of 
this  endless  strife  detrimental  to  all  interests  and  all  prog- 
ress, could  ever  have  stemmed  on  the  one  hand  the  antipathy 
which  showed  itself  in  the  burning  of  the  convent  on  Mt. 
Benedict,  the  ravings  of  the  so-called  Angel  Gabriel,  and 
the  latest,  and  let  us  hope  the  last,  display  of  un-American 
intolerance  in  the  outburst  of  a now  defunct  organization 
of  unholy  memory,  and  on  the  other  hand  the  naturally 
bitter  resentment  into  which  unoffending  citizens  had  been 
wantonly  goaded  by  demonstrations  of  medieval  ignorance 
and  bhnd  passion. 

CONCILIATORY  WORK  OF  BISHOPS. 

Had  not  the  good  sense,  the  humanity  and  outspoken 
justice  on  the  one  side,  and  the  counsel  and  prayers  for  pa- 
tience on  the  other  finally  prevailed,  God  alone  knows  what 


50  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


shameful  blots  added  to  those  already  visible,  would  dis- 
honor today  the  best  pages  of  New  England’s  history  of 
the  nineteenth  century.  The  gentleness  of  Cheverus,  the 
intelligence  of  Fenwick,  the  suavity  of  Fitzpatrick,  the  un- 
ruffled patience  of  Williams,  all  stood  heroic  tests,  all  con- 
tributed more  than  any  other  influence  to  keep  enmities  and 
discord  at  bay,  to  bring  forth  out  of  the  chaos  of  clashing 
interests  and  wrangling  antipathies  the  beginnings  of  har- 
mony and  concord,  and  to  sink  deeper  and  deeper  at  the 
same  time  those  foundations  of  faith  and  courage  upon 
which  we  must  all  labor  unitedly  to  erect  a fitting  monu- 
ment to  God’s  glory  and  memory  of  all  these  good  men, 
apostles  of  the  love  of  neighbor,  which  is  the  charity  of 
Jesus  Christ,  and  which  is  the  corner  stone  of  his  religion. 

The  beginnings  were  hard  on  all  sides,  and  out  of  those 
hard  beginnings  destiny  has  woven  unexpected  conse- 
quences. The  Puritan  has  passed  into  history.  His  chil- 
dren’s children  live,  proud,  as  well  they  may  be,  of  the 
great  civic  accomplishments  of  their  fathers;  but  his  creed 
has  passed  from  the  land.  The  indomitable  courage  of  the 
makers  of  this  glorious  commonwealth  has  stamped  itself 
indelibly  upon  the  whole  country.  Whatever  were  his 
faults,  he  builded  well;  and  ungrateful  indeed  would  pos- 
terity be  did  it  not  remember  that  if  he  was  narrow,  he 
was  strong  and  energetic  and  persevering,  and  profoundly 
and  consistently  an  upholder  of  the  law. 

CHANGED  CONDITIONS. 

The  Puritan  has  passed ; the  Catholic  remains.  The  city 
where  a century  ago  he  came  unwanted  he  has  made  his 
own.  A century  has  materialized  a prosperity  and  a growth 
undreamed  of  by  his  fathers.  The  little  church  of  Boston 
has  grown  and  expanded  into  one  of  the  most  prosperous 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  51 


and  numerous  provinces  of  the  Christian  world.  The  seed 
planted  in  trial  and  watered  with  tears  has  grown  into  a 
mighty  tree.  The  virtue,  the  strength,  the  beauty  were  all 
in  the  seed — the  faith  of  Christ  never  fails  to  flourish  when 
there  is  air  and  light  enough  and  liberty  to  grow.  Persecu- 
tion but  impedes  it  only  for  a while — and  even  while  it  im- 
pedes its  blossoming,  only  strengthens  the  roots  and  invig- 
orates the  sap.  The  first  pastor  of  Boston  well  knew  this 
when  he  gave  to  his  little  church  the  name  of  Holy  Cross. 

One  hundred  years  have  multiplied  one  httle  church  into 
one  thousand,  two  priests  into  two  thousand,  one  bishop 
into  eight,  and  the  “pusillus  grex”  of  the  one  hundred 
faithful,  courageous  souls  into  near  three  million.  These 
are  inspiring  figures — growth  ineffable  against  great  and 
discouraging  odds.  Such  is  the  present  grown  from  the 
past;  what  of  the  future  from  the  present.?  The  problem 
is  still  unsolved. 

The  gulf,  though  narrowed,  is  visibly  still  there.  It 
needs  only  the  occasion  to  reveal  its  presence.  It  is,  I re- 
peat, here  still.  We  must  face  the  truth  if  we  would  be  of 
real  service  to  the  cause  of  harmony.  The  question  awaiting 
an  answer  still  is,  are  we  to  fill  in  the  gap  and  utilize  the 
ground  as  builders  do  waste  land,  or  must  we  wait  another 
century  for  the  much-desired  concord.?  No  lover  of  New 
England  will  stand  passive  in  this  problem  before  us.  There 
are  rents  enough  growing  in  the  social  fabric  without  per- 
petuating those  made  by  our  fathers,  the  baneful  influ- 
ence of  which  in  every  walk  of  life  even  today  we  still  feel. 
Cheverus  and  Boston’s  shepherds  have  done  their  share 
nobly  and  well.  The  people,  guided  by  them,  have  shown 
their  good  will  often,  even  under  direst  provocation.  What 
now  is  our  duty — the  duty  not  of  us  alone,  but  of  every 
New  England  citizen.?  Our  answer  will  be  the  measure  of 
our  greatness. 


52  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


THE  DIFFICULTIES  LESSENED. 

The  difficulties  in  the  problem  are  more  than  half  elimi- 
nated. Our  fathers  on  both  sides  would  scarcely  see  them 
if  they  could  return  to  our  surroundings.  Faith  and  pa- 
tience and  the  good  will  of  many  have  performed  miracles 
already.  We  must  complete  the  solution  of  a difficult  but 
half-solved  question,  whose  solution  means  countless  bless- 
ings of  peace  and  tranquility  to  all  this  blessed  land.  So 
long  as  ignorance  perpetuates  prejudice,  so  long  as  pride 
cherishes  its  sores,  anger  will  smolder,  awaiting  only  an  oc- 
casion to  burst  into  flames.  The  blood  of  the  Catholic  of 
New  England  has  bathed  man}’-  a battlefleld.  His  patriot- 
ism is  as  strong  as  the  Puritan’s.  They  have  lived  on  the 
same  street,  under  the  same  roof,  for  a century,  and  it  is 
high  time  for  a clear  understanding — not  for  myths  and 
fables.  We  are  living  in  the  twentieth  century,  not  in  the 
sixteenth.  We  are  less  excusable  than  our  ancestors  on  this 
soil  for  prolonging  the  conflict  which  misunderstanding 
more  than  actual  malice  started.  What  care  I for  what 
Stuart  courtiers  or  Tudor  flatterers  did  to  set  brother 
against  brother?  My  life  is  now  and  here.  Nay,  what 
good  can  come  from  cherishing  the  resentment  which  New 
Englanders  of  1800  provoked  from  the  harmless  little  band 
of  Catholic  exiles  seeking  only  shelter  for  their  bodies  and 
an  unmolested  shrine  for  their  souls?  The  past  is  passed — 
its  good  alone  is  worthy  to  remain;  its  hard  story  must 
be  recalled  only  as  a page  of  dark  misunderstanding  and  a 
lesson  of  encouragement  in  future  hardships. 

MANY  RACES  INSTEAD  OF  TWO. 

In  1800  it  was  a struggle  between  only  two  races.  In 
1900  the  offspring  of  a dozen  races  and  nations  occupy 
the  scenes.  To  seek  to  force  upon  any  one  of  them  the  dis- 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  53 


tinctive  blood  traits  of  another  would  be  labor  in  vain.  That 
was  the  mistake  of  the  Puritan  who  would  perforce  change 
the  Celtic  enthusiasm  into  British  coldness,  and  the  wealth 
of  Catholic  ritual  into  the  frigidity  of  Puritan  observance. 
The  Puritan  thought  of  God  as  a great  avenger  of  sin — 
his  meeting  house  was  cold  as  a prison.  The  Catholic 
looked  up  to  God  as  a Royal  Father — his  temple  was  warm, 
with  regular  ceremonial  which  spoke  of  the  dignity  of 
God’s  presence,  made  intimate  by  love.  It  was  one  of  the 
many  differences  between  them.  But  it  was  not  the  least  of 
them  all. 

To  harmonize  into  a common  sympathy  and  patient  for- 
bearance these  varied  inhabitants  of  the  land,  so  that  while 
each  retains  the  birthright  of  his  race,  each  learns  from 
each  something  worth  acquiring  for  the  common  good — 
that  is  the  only  sensible,  practical  and  efficacious  method  by 
which  concord  and  fellow  feeling  can  become  a reality,  for 
the  peace  of  all  and  for  the  nation’s  strength.  Reason,  im- 
partial and  tolerant,  will  do  much,  but  the  one  great  power 
which  has  accomplished  this  miracle  again  and  again,  when 
the  Goth  mingled  with  the  Gaul,  when  the  Saxon  met  the 
Briton,  when  the  Hun  overran  Europe — in  the  ever-chang- 
ing currents  of  clans  and  tribes,  is  the  church  of  Christ  pro- 
claiming and  enforcing  Christ’s  law  of  universal  brother- 
hood, not  in  mere  high  sounding  and  empty  phrases,  but  by 
real  and  visible  unity  of  belief  and  of  communion. 

That  influence  came  here  with  Cheverus  one  hundred 
years  ago.  Quietly  but  potently  it  has  been  working  out 
its  results — it  has  labored  without  gratitude,  it  has  toiled 
in  silence  by  counsel  and  entreaty  and  at  times  not  even 
the  flock  understood  the  peaceful  counsel  of  the  shepherds. 
More  than  once  the  work  of  beneficent  concord  was  all  but 
ruined  by  passion  on  the  one  side  and  resentment  on  the 
other.  Men  are  but  men,  and  even  the  strong,  sweet  bonds 


54  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


of  the  church’s  sway  may  be  burst  after  long  endurance 
under  dire  provocation.  But  the  church  held  to  her  high- 
est law. 

THE  WORK  OF  THE  CATHOLIC  PRIESTHOOD. 

The  noble  band  of  priests  who  for  a century  have  poured 
out  their  labor  and  their  lives  among  the  people,  who  to- 
day are  the  strongest  force  for  moral  uplift  and  persever- 
ing, steady  progress  in  the  spiritual  and  in  the  civic  life 
of  this  Commonwealth,  are  doing  now  what  Cheverus  began 
and  his  successors  continue.  The  results  of  their  labors  are 
not  always  obvious ; men  cannot  easily  reahze  what  might 
have  happened  if  such  an  influence  were  not  at  work  among 
them.  But  New  England  will  not  allow  another  century 
to  pass  before  she  reahzes  the  real  value  of  these  law-lov- 
ing, law-enforcing,  priestly  sons  of  hers,  living  near  the 
hearts  of  their  people,  their  people  in  their  hearts,  encour- 
aging, counsehng,  consohng,  repressing,  gently  controlling 
— an  influence  which  never  tires  and  never  sleeps. 

O ! Priests  of  New  England,  seeking  no  reward  but  God’s 
blessing,  wanting  no  recompense  but  Heaven’s  approval, 
what  wonders  unknown  but  to  God  and  you,  your  enlight- 
ened priestly  zeal,  your  high  and  strong  courage,  your  true 
love  of  New  England’s  peace  and  happiness  have  accom- 
plished. What  lessons  of  all  that  ennobles  life  your  lips 
have  spoken ! What  deeds  of  sweet  charity  your  hands  have 
wrought!  What  messages  of  peace  your  weary  feet  have 
carried  I The  Matignons  and  the  Fittons,  tireless  in  their 
zeal  and  unflagging  in  their  toil,  traversing  the  byways 
from  end  to  end  of  this  great  land,  thank  God,  still  live. 
The  spirit  of  these  pioneers  of  the  faith  is  still  active  and 
fruitful.  The  material  difficulties  of  a century  ago  have 
passed,  but  new  ones  far  more  intricate,  far  more  delicate, 
face  the  priesthood  of  today. 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  55 


GROWTH  OF  CATHOLICITY. 

Three  millions  of  Catholics  occupy  the  limits  where  then 
one  hundred  lived.  And  the  needs  have  grown  with  the 
number  and  altered  with  the  conditions.  To  train  the  docile 
mind  and  heart  of  a few  scattered  emigrants  was  a task 
infinitely  more  easy  than  to  preserve  the  purity  of  the  faith 
in  the  denizens  of  crowded  cities,  menaced  by  the  contagion 
of  a thousand  sophistries,  and  to  keep  untainted  souls  beck- 
oned on  all  sides  to  a thousand  seductions.  Poverty  and  the 
humiliations  of  a cold  welcome  have  their  hard  features. 
But  the  pride  of  life  and  the  corruption  of  luxury  are  in- 
finitely more  to  be  feared. 

Matignon  and  Fitton  faced  their  difficulties  and  con- 
quered them,  and  you,  priests  of  New  England,  will  by 
God’s  grace,  meet  and  overcome  the  dangers  of  your  day. 
The  child  of  the  emigrant  is  called  to  fill  the  place  which 
the  Puritan  has  left.  He  must  learn  to  fill  it  worthily  and 
well.  And  from  the  story  of  his  father’s  struggles  he  must 
take  to  heart  two  salutary  lessons — to  keep  his  faith  un- 
dimmed and  his  charity  unquenched.  The  charity  of  the 
Puritan  was  for  his  own  only — the  charity  of  the  Catholic 
must  be  for  all.  The  Puritan  failed  because  he  planned 
only  for  himself.  The  Catholic  must  broaden  his  love  to 
embrace  all  as  Christ  did.  He  will  not  fail.  The  Puritan 
frowned  upon  the  coming  of  the  stranger,  and  then  won- 
dered at  the  estrangement  which  followed.  Beware  of  a like 
grave  fault  yourself  toward  those  who  now  enter  your 
gates.  Your  church  is  Catholic — so  let  your  charity  be  also. 
The  faith  of  the  emigrant  was  strong  as  steel  and  firm  as 
adamant.  It  stood  the  test  of  reviling.  The  faith  of  his 
children  must  stand  the  test  of  indifference  and  flattery. 
The  emigrant  ate  his  bread  sweetened  by  moral  content, 
and  it  nourished  him  in  health  and  happiness.  Beware  that 


56  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


a richer  fare  bring  not  discontent  and  the  envy  that  kills 
faith  and  love. 

DOUBLE  PROBLEM  OF  THE  PRESENT. 

So  will  you  and  your  children  solve  here  on  New  Eng- 
land’s soil  two  great  problems  which  must  today  be  met 
frankly  and  faced  courageously.  First,  the  difference  be- 
tween race  and  race  must  be  changed  into  confidence  by 
that  fraternal  love  which  is  Christ’s  sweet  law.  The  pitting 
of  race  against  race  is  a base  maneuver;  shrewd,  perhaps, 
short-sighted  certainly.  No  one  who  really  loves  God  and 
country  would  ever  stoop  to  it.  The  Catholic  Christian 
will  not  countenance  it.  Second,  faith  showing  forth 
clearly  God’s  commands  must  reveal  also  the  higher  duty 
which  new  responsibilities  and  higher  place  have  imposed 
upon  us  all.  If  we  are  to  learn  from  the  centuries  past  not 
vain  fables,  but  practical  truths,  and  not  mere  requiems 
over  dead  sires,  but  flaming  revelations  which  illumine  the 
future,  let  us  hear  the  voices  which  speak  to  us  from  the 
graves  of  heroes,  and  draw  lofty  inspiration  from  their 
lives. 

We  of  today  must  prove  our  titles  by  prizing  them  at 
their  true  value.  We  must  fear  no  enmity  and  create  none. 
No  effort  to  misinterpret  our  labors  for  harmony  must  cool 
our  ardor.  No  obstacles  of  ignorance  of  our  faith  nor  an- 
tipathy to  race  must  discourage  us.  The  sign  of  the  Holy 
Cross  gleams  high  above  us  Catholics  of  Boston  and  New 
England  as  it  did  upon  the  banners  of  Constantine  when 
the  church  came  forth  from  the  catacombs  to  take  her 
rightful  place  of  glory  and  triumph  among  all  tribes  and 
peoples.  The  procession  has  started — the  march  towards 
our  duty  here,  not  merely  to  ourselves,  but  to  our  surround- 
ings, must  proceed.  God  wills  it — our  country  demands 
it.  Let  the  dead  past  bury  its  dead ; but  not  all  the  past  is 
dead. 


THE  LATE  MOST  REV.  JOHN  J.  WILLIAMS,  D.D 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  57 


IMPERISHABLE  EXAMPLE  OF  BISHOPS. 

The  courage,  the  self-sacrifice,  the  heroism  of  our  pre- 
lates and  priests  and  ancestors  will  never  die.  When  this 
city  has  grown  ancient,  when,  mayhap,  many  other  races 
from  other  lands  mingling  with  your  children’s  children, 
gather  around  these  altars  centuries  hence,  as  we  do  to- 
day, to  get  courage  for  the  future  by  meditating  upon 
what  has  been,  the  names  of  Boston’s  four  great  bishops, 
the  pioneer  priests  and  the  earliest  Catholics  will  still  be 
glorified  in  the  history  of  this  land  and  held  in  eternal  bene- 
diction by  all  who  love  the  blessings  of  peace  and  law.  The 
glory  of  court  and  battlefield  is  but  a gilded  bauble  com- 
pared to  the  eternal  glory  which  true  moral  greatness, 
begot  of  faith,  weaves  for  those  who  in  obscurity  and 
hardship  serve  faithfully  God  and  country,  as  did  the  pa- 
triarchs and  people  of  the  Catholic  church  of  New  England 
one  hundred  years  ago,  when  still  all  here  was  in  the  begin- 
ning. 

To  God,  the  ruler  of  all,  to  Jesus  Christ,  His  Son,  to  His 
holy  church,  founded  upon  the  rock  of  Peter,  and  whose 
love  embraces  all  mankind,  be  there  all  the  honor  and  the 
glory  of  what  one  hundred  years  of  faith  have  witnessed. 
And  we  may  well  repeat  today  the  significant  motto  of  this 
Commonwealth,  “Sicut  patribus,  sit  nobis  Deus” — “As  he 
was  to  our  fathers,  so  let  him  be  to  us — our  God.”  The 
Catholic  faith,  changeless  and  undying,  Christian  hope  in 
the  fulfilment  of  a great  destiny  for  our  country,  charity 
uncooled  and  unquenchable  for  all — these  are  the  torches 
which  today  we  kindle  afresh  at  the  tombs  of  those  good 
men  whose  ashes  have  mingled  with  New  England’s  soil, 
but  whose  immortal  souls  live  forever  in  God’s  eternal 
kingdom,  where  all  the  holy  men  of  all  races  and  all  times 
sing  his  glory  for  ever  and  ever  more.  They  did  their  duty 
well — and  now  for  ours. 


Symphony  Hall  Meeting 


Geeat  Gathering  of  Ceericae  and  Civic  Dignitaries 
Participate  in  Memorable  Tribute  to 
Boston’s  Deceased  Bishops. 


Most  Rev.  William  H.  O’Connell  brought  to  a close  the 
Catholic  diocesan  centenary  meeting  in  Symphony  Hall 
last  night  with  the  following  striking  words,  which  elicited 
an  outburst  of  applause  and  cheers: — 

*^The  scroll  upon  which  is  written  the  story  of  Boston* s 
four  great  bishops  has  been  unrolled.  The  story  of  their 
trials  their  labors,  their  triumphs  has  been  told.  These 
were  the  heroes  of  the  great  faith  which  has  produced  mar- 
tyrs and  confessors  wherever  it  has  been  sown.  A new 
page  lies  open  before  us.  They  wrote  the  history  of  the 
last  century,  we  must  make  the  history  of  the  coming  one. 
Compared  to  ours  their  conditions  were  hard  indeed. 

^^But  much  as  they  did  against  odds  we  have  much  more 
to  do.  They  laid  the  foundations.  We  must  complete  the 
edifice — an  edifice  whose  architect  is  Christ  and  whose  pin- 
nacles pointing  heavenwards  must  gleam  with  the  glory 
of  God.  We  should  be  cowards,  indeed,  did  we  in  plenty 
fail  in  what  thvy  in  poverty  accomplished. 

^^One  thing  only  will  assure  complete  success — the  same 
unity  of  faith,  the  same  splendid  courage  which  our  fathers 
had.  No  lagging  in  the  ranks,  no  cowards  and  no  rebels — 
but  an  army — one  in  mind  and  heart  facing  a great  war- 
fare— confident  of  final  triumph.** 

58 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  59 


The  meeting,  which  might  properly  be  termed  a civic 
memorial  event  for  the  deceased  Cathohc  bishops  of  Bos- 
ton, was  an  enthusiastics  one  in  every  way.  It  was  a nota- 
ble gathering  in  many  ways.  Clergymen,  physicians,  law- 
yers, public  officials  and  staunch  business  men  filled  the 
hall,  and  several  speakers  imparted  a thorough  knowledge 
of  the  three  bishops  and  one  archbishop  who  in  one  hun- 
dred years  have  ruled  the  diocese.  They  dealt  sympatheti- 
cally with  these  lamented  prelates,  giving  interesting  side- 
lights upon  their  personalities. 

From  7.30  o’clock  until  eight  Archbishops  Falconio  and 
O’Connell,  with  a large  number  of  ecclesiastical  dignitaries 
frem  all  parts  of  the  country,  were  seated  in  the  reception 
room  of  the  hall,  and  here  Governor  Guild,  and  Mayor 
Hibbard  spent  the  time  with  the  prelates  in  pleasant  con- 
versation. At  eight  o’clock  the  dignitaries  went  upon  the 
stage  and  were  greeted  by  the  large  gathering  standing. 
Between  Archbishops  O’Connell  and  Falconio  sat  Governor 
Guild  and  Mayor  Hibbard. 

Others  on  the  platform  were  Bishops  Casey  of  St.  John, 
N.  B.,  Allen  of  Mobile,  Ala.,  Gabriels  of  Ogdensburg, 
N.  Y.,  Luddon  of  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  Walsh  of  Portland, 
Guertin  of  Manchester,  McDonnell  of  Brooklyn,  O’Connell 
of  the  Catholic  University,  Washington,  Burke  of  St. 
Josephs,  Mo. ; Mgrs.  Lavelle  of  New  York,  Byrne  of  St. 
Cecilia’s,  Teeling  of  Lynn,  Magennis  of  Jamaica  Plain, 
O’Callaghan  of  South  Boston,  Collins  of  Portland,  Hurley 
of  Portland,  McDonough  of  Lewiston,  Prevost  of-  Fall 
River,  Griffin  of  Worcester,  Synnot  of  Hartford,  O’Cal- 
laghan of  Portsmouth,  and  Madden  of  Springfield;  Mar- 
quis Bouthillier  de  Chavigny,  Judge  Charles  A.  De  Courcy, 
Judge  M.  J.  Murray,  Prof.  Thomas  Dwight  of  the  Har- 
vard Medical  School,  Henry  V.  Cunningham,  Chancellor 


6o  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


Splaine  of  the  Boston  archdiocese,  Rev.  James  P.  E. 
O’Connell,  the  Archbishop’s  secretary.  Rev.  J.  E.  Miller- 
ick  of  St.  Joseph’  Church,  West  End,  Rev.  Edward  J. 
Moriarty  of  St.  Peter’s  Church,  Cambridge,  and  Rev. 
Denis  J.  O’Farrell  of  St.  Francis  de  Sales  Church,  Rox- 
bury;  Fr.  Henselman,  Superior  of  the  Jesuit  fathers,  and 
Fr.  Rockwell,  his  assistant,  both  of  New  York;  Rev. 
Thomas  I.  Gasson,  S.  J.,  President  of  Boston  College;  Fr. 
Cormican  and  Rev.  M.  E.  Dolan,  two  of  the  faculty  of  the 
Holy  Cross  College ; Fr.  Lucking,  Superior  of  the  Redemp- 
torist  Fathers,  New  York;  Rev.  James  Hayes,  C.  SS.  R., 
of  the  Mission  Church,  Roxbury. 

The  meeting  was  called  to  order  by  Hon.  M.  J.  Murray, 
who  said:  “We  are  gathered  in  pleasant  obedience  to  the 
wish  of  the  head  of  the  diocese  in  this  auditorium.  The 
obedient  child  of  the  Church  finds  it  an  easy  task  to  be  a 
law-abiding  citizen.” 

Following  a few  other  pleasant  remarks  Judge  Murray 
introduced  the  Marquis  Bouthillier  de  Chavigny,  and  his 
address  in  French  was  frequently  interrupted  by  applause, 
particularly  by  Governor  Guild  and  the  two  archbishops. 
Following  the  marquis  Judge  De  Courcy  was  introduced, 
and  he  spoke  upon  the  first  bishop  of  Boston,  the  saintly 
Cheverus.  Inasmuch  as  Governor  Guild  had  but  a brief  res- 
pite from  his  physician  in  orded  to  attend  the  exercises  he 
spoke  next,  and  when  leaving  the  hail  was  given  a splendid 
tribute,  the  entire  audience  rising  and  cheering  the  popular 
governor. 

Mayor  Hibbard  then  offered  his  congratulations  on  be- 
half of  the  city  to  the  Catholic  people  who  were  observing 
a noteworthy  period  in  their  history.  The  Mayor  referred 
to  the  elaborate  ceremony  of  the  previous  day,  and  in  be- 
half of  the  citizens  of  Boston  extended  to  Archbishop 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  6i 


O’Connell  and  the  other  special  guest  of  the  evening,  Mgr. 
Falco’Jo,  the  kindly  felicitations  of  the  city. 

Ilenry  Y.  Cnnningham  spoke  upon  Boston’s  second  prel- 
ate, Bishop  Fenwick,  and  Judge  Murray  spoke  upon 
Bishop  Fitzpatrick.  Prof.  Dvight  dealt  with  the  life  of 
the  late  Archbishop  Williams  and  told  many  incidents  of 
the  late  archbishop’es  life,  hitherto  not  known  to  the  people 
in  general,  and  which  proved  of  great  interest.  Then  Arch- 
bishop O’Connell  brought  the  meeting  to  a close  with  the 
brief  speech  which  is  given  at  the  opening  of  this  chapter. 


Governor  Curtis  Guild’s  Address 


Governor  Curtis  Guild,  Jr.,  spoke  as  follows: 

It  is  ever  a pleasant  duty  to  bring  the  greetings  of  the 
Commonwealth  to  any  body  of  citizens  who  have  found  in 
religious  faith  the  strongest  inspiration  for  the  moral  life. 
I congratulate  you  on  this  centennial  anniversary  of  the 
founding  of  the  Catholic  diocese  in  Boston.  Its  benefits 
have  extended  beyond  the  limits  of  the  city  to  the  confines 
of  the  Commonwealth. 

The  full  measure  of  that  benefit  not  merely  to  church 
but  to  state,  can  only  be  appreciated  by  those  who  are  hon- 
est enough  to  reverse  the  picture  and  to  consider  dispas- 
sionately what  would  have  been  the  character  of  Massachu- 
setts today  if  the  millions  of  new  Americans  from  Catholic 
countries  who,  with  their  sons  and  daughters,  the  second 
generation,  now  form  two-thirds  of  those  recorded  as  com- 
municants of  any  religion  in  Massachusetts,  had  been  left 
for  a hundred  years  unchurched. 

Whither  would  these  have  drifted  without  the  impulse 
to  duty  and  honesty  and  honor  that  rehgion  alone  can 
give,  if  there  had  been  no  welcome  here  from  some  apostle 
of  the  faith  in  which  they  were  born  and  in  which  their 
fathers  died  to  add  to  his  ministrations  to  their  spiritual 
wants  the  needed  moral  warning,  and  in  the  old,  familiar 
voice,  that,  though  governments  may  differ,  the  boundaries 
of  sin  and  virtue  are  the  same  now,  everywhere  and  eter- 
nally ; that  protection  in  the  exercise  of  one’s  own  rights 
does  not  mean  protection  in  the  abuse  of  another’s;  that 

62 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  63 


liberty,  in  short,  is  not  license,  and  that  ‘obedience  to  law 
is  liberty.’ 

I congratulate  you  on  the  presence  of  these  distinguished 
guests.  I particularly  congratulate  you  that  this  felicitous 
anniversary  finds  at  the  head  of  this  diocese  one  not  only 
most  reverend  in  title,  but  so  thoroughly  revered  and  loved 
in  fact  and  by  all  his  fellow-citizens. 

Massachusetts  is  proud  of  his  achievements  in  his 
chosen  and  sacred  calling,  proud  that  a Massachusetts  boy, 
sprung  from  the  ranks  of  her  poor,  should  by  sheer  ability 
have  won  recognition  and  honor,  not  from  his  church  alone, 
not  from  his  country  alone,  but  even  in  courts  on  the  other 
side  of  the  world.  She  is  prouder  to  find  that  the  brilliant 
scholar,  the  confidant  of  the  Vatican,  the  prelate  honored 
in  the  far  East  as  well  as  in  America,  is  still  in  the  best 
sense  a Massachusetts  boy,  an  American  citizen,  no  passive 
disciple,  but  an  ardent  apostle  in  the  ranks  of  those  who 
stand  for  sound  citizenship  and  patriotic  service. 

A century  may  be  spanned  by  the  passage  of  a single 
human  life.  It  may  be  covered  by  a single  page  of  history. 
It  is  but  a ripple  on  the  ocean  of  eternity.  Yet  a period, 
however  brief  in  the  eternal  records,  may  be  crammed  with 
changes  momentous  in  the  development  of  man.  It  is  but 
two  centuries  and  a half  back  to  the  evil  old  age  when 
Catholic  and  Protestant  persecuted  one  another  in  the  name 
of  religion,  when  Tilly  and  the  massacre  of  Magdeburg 
and  Cromwell  and  the  massacre  of  Drogheda  were  fresh 
and  hideous  memories  that  held  men’s  hearts  apart.  Two 
centuries  ago  such  a meeting  as  this  tonight  would  have 
been  impossible. 

The  governor  of  the  Puritan  province  could  not  thus 
have  met  the  princes  of  the  church,  they  could  not  thus 
have  met  him,  nor,  indeed,  at  that  time,  as  a matter  of  fact, 
if  not  of  law,  could  one  of  the  then  despised  Socinian  faith 


64  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


have  held  the  post  of  governor  in  any  colony  of  Puritan  or 
Catholic  origin. 

A century  ago,  when  this  diocese  was  founded,  there 
still  remained  in  the  free  commonwealth  a social  distrust, 
which  is  but  just  vanishing  with  the  dawn  of  the  broader 
Americanism.  It  is  our  happy  fortune  to  live  in  the  time 
when  men  daily  are  more  and  more  endeavoring  to  discover, 
not  the  evil,  but  the  good  in  their  neighbors,  when  we  be- 
lieve in  each  other’s  sincerity,  when  we  trust  in  each  other’s 
word,  when  we  are  proud  of  each  other’s  friendship,  when 
we  are  grateful  for  each  other’s  prayers.  Even  in  the 
century  when  Magdeburg  and  Drogheda  were  sending  up 
their  reek  of  horror  from  the  soil  of  the  old  world,  Cecil 
Calvert,  Lord  Baltimore,  the  Catholic  layman,  and  Roger 
Williams,  the  Protestant  clergyman,  were  publicly  laying 
in  the  new  world  the  foundations  of  religious  freedom. 

It  was  Williams  who  with  prophetic  vision  described 
the  coming  American  Commonwealth  as  a ship  in  which  the 
crew.  Catholic  or  Protestant,  Mohammedan  or  Jew,  urged 
by  a common  impulse,  governed  by  a common  law,  should 
work  in  harmony,  finding  that  the  progress  of  the  ship 
over  the  ocean  was  possible  only  by  the  help  of  all  and  that 
each  in  the  end  found  his  own  benefit  by  the  tolerance  of 
his  brothers. 

It  is  our  happy  fate  to  live  in  the  dawning  of  the  day 
that  is  making  that  ideal  real,  when  for  hate  for  every  re- 
ligion but  his  own,  man  is  learning  to  substitute  respect  for 
all  religions,  when  the  broader  study  of  history  shows  that 
factions  led  by  fanatics  have  ever  been  doomed  to  failure, 
shows  that  no  nation  of  agnostics  or  atheists  has  ever 
been  permitted  to  live,  when  instead  of  seeking  grounds  for 
difference  Americans  of  all  races  and  creeds  are,  on  the  con- 
trary, seeking  grounds  for  agreement,  when  it  is  difficult 
neither  for  the  American  descendant  or  Catholic  Irishman 


MARQUIS  BOUTHILLIER  DECHAVKiNY 


HON.  CHARLES  A.  I)E  COURCY 


HENRY  Y.  CUNNINGHAM 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  65 


to  praise  from  the  steps  of  the  altar  the  service  done  our 
common  country  by  its  Puritan  founders,  nor  for  the 
American  descendant  of  these  same  Protestant  Puritans  to 
welcome  and  acknowledge  the  strong  aid  given  to  sound 
American  government  against  its  greatest  enemies,  social- 
ism and  anarchy,  by  the  Catholic  church. 

“In  Principio,”  that  great  address  to  which  we  listened 
this  morning,  began  with  the  first  words  of  the  Book  of 
Books.  Its  noble  appeal  to  the  brotherhood  and  citizen- 
ship of  men  of  all  religious  faiths  rang  with  a spirit  of  in- 
spiration of  the  great  text  in  the  New  Testament: 

“Gloria  in  altissimis  Deo,  et  in  terra  pax  hominibus 
bonae  voluntatis.” 

“Doxa  en  hypsistois  Theo  kai  epi  ges  eirene  en  anthro- 
pois  eudokia.” 

The  dropping  of  a single  letter  may  change  the  trans- 
lation by  this  or  that  individual  man ; but  no  errors  of  man 
have  ever  been  able  or  will  ever  be  able  to  strike  at  the  heart 
of  that  divine  message.  Peace  to  all  the  earth  is  to  be  won 
to  the  glory  of  God,  and  the  path  upon  which  it  is  to  be 
sought  is  good  will  to  all  our  fellow-men.” 


Marquis  Bouthillier  deChavigny’s 

Address 


Monsignor — Guided  by  the  delicacy  of  your  heart 
and  that  generosity  of  mind  which  is  the  heritage  of  all 
truly  American  natures,  you  have  expressed  the  desire  that 
some  French  voice,  however  humble,  should  be  heard  at 
the  time  when  your  diocese  is  celebrating  the  anniversary 
of  its  foundation  by  a son  of  France.  I thank  you  for 
this  attention  in  the  name  of  that  France  which,  at  this 
moment,  suffers,  prays  and  hopes. 

I thank  you  for  it  in  the  name  of  this  ancient  church 
of  France,  which,  for  centuries  has  been  the  inexhaustible 
reservoir  of  the  Christian  faith  and  apostolate  from  which 
the  world  draws  without  limit ; . .in  the  name  of  that 
church  which,  at  the  moment  when  all  the  revolutionary 
forces  of  atheism  do  it  the  great  honor  of  unloosing  them- 
selves against  it  once  more,  gives  to  the  universe  the  sublime 
spectacle  of  an  absolute  and  filial  submission  to  the  chair 
of  Peter,  to  the  living  representative  of  Christ,  to  the  de- 
positary of  the  faith  in  its  integrity. 

I finally  thank  you,  monseigneur,  for  the  honor  you  have 
been  good  enough  to  do  to  me,  an  honor  which  falls  also 
upon  all  the  French-speaking  members  of  your  diocese  and 
which  they  share  with  me. 

Ladies  and  Gentlemen — The  revolutionary  troubles 
which  swept  France  during  the  closing  years  of  the  18th 
century  had  as  its  providential  result  the  scattering  over 
the  whole  world  of  noble  and  holy  souls  who  were  anxious 
to  devote  to  the  service  of  Christianity  the  apostolic  spirit 

66 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  67 


with  which  they  were  filled.  To  one  of  them — to  one  of 
these  illustrious  exiles,  you  owe  the  foundation  of  this  mag- 
nificent diocese  of  Boston,  whose  centenary  we  celebrate 
today. 

On  Oct.  3,  1796,  a French  priest,  hardly  28  years  old, 
the  Abbe  Cheverus,  disembarked  in  this  city  poorer  in  tem- 
poral possessions  than  the  last  of  the  immigrants  you  are 
receiving  every  day,  but  abundantly  endowed  with  all 
those  spiritual  riches  which  flow  from  the  practice  of  the 
three  sovereign  virtues:  Faith,  Hope,  Charity. 

The  humble  servant  of  God  found  to  receive  him  on 
his  arrival  only  another  disciple  of  the  divine  Master,  as 
poor  in  worldly  goods  as  himself,  but  with  a faith  ardent 
as  it  was  confident,  and  a heart  aflame  with  charity.  Let 
me  call  up  the  first  meeting  of  these  illustrious  founders 
of  your  diocese. 

We  almost  see  the  holy  priests  giving  each  other  the 
kiss  of  peace,  and  we  watch  them  as  they  pass  to  their  hum- 
ble lodging.  The  good  Fr.  Matignon  confides  to  his  pupil 
of  yesterday,  his  companion  of  today,  his  superior  of  to- 
morrow, the  grave  anxieties  which  weigh  upon  his  soul. 
He  recounts  the  almost  insurmountable  difficulties  wTich 
he  has  met  alone,  but  which  they  now  confront  together, 
in  the  evangelization  of  a flock  dispersed  over  a territory 
more  than  15,000  square  leagues,  through  all  the  extent 
of  which  Christ  has  not  a single  altar,  however  modest,  on 
which  to  lay  his  head.  He  tells  him  of  the  distrust,  nay, 
of  the  savage  hatred  by  which  he  is  and  they  are  to  be 
surrounded,  as  well  as  the  obstacles  which  this  distrust  and 
this  hate  accumulate  unceasingly  on  the  pathway  of  truth. 

Do  not  believe  that  the  saintly  missionary  thinks  for  a 
moment,  at  this  first  meeting,  of  reminding  his  young  com- 
panion of  the  material  privations  that  await  him.  The 
Abbe  Matignon  knows  his  disciple  better  than  that,  and 


68  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


he  is  not  at  all  ignorant  of  the  fact  that  such  privations 
will  be  for  him  the  source  of  new  joys.  But  the  hour  is 
not  for  joy,  even  the  most  holy.  It  must  be  entirely  con- 
secrated to  finding  the  most  suitable  means  for  facilitating 
the  spread  of  grace  in  the  souls  for  which  they  are  re- 
sponsible before  God. 

The  Abbe  Cheverus  listens,  reposeful  and  serious,  so 
that  already,  without  doubt,  there  is  under  divine  inspira- 
tion, a plan  of  action  forming  in  his  mind.  To  the  ma- 
terial difficulties  which  will  hamper  his  evangelical  zeal, 
he  will  oppose  prayer,  simple  like  his  needs  and  confident 
like  his  faith.  To  sectarian  hatred  he  will  reply  with  a 
sweet  charity  that  will  persuade  by  its  very  perseverance. 
To  unjust  distrust  and  frequently  to  coarse  prejudices,  he 
will  offer  the  spectacle  of  an  irreproachable  sacerdotal  life. 

Finally,  while  remaining  faithfully  attached  to  the  tra- 
ditions of  his  birth  and  to  the  memories  of  his  mother- 
land, he  will  identify  himself  with  the  customs,  the  spirit 
and  the  temper  of  the  country  of  his  adoption. 

Fie  will  love  its  institutions  which  he  will  make  his  own, 
and  defend,  should  the  need  arise,  with  his  blood.  He  will 
study  the  language  and  prefer  it  in  his  speech.  He  will 
take  part  in  all  the  noble  aspirations  of  the  young  national- 
ity in  the  midst  of  which  he  has  established  himself.  In  a 
word,  without  forgetting  what  is  due  to  the  country  of  his 
origin,  he  will  be  in  the  new  world  above  all  loyal,  in  the 
completest  sense  of  that  word,  to  the  American  flag,  with 
which  his  own  country — and  he  will  remember  it  not  with- 
out pride — had  the  honor,  a few  years  ago,  of  associating 
its  own  colors,  supported  by  its  sword. 

'^Let  us  now  go  back,  ladies  and  gentlemen,  to  the  clos- 
ing days  of  November,  1823.  Twenty-eight  years  have 
elapsed  since  the  arrival  of  Mgr.  Cheverus.  This  saintly 
missionary  has  been  bishop  of  his  diocese  for  13  years. 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  69 


An  order  from  the  king  comes  to  tear  him  from  the  flock 
to  which  he  belonged  with  his  whole  heart  and  soul,  and 
to  which  he  would  have  given  his  life.  The  order  is  posi- 
tive, and  a petition  signed  by  all  the  most  prominent  citi- 
zens of  the  country  without  distinction  of  religious  de- 
nomination, could  not  cause  it  to  be  revoked. 

The  hour  of  departure  has  sounded.  Around  the 
saintly  bishop  gathers  an  innumerable  crowd  of  people, 
all  moved  and  cast  down.  Protestants  as  well  as  Catho- 
lics surround  him.  Every  eye  is  wet  with  tears,  every 
heart  overflows  with  the  sorrow  due  to  a common  cause. 
What,  then,  has  the  humble  servant  of  God  accomplished 
in  so  rigidly  Protestant  a country  as  this,  that  his  depart- 
ure should  create  such  a ferment  in  the  minds  and  hearts 
of  all.? 

Mgr.  Cheverus  took  with  him  the  unanimous  regrets  of 
his  parishioners  and  of  the  Protestant  world,  because  as 
a priest  he  combined  in  his  person  all  the  apostolic  virtues 
of  the  apostle,  faith,  humility,  charity,  and  vanquished 
with  these  holy  weapons  the  most  obstinate  prejudices  by 
offering  to  all  the  most  perfect  type  of  the  Roman  Cath- 
olic priest.  Because,  as  a bishop,  he  simply  went  on  ex- 
ercising these  distinguished  virtues  by  carrying  them  even 
as  far  as  saintliness.  He  did  not  disdain,  as  you  know,  to 
go,  in  his  violet  robes,  cutting  wood  for  the  poorest  of  his 
parishioners,  thus  showing  that  the  Roman  Catholic  church 
had  within  it  the  purest  of  democratic  regimes,  and  the  only 
one  able  to  succor  effectively  the  poverty,  to  calm  the  hates, 
to  restrain  at  need  the  wrath  of  the  world’s  disinherited. 
Because  as  a man  of  the  world  he  knew  how  to  conquer 
and  charm  the  elite  of  Boston’s  society,  eager  then,  as  it 
is  today,  for  the  things  of  the  intellect.  And  by  this  he 
victoriously  demonstrated,  in  an  environment  where  Cath- 
olicism and  ignorance  were  regarded  as  synonymous,  that 


70  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


a Roman  Catholic  priest  could  be  at  once  a saint  before 
God  and  a great  savant  in  the  presence  of  men.  Because, 
as  citizen  and  patriot  he  was  seen  in  the  hour  of  danger 
on  the  ramparts,  spade  in  hand,  thus  showing  that  the  two 
titles  of  Roman  Catholic  priest  and  patriotic  citizen  belong 
together  and  cannot  be  other  than  closely  inter-connected. 

The  first  bishop  of  Boston  was  one  of  the  victims  of 
the  revolutionary  trouble  of  France.  He  had  quickly  dis- 
cerned that  this  revolution  was  but  the  bloody  prelude 
of  a struggle  to  the  death  between  two  tendencies,  between 
the  Christian  spirit  and  the  spirit  of  false  liberalism.  He 
could  not  but  recognize  that  the  latter  was  opposed  to  the 
former,  and  aimed  at  nothing  less  than  the  abolition  of  all 
revealed  religion,  at  a return  to  radical  atheism  or  to  a 
religion  vaguely  pantheistic,  which  would  only  mean  an 
approximation  to  pure  pantheism. 

In  his  thought.  Mgr.  Cheverus  was  ahead  of  his  time. 
He  had  perceived,  rising  above  the  horizon,  the  powerful 
American  democracy,  and  had  understood  the  role  reserved 
therein  for  the  Roman  Catholic  church,  a force,  regenerat- 
ing and  conservative,  at  once  guardian  and  regulator  of 
the  individual  and  the  public  conscience.  Finally  the  great 
bishop  knew  that  political  liberty  and  religious  hberty  are 
sisters  of  the  same  blood,  inseparable,  sustaining  each  other, 
and  that,  united  in  the  conscience  of  a nation,  they  assume 
its  greatness  by  strengthening  all  the  activities  of  the  body 
politic. 

That  portion  of  his  life  which  Bishop  Cheverus  con- 
secrated to  your  diocese  brilliantly  revealed  all  these  truths, 
and  it  is  for  this  reason  that  I ask  you  to  salute  with  me, 
in  our  first  bishop,  the  most  complete  type  of  what  an 
American  citizen  who  is  also  a Roman  Catholic  ought  to  be. 

Following  his  example,  prove  that  a Roman  Catholic 
is  not  a foreigner  at  home,  and  show  by  the  intelligence 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  71 


of  your  patriotism  that  our  religion  is  not,  as  they  try  to 
make  it  appear  in  certain  countries,  antinational.  Let 
your  life  be  a perpetual  demonstration  of  this  fact.  That 
the  glory  of  the  Catholic  church,  according  to  the  ex- 
pression of  Montalembert,  is  that  one  of  the  consequences 
and  conditions  of  its  immortahty  is  to  make  itself  every- 
thing for  all.  It  is  to  accommodate  itself  with  an  untir- 
ing flexibility  to  the  institutions,  the  manners  and  ideas  of 
all  countries,  in  all  centuries,  in  all  that  is  not  incompatible 
with  Christian  faith  and  virtue.  It  is  to  permit  all  its 
children  to  choose,  in  some  sort,  a particular  domicile,  to 
possess  their  own  patrimony,  in  the  midst  of  this  incom- 
parable unity  which  only  triumphs  over  everything  and 
survives  everything  by  its  universality  and  elasticity. 

Catholics  and  American  citizens,  never  lose  sight  of  the 
fact  that  after  the  service  of  God,  and  your  filial  submis- 
sion to  the  chief  representative  of  Christ  in  this  diocese, 
your  beloved  archbishop,  you  owe  your  respect,  your  de- 
votion, your  energy  to  the  flag  under  which  you  are  able 
to  pray  according  to  your  conscience.  Work  in  peace  far  off 
from  all  the  petty  jealousies  which  divide  and  destroy  other 
countries,  and  educate  your  children  according  to  the  prin- 
ciples which  recommend  themselves  to  you. 

The  two  titles  of  Roman  Catholic  and  citizen  of  the 
great  republic,  instead  of  being  incompatible,  complete  by 
strengthening  each  other.  By  holding  firmly  and  high, 
along  with  the  colors  of  Christ,  those  of  the  great  Ameri- 
can republic,  you  will  cause  your  doctrine  to  be  loved  and 
respected,  and  will  impose  yourself  more  and  more  as  an 
element  of  force,  of  security,  and  of  progress  in  the  noble 
country  which  is  every  day  growing  in  power  and  author- 
ity in  the  world. 

Finally,  in  the  life  of  Mgr.  Cheverus  there  is  another 
great  example  which  we  cannot  lose  sight  of.  The  noble 


72  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


bishop  could  not  have  accomplished  his  mission  if  he  had 
not  found  in  his  flock  love,  devotion,  obedience.  Our 
church  exists  only  by  and  for  the  practice  of  these  three 
virtues.  It  exacts  them  from  all  its  children  to  whom  they 
are  never  more  necessary  as  in  relations  with  their  spiritual 
chief.  By  a result  of  his  will,  very  mysterious,  but  in- 
finitely consoling  Providence  has  given  you  this  great 
proof  of  his  goodness;  that  of  choosing  for  you,  at  each 
stage  in  your  religious  history,  the  pastor  whose  particular 
virtues  were  best  suited  to  the  conditions  of  the  time.  As 
the  flock  of  the  great  Bishop  Cheverus  knew  how  to  ap- 
preciate his  virtues  in  their  time,  so  in  your  turn,  do  you 
appreciate  the  virtues  of  his  illustrious  successor.  By  your 
union  and  your  affection  make  easy  for  him  the  work  he 
undertakes  for  the  great  glory  of  our  church  and  the  well- 
being of  the  numerous  flock  conceded  to  his  care. 

Monsignor — How  can  I doubt  for  a moment  of  the 
respect  and  affection  of  your  beloved  children  in  God, 
when  I bear  in  mind  the  greatest  part  of  your  flock  is 
composed  of  sons  of  St.  Patrick  and  of  St.  Louis,  of 
children  of  these  two  great  nations  which  have  formed  for 
more  than  ten  centuries  the  royal  guard  of  Christ  and  his 
church  on  earth.  Wherever  blood  had  to  be  shed  for  the 
cause  of  freedom,  efforts  united  to  defend  or  promote  the 
doctrine  of  the  Redeemer,  France  and  Ireland  were  seen 
together. 

Today,  you  are  surrounded  by  that  same  royal  guard 
full  of  love  for  Your  Grace,  and  willing  to  help  you,  in 
spirit  of  filial  affection  to  accomplish  your  noble  mission 
in  this  diocese. 


PROF.  THOMAS  DWIGHT,  M.  D 


."  .i.  ■■  ‘ ■^'* ':  ^fS-  v^--  'W^ 

''^*  ‘ ipcix-  .-'■  f'  V'  ■< -k"-'  * ' isiw^'  --  ' '■» 


*i"  **  'J.  V • . 'JS  M t 

l:4'  '■■  ■ ■ -'■■.■.■■  ^<>  '‘^ 

■/'■-■'. ^SV- ■-'vj‘'“-^"4^-^  ■ ' :■■•••  -a  - 


t ■»  w ■’■•  "■^tB  * 

,1^  ‘ t . ; 


>•.' 


'^1^1  J 

' A '•;  • . A:>:  ^ . 


H on.  Charles  A.  DeCourcy’s  Address 


Like  a page  from  the  book  of  romance  runs  the  life 
story  of  Jean  Lefebvre  de  Cheverus,  first  Cathohc  Bishop 
of  Boston.  Born  January  28,  1768,  at  Mayenne,  the  cap- 
ital of  the  ancient  province  of  the  Lower  Maine,  he  entered 
life  under  the  most  favorable  auspices.  His  father,  Jean 
Lefevbre  de  Cheverus,  was  the  general  civil  judge  of  the 
city  and  duchy  of  Mayenne ; one  of  his  uncles.  Louis  Rene 
de  Cheverus,  was  rector  of  the  principal  parish;  the  other, 
M.  de  Champorain,  was  mayor. 

Like  most  men  prominent  in  the  religious  history  of  the 
world,  he  was  brought  up  in  a home  of  spiritual  influences. 
His  mother,  Anne  Lemarchand  des  Noyers  was  a rare 
woman,  whose  care  it  was  “to  inculcate  upon  her  children, 
by  example  even  more  than  by  precept,  the  fear  of  God, 
the  habit  of  prayer,  love  of  their  neighbor,  charity  to  the 
poor,  compassion  for  the  afflicted,  and  a love  for  w^hatever 
is  good,  honest  and  virtuous.” 

Thus  happy  is  his  birth  and  surroundings,  and  further 
endowed  with  brilliant  intellect,  he  matured  early.  At  the 
age  of  eleven,  when  admitted  to  his  first  communion,  his 
strongest  inclination  was  to  enter  the  ecclesiastical  profes- 
sion, and  the  following  year  he  received  the  tonsure  from 
the  hands  of  the  bishop  of  Dol. 

The  young  abbe  finished  his  studies  at  the  college  of 
Mayenne,  gaining  several  prizes.  His  father  concluded  to 
take  him  to  Paris  that  he  might  pursue  a higher  course  of 
study  at  the  college  of  Louis-le-Grand ; and  here  again 
he  was  esteemed  the  best  member  of  the  institution.  En- 
tering the  seminary  of  St.  Magloire  in  Paris,  he  devoted 

73 


74  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


liirnself  to  ecclesiastical  studies  and  attended  lectures  at 
the  Sorbonne,  and  at  the  age  of  22  he  was  ordained  deacon. 

This  was  in  October,  1790.  The  gathering  storm  was 
about  to  burst  upon  the  church.  The  property  of  the 
clergy  had  been  seized,  the  civil  constitution  decreed,  and 
the  schismatical  oath  required  of  all  priests  in  office  under 
the  penalty  of  ejectment.  To  take  priests’  orders  meant 
poverty,  persecution,  perhaps  death.  But  Abbe  Cheverus 
did  not  falter  in  his  life’s  mission.  A dispensation  as  to 
age  was  procured  from  Rome,  and  on  the  18th  of  Decem- 
ber, 1790,  he  was  ordained  priest  at  the  last  public  ordina- 
tion that  took  place  in  Paris  before  the  French  revolution. 

The  next  two  years  of  his  life  were  beset  with  persecu- 
tion. Ordered  from  his  parsonage,  driven  from  his  native 
city  Mayenne,  and  his  life  threatened,  he  was  obliged  to 
conceal  himself.  And  after  the  passage  of  the  resolution 
of  August  26,  condemning  to  banishment  those  priests  who 
had  not  taken  the  constitutional  oath,  he  decided  to  leave 
France,  and  embarked  for  England  in  September,  1792. 

Thus  ended  the  first  period  of  his  life  wdth  all  the  bril- 
liant promises  of  youth  apparently  blasted.  Yet  he  lived 
to  see  that  same  Mayenne  turn  out  en  masse  to  welcome 
him  thirty  years  later,  and  in  a complimentary  address 
apply  to  him  the  language  of  the  Jewish  people  to  Judith: 
“You  are  the  glory  of  our  country  (Tu  honorificentia  pop- 
uli  nostri).” 

He  arrived  in  England  practically  penniless.  With  the 
unflagging  energy  that  characterized  him  through  life,  he 
entered  at  once  upon  the  study  of  the  English  language. 
In  the  following  January  he  became  a teacher  at  a board- 
ing school  for  young  people.  A year  later  he  was  able  to 
speak  English  so  well,  that  he  was  permitted  by  the  Bishop 
of  London  to  exercise  all  the  clerical  functions  in  his  dis- 
trict. But  it  seemed  to  him  that  his  services  might  be 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  75 


better  employed  elsewhere,  where  priests  were  more  needed. 
Then  there  came  to  him  a letter  from  the  Abbe  Matignon, 
doctor  and  late  professor  of  the  Sorbonne,  whom  he  had 
known  at  Paris ; and  notwithstanding  the  entreaties  of 
friends  and  the  prayers  of  the  Bishop  of  London,  he  de- 
termined to  come  to  Boston,  where  he  arrived  October  3, 
1796. 

The  Boston  mission  at  that  early  day  embraced  all  of 
New  England,  and  the  Penobscot  and  Passamaquoddy 
tribes  of  Indians.  Its  history  had  been  a troublous-  one. 
Some  time  between  1784  and  1789  came  the  unfortunate 
pioneer.  Rev.  Claude  de  la  Poterie,  who  in  1788  secured  a 
ten-year  lease  of  the  old  Huguenot  chapel  on  School 
Street,  about  on  the  site  of  the  Five  Cents  Savings  Bank. 
On  November  2 he  celebrated  the  first  mass  in  “Holy 
Cross  church,”  and  a broadside  issued  by  him  January  29, 
1789,  states  that  the  church  was  then  indebted  to  work- 
men for  labor  and  materials  in  the  sum  of  £100.  After  a 
struggling  pastorate  he  left  in  the  following  July. 

Rev.  Louis  Rousselot  followed  him,  but  only  remained  a 
few  months.  January  4,  1790,  Rev.  John  Thayer  ap- 
pears ; a convert,  whose  controversial  tendencies  were 
hardly  calculated  to  enlarge  the  struggling  congregation 
of  100  in  a city  of  18,000.  August  20,  1792,  came  the 
benign  Francis  Matignon,  a learned,  cultured,  tolerant 
and  far-sighted  French  abbe,  ex-professor  of  the  Sor- 
bonne. This  was  the  real  beginning  of  a pastorate  proper 
in  Boston. 

A mission  with  such  a history  and  beset  with  a thou- 
sand difficulties  would  have  driven  to  despair  men  less  de- 
voted. But  with  true  missionary  spirit  Cheverus  trav- 
eled over  this  vast  region,  visiting  the  scattered  families 
hundreds  of  miles  apart,  and  wandering  in  the  woods 
among  the  Indians,  enduring  untold  privations  and  hard- 


76  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


ships.  On  this  part  of  his  labors  time  will  not  permit  us 
to  dwell.  It  is  the  oft-told  tale  of  missionaries  in  all  climes 
and  ages. 

After  the  second  year  Cheverus  was  largely  relieved  of 
his  mission  among  the  red  men  by  the  State’s  allowance 
for  a missionary  in  pursuance  of  a promise  made  by  Wash- 
ington to  the  Indians  for  their  assistance  during  the  Rev- 
olution. Thenceforward  Abbe  Cheverus  and  Abbe  Matig- 
non  occupied  modest  quarters  in  Leverett’s  lane.  “Those 
who  witnessed  the  manner  in  which  they  lived  together,” 
says  the  Boston  Monthly  Magazine  for  June,  1825,  “will 
never  forget  the  refinement  and  elevation  of  their  friend- 
ship ; it  surpassed  those  attachments  v/hich  delight  us  in 
classical  story  and  equalled  the  lovely  union  of  the  son  of 
Saul  and  the  minstrel  of  Israel.” 

These  two  saintly  and  learned  men  devoted  their  days 
and  nights  to  the  temporal  and  spiritual  concerns  of  their 
scattered  religious  family.  Under  their  zealous  ministry 
the  httle  congregation  at  Boston  steadily  increased  in  size, 
largely  from  the  early  immigrants  who  had  strayed  away, 
and  not  a little  from  conversions.  The  erection  of  a church 
was  agitated;  and  on  March  31,  1799,  at  a meeting  in  the 
School  Street  Chapel,  a committee  was  appointed  to  solicit 
contributions.  In  a relatively  short  time  the  subscriptions 
amounted  to  $16,153.52,  and — a significant  fact — on  that 
list  appears  signatures  of  140  Protestants,  representing 
the  leading  families  of  Boston. 

A lot  was  purchased  on  Franklin  Street,  and  Charles 
Bulfinch,  the  noted  architect  of  the  State  House,  offered 
to  furnish  plans  for  the  building.  Lawrence  Sargent  for 
a nominal  sum  painted  the  altar  piece;  and  Gen.  E.  Has- 
ket  Derby  presented  the  bell.  On  September  29,  1803, 
the  new  church  of  the  Floly  Cross  was  dedicated  by  Bishop 
Carroll,  assisted  by  four  priests;  a Gregorian  high  mass 
was  sung,  and  Abbe  Cheverus  preached  a sermon. 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  77 


On  the  eighth  day  of  April,  one  hundred  years  ago,  Pius 
VII  issued  his  brief  which  erected  Baltimore  into  an  arch- 
bishopric, and  established  four  suffragan  bishoprics,  Bos- 
ton, Philadelphia,  New  York  and  Bardstown,  Ky. ; and 
the  same  day  he  appointed  Abbe  Cheverus  to  the  bishopric. 
The  new  diocese  comprising  all  New  England  contained 
but  three  churches.  Holy  Cross,  his  cathedral  at  Boston, 
St.  Patrick’s  at  New  Castle,  Me.,  and  a log  chapel  in  the 
Indian  village  of  Pleasant  Point,  Me.  His  congregation 
in  Boston  had  already  increased  to  700  souls.  In  conse- 
quence of  the  troubles  which  then  agitated  Italy  and  the 
long  imprisonment  of  the  pope  by  Napoleon,  the  papal 
bull  did  not  actually  reach  America  for  two  years.  Chev- 
erus was  consecrated  bishop  in  the  Cathedral  church  of 
Baltimore  on  All  Saints’  Day,  1810. 

The  life  of  Bishop  Cheverus  necessarily  continued  to  be 
that  of  a missionary  priest.  His  saintly  life  and  untiring 
efforts  daily  increased  his  influence  for  good;  and  his 
reputation  extended  far  beyond  his  See.  When  Arch- 
bishop Carroll  died  in  1815,  his  successor,  Fr.  Neal,  realiz- 
ing his  own  age  and  infirmity,  petitioned  the  Holy  See  to 
associate  with  him  as  his  coadjutor  the  Bishop  of  Boston. 
But  Bishop  Cheverus  wrote  in  remonstrance,  ‘‘The  church 
of  Boston  has  become  to  me  a dearly  beloved  spouse,  and 
I have  never  thought  of  abandoning  her.”  And  when  at 
his  suggestion,  M.  Marechal  was  made  assistant  bishop  of 
Baltimore,  Bishop  Cheverus  wrote  to  Rome,  “I  pray,  I en- 
treat with  heartfelt  earnestness  that  I may  never  be  trans- 
ferred to  any  other  diocese ; that  I may  be  permitted  to  con- 
secrate all  my  cares  to  my  small  but  beloved  flock ; to  sacri- 
fice to  it  all  that  I have  to  sacrifice  myself.” 

In  1818  there  came  to  him  the  severest  blow  of  his  life 
when  his  beloved  associate.  Dr.  Matignon,  died,  in  the  65th 
3’^ear  of  his  age  and  the  26th  of  his  service  in  Boston. 


78  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


This,  indeed,  left  Cheverus  ‘desolate  and  forlorn,’  as  he 
wrote  to  Dr.  Bentley. 

•And  now  his  own  health  began  to  suffer.  A chronic 
asthma,  aggravated  by  the  harsh  New  England  weather^ 
was  making  inroads  upon  a body  weakened  by  overwork 
and  privations.  His  physicians  recommended  a change  of 
residence  if  he  would  save  his  life.  Still  he  resisted  every 
suggestion  of  leaving  his  beloved  Boston. 

But  the  call  came  at  last.  In  1822  the  French  am- 
bassador at  Washington  reported  to  France  the  poor  state 
of  the  bishop’s  health,  and  the  opinion  of  physicians  that 
a more  genial  climate  would  re-establish  it.  On  the  throne 
of  France  at  the  time  was  Louis  XVIII.,  who  had  known 
and  befriended  Cheverus  in  his  boyhood,  and  the  reputa- 
tion of  the  bishop’s  ability  made  the  king  strongly  desire 
his  assistance  in  the  task  of  re-establishing  the  church  in 
France. 

Early  in  1823  came  the  summons  from  Prince  de  Croy, 
grand  almoner  of  France,  which  announced  the  nomina- 
tion of  Cheverus  to  the  bishopric  of  Montauban.  Again 
his  duties  to  his  flock,  to  his  priests,  to  his  Ursuline  con- 
vent, and  the  community,  appealed  to  him  more  powerfully 
even  than  the  thought  of  returning  to  his  family,  and  the 
attractive  life  of  his  native  land.  And  after  days  of  anx- 
ious deliberation  he  wrote  to  the  grand  almoner  his  refusal 
and  the  reason  therefor. 

Later  there  came  a second  letter,  more  peremptory, 
and  conveying  the  express  wish  of  the  king.  His  health 
no  longer  permitted  him  to  answer  all  the  demands  made 
upon  him;  and  the  physicians  declared  that  he  could  not 
endure  another  winter  in  the  severe  climate  of  Boston,  and 
the  bishop  felt  it  impossible  for  him  longer  to  resist.  Dis- 
tributing all  his  possessions,  he  chose  to  leave  Boston  as  he 
came  to  it,  a poor  man;  and  he  carried  away  his  few  per- 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  79 


sonal  effects  in  the  same  trunk  which  he  had  brought  with 
him  27  years  before. 

This  ends  the  second  period  of  the  life  of  Bishop  Chev- 
erus,  the  31  years  spent  outside  his  native  France  and  es- 
pecially the  27  lived  in  Boston.  I cannot  better  summar- 
ize the  details  of  that  Boston  life,  nor  more  clearly  indi- 
cate the  extent  and  character  of  his  influence,  than  by  re- 
calling some  of  the  expressions  of  regret  called  forth  by 
his  departure.  “Although  settled  at  a great  distance  from 
me,”  wrote  the  archbishop  of  Baltimore,  “You  were,  next 
to  God,  my  greatest  dependence.  Will  it  be  possible  for 
me  to  govern  this  province  of  the  Church  after  your  de- 
parture ? 

From  the  affecting  address  of  the  Catholics,  I quote: 
“You  have  fed  the  hungry  and  clothed  the  naked;  brought 
back  the  wandering ; reclaimed  the  vicious ; shared  the  j oys 
of  the  happy;  softened  the  pains  of  the  suffering;  held 
the  medicinal  cup  to  the  sick  and  parched  lip,  and  taught 
the  dying  that,  through  faith  and  repentance,  he  might 
repose  his  hopes  on  the  bosom  of  redeeming  love.  You 
have  come  down,  as  it  were,  from  the  altar  of  God  to  the 
common  offices  of  mankind,  to  give  us  counsel  and  direc- 
tion in  our  temporal  concerns.  We  believe  it  seldom  hap- 
pens, that  one  so  devoted  to  things  divine  is  so  wise  in 
the  business  of  the  world;  and  this  wisdom  has  not  been 
shown  by  collecting  perishable  riches  for  yourself,  but  in 
striving  to  increase  intelligence,  comfort,  and  respectabil- 
ity, among  the  people  of  your  charge.  May  the  mild  cli- 
mate of  Montauban  restore  and  confirm  your  health,  and 
awaken  your  spirits  to  life  and  happiness,  and  may  God 
in  his  mercy  and  goodness  continue  you  for  many  years,  a 
name  and  a praise  in  the  Church.” 

"^Nor  are  we  confined  to  the  Catholic  community  for  wit- 
nesses to  his  merits  and  influence.  For  example,  the  Bos- 


8o  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


ton  Commercial  Gazette,  of  September  22,  1823,  states: 
“This  worthy  dignitary  of  the  Roman  Catholic  Church 
has  been  with  us  nearly  30  years,  and  during  this  period 
he  has  enjoyed  the  confidence  and  respect  of  all  classes  of 
people.  The  amenity  of  his  manners  as  a gentleman,  his 
accomplishments  as  a scholar,  his  tolerant  disposition  as  a 
religious  teacher,  and  his  pure  and  apostolic  life,  have 
been  our  theme  of  praise  ever  since  we  have  known  him. 
We  regret  his  departure  as  a public  loss.” 

Between  the  first  and  second  summons  from  France 
a letter  was  sent  to  the  grand  almoner,  signed  by  200  of 
the  leading  Protestants  of  Boston,  in  which  they  wrote: 
“It  is  impossible  for  us  to  make  known  to  you  by  any  words, 
how  entire,  grateful  and  beneficent  is  the  dominion  of 
Bishop  Cheverus  over  all  to  whom  he  administers  in  his 
apostolic  authority.  We  hold  him  to  be  a blessing  and 
a treasure  in  our  social  community,  which  we  cannot  part 
with,  and  which,  without  injustice  to  any  man,  we  may 
affirm,  if  withdrawn  from  us,  can  never  be  replaced.  We 
may  safely  assume  that  in  no  place,  nor  under  any  cir- 
cumstances, can  Bishop  Cheverus  be  situated  where  his 
influence,  whether  spiritual,  moral,  or  social,  can  be  so 
extensive  as  where  he  now  is.” 

'And  the  great  Unitarian  divine,  William  Ellery  Chan- 
ning,  voiced  the  general  sentiment  when  he  wrote:  “"V^Tio 
among  our  religious  teachers  would  solicit  a comparison 
between  himself  and  the  devoted  Cheverus.?  This  good 
man,  bent  on  his  errands  of  mercy,  was  seen  on  our  streets 
under  the  most  burning  sun  of  summer  and  the  fiercest 
storms  of  winter,  as  if  armed  against  the  elements  by  the 
power  of  charity.  He  enjoys  among  us,  what  to  such  a 
man  must  be  dearer  than  fame.  His  name  is  cherished 
where  the  great  of  the  world  are  unknown.  It  is  pro- 
nounced with  blessings,  with  grateful  tears,  with  sighs 


THE  CATHEDRAL  SANCTUARY,  DECORATED  FOR  THE 
CENTENNIAL  EXERCISES. 


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CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  8i 


for  his  return,  in  many  an  abode  of  sorrow  and  want.  How 
can  we  shut  out  hearts  against  this  proof  of  the  power 
of  the  Catholic  religion  to  form  good  and  great  men.^” 
October  15,  1823  Bishop  Cheverus  embarked  at  New 
York.  He  was  then  55  years  of  age.  The  mild  air  of 
southern  France  did  prolong  his  life,  as  his  congregation 
had  prayed;  for  he  lived  until  July  19,  1836,  and  to  an 
age  of  68  years.  On  those  last  13  eventful  years,  spent 
in  his  native  land,  time  will  not  permit  us  to  dwell.  Need- 
less to  say  they  were  years  of  devoted  and  fruitful  ser- 
vice. But  they  were  years  of  high  honors  as  well.  In 
1828  he  was  created  Archbishop  of  Bordeaux.  Charles 
X made  him  a peer  of  France  and  counselor  of  state,  and 
Louis  Phillippe  recommended  him  for  the  cardinal’s  hat, 
with  which  crowning  honor  he  was  invested  February  1, 
1836. 

Looking  back  over  the  27  years  of  his  Boston  life, 
with  a view  to  select  the  most  remarkable  element  in  his 
career — it  seems  to  me  that  the  most  significant  phase  of 
the  life  and  times  of  Bishop  Cheverus  lies  in  his  marvelous 
success  in  conquering  an  adverse  public  sentiment. 

In  order  to  appreciate  the  significance  of  this  trans- 
formation we  must  look  at  it  in  perspective.  When  Cheve- 
rus came  to  Boston  in  1796  he  entered  an  atmosphere  de- 
cidedly anti-Catholic.  The  fanaticism  inherited  from 
England  and  emphasized  in  the  theocracy  of  colonial  days 
still  found  expression  in  unjust  laws  and  hostile  public 
opinion.  As  Bishop  Carroll  wrote,  after  his  visit  to  Bos- 
ton in  1791,  “Many  here  even  of  their  principal  people, 
have  acknowledged  to  me  that  they  would  have  crossed  to 
the  opposite  side  of  the  street  rather  than  meet  a Roman 
Catholic  some  time  ago;  the  horror  which  was  associated 
with  the  idea  of  a papist  is  incredible.” 

How  complete  a change  his  ministrations  brought  about 


82  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


is  indicated  by  the  address  of  non-Catholics  to  the  grand 
almoner,  and  the  glowing  tribute  of  Channing  already 
quoted.  Let  me  add  a few  other  notable  instances. 

When  President  John  Adams  visited  Boston,  at  the 
great  public  dinner  tendered  him,  the  two  highest  places 
were  reserved  for  the  chief  magistrate  of  the  republic  and 
Bishop  Cheverus.  When  the  legislature  was  having 
drawn  up  a form  of  oath  to  be  taken  by  all  citizens  who 
appeared  at  elections,  it  is  stated  that  they  consulted  him 
as  to  its  form  and  accepted  that  proposed  by  him.  And 
when  he  opened  a subscription  for  the  purpose  of  erecting 
a Catholic  church  in  Boston,  President  John  Adams  was 
the  first  subscriber,  and  of  the  $16,000  raised,  more  than 
a fifth  was  contributed  by  Protestants. 

A change  so  vital  to  the  success  of  his  mission,  so  im- 
portant for  the  advancement  of  his  flock,  so  salutary  for 
the  wellbeing  of  the  community,  demands  our  considera- 
tion. What  brought  about  this  much-to-be-desired  trans- 
formation 

'One  cause  undoubtedly  was  his  lucid  and  eloquent 
preaching,  which  attracted  many  non-Catholics.  Chev- 
erus was  a talented  scholar,  thorough  master  of  Latin  and 
Greek,  as  well  as  French  and  English  and  Hebrew.  A 
Protestant  journal,  in  giving  some  account  of  a sermon 
preached  by  him  in  a Presbyterian  church,  says:  “It  is 
certain  that  his  discourses  are  well  calculated  to  remove 
prejudices  against  the  Catholics;  and  the  moderation  and 
even  affection,  with  which  he  speaks  of  men  of  different 
belief  from  his  own,  forms  a striking  contrast  to  the  vio- 
lent and  angry  language  that  sometimes  dishonors  Protes- 
tant pulpits.” 

'But  much  more  effective  than  his  preaching  was  the 
eloquent  influence  of  his  life.  The  spiritual  beauty  of  his 
character  has  already  been  indicated.  That  it  should  win 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  83 


wide  recognition  amid  even  prejudiced  men,  required  only 
that  it  should  be  known.  And  herein  Cheverus  uncon- 
sciously manifested  broad  wisdom  and  foresight  in  simply 
following  his  natural  dictates  of  charity  and  public  spirit. 

His  boundless  charity  was  well  calculated  to  break 
down  the  dead  wall  of  prejudice.  Not  only  did  he  give 
to  the  needy  all  his  income  after  providing  for  his  modest 
needs,  but  he  gave  himself.  When  the  yellow  fever  was 
raging  in  Boston,  he  went  from  house  to  house,  like  a con- 
soling angel  to  those  who  were  diseased.  And  he  visited 
Catholic  and  Protestant  alike.  For  as  his  biographer, 
Abbe  Dubourg,  says,  “he  could  not  comprehend  that  char- 
ity wuhch  is  confined  to  the  circle  of  good  men,  or  to  those 
who  agree  with  us  in  opinion,  and  regards  all  others  only 
with  coldness  and  indifference,  if  not  with  hatred.”  “If 
it  were  allowable,”  he  said,  “not  to  love  a man  because  he  is 
mistaken,  or  does  not  see  things  as  we  do,  charity  would 
be  banished  from  the  earth;  for  men  will  cease  )to  be  mis- 
taken only  in  heaven.”  He  resisted  with  energy  the  com- 
mon prejudice,  that  transforms  into  wicked  and  malevolent 
men  all  who  differ  from  us  in  religion  or  politics.  He  said 
that  “only  profound  ignorance  of  men  and  of  the  world 
could  entertain  such  a prejudice.”  “For  my  own  part,” 
he  added,  “I  have  met  with  good,  charitable,  obliging  and 
amiable  men  in  all  religious  sects,  and  in  every  political 
party.”  And  he  earnestly  desired  that  men  might  become 
convinced  of  this  truth,  to  the  end  that  difference  of  belief 
or  opinion  might  cease  to  be  an  occasion  of  hatred  among 
them,  and  an  obstacle  to  charity  and  a union  of  heart. 

His  favorite  maxim  w'as,  “Let  us  love  one  another.  If 
our  minds  are  divided  in  opinion  let  all  our  hearts  be  joined 
in  the  sentiment  of  mutual  charity ; let  us  be  united.” 

And  prejudice  could  not  exist  against  one  of  his  mani- 
fest public  spirit.  Realizing  that  he  had  cast  his  lot  with 


84  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


the  American  people  he  did  not  live  apart  from  that  people, 
withhold  his  own  interests  from  those  of  the  community, 
and  so  permit  ignorance  of  his  beliefs  and  character  to 
foster  misunderstandings,  suspicion,  and  enmity.  On  the 
contrary,  he  became  naturalized  as  a citizen,  threw  himself 
unreservedly  into  the  new  life  to  which  he  had  come,  and 
become  an  integral  and  active  part  of  it.  He  brought  the 
best  of  French  and  Catholic  character  into  unity  with  the 
best  of  American  life. 

' And  while  his  self-devotion  endeared  him  to  the  poor 
and  afflicted  and  his  public  spirit  to  the  general  community, 
his  culture  made  him  especially  welcome  among  the  refined. 
The  Boston  Monthly  Magazine  for  June,  1825,  says  of 
him : “He  was  friendly  to  our  literary  associations ; and 
when  IMr.  Shaw,  a gentleman  well  known  to  the  lovers  of 
literature  as  the  indefatigable  projector  of  the  Boston 
Athenaeum,  was  in  the  early  stages  of  his  efforts.  Bishop 
Cheverus  assisted  in  the  enterprise  by  liberal  donations 
from  his  extensive  library,  and  at  his  departure  from  this 
country,  in  dividing  his  books,  this  valuable  and  flourishing 
institution  was  not  forgotten.” 

As  he  was  an  active  force  in  the  private  and  civic  life 
of  the  community  in  time  of  peace  so  he  was  ready 
to  actively  contribute  to  its  defence,  in  union  with  his 
neighbors,  in  time  of  war;  and  during  the  war  of  1812 
he  and  his  flock  zealously  helped  in  the  construction  of 
ramparts  and  fortifications  for  the  protection  of  the  city. 

It  was  by  such  a life,  saintly,  learned,  charitable,  pub- 
lic-spirited and  known  of  all  men  that  he  dispelled  the 
prejudice  he  first  encountered.  It  was  the  influence  of 
such  a character  that  brought  about  the  transformation 
in  public  sentiment  and  enabled  him  to  reply  when  inter- 
rogated by  tlie  Holy  See  in  regard  to  the  state  of  his  mis- 
sion, “In  this  country  where,  only  a few  years  since,  the 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  85 


Catholic  church  was  anathematized  and  the  name  of  priest 
was  held  in  horror,  we  are  now  respected  and  beloved;  we 
are  thought  well  of  and  kindly  treated.” 

These  days  mark  the  ending  of  the  first  century  of 
our  diocese;  but  they  also  mark  the  beginning  of  the  sec- 
ond. In  entering  upon  its  duties  we  may  well  profit  by 
the  example  of  the  character  and  work  of  its  first  bishop. 
You  may  recall  that  suggestive  tale  of  the  orient,  that 
tells  of  the  death  of  a king,  and  the  choice  of  a successor 
from  among  his  three  sons.  It  was  decided  by  the  elders 
that  whichsoever  of  these  should  first  discern  the  light  of 
the  morning  sun  would  be  selected  as  the  ruler.  So  long 
before  daybreak  they  went  forth  upon  the  plain  beyond 
the  city  gates.  Two  of  them  eagerly  watched  the  east, 
while  the  third  looked  to  the  west,  where  the  mountains 
lifted  their  heads.  Before  the  sun  appeared  on  the  eastern 
horizon,  its  rays  lighted  the  western  mountain  tops.  And 
he,  who  looked  upward,  was  made  king  of  his  people. 


Henry  V.  Cunningham’s  Address 


The  history  of  a diocese  is  written  in  the  lives  of  her 
bishops.  The  voice  of  history  is  cold  and  dispassionate, 
but  the  deeds  of  great  men  are  recounted  with  love  by 
their  children. 

The  majestic  figure  of  Benedict  Fenwick  is  the  center 
of  the  illustrious  group  whose  achievements  we  celebrate 
at  the  closing  of  this  century. 

The  reign  of  terror  in  France  was  over.  Napoleon 
was  dead.  Order  and  the  Bourbons  were  restored,  and 
Louis  XVIII  recalled  the  exiled  Cheverus  back  to  his  na- 
tive land. 

Leo  the  XII  had  seen  Europe  torn  asunder,  kings  de- 
posed, dynasties  overthrown,  the  ambition  of  a despot 
supplanting  the  will  of  peoples,  and  his  own  predecessor 
persecuted  and  imprisoned.  But  in  America  he  saw  a free 
government  administered  by  a free  people — an  independent 
church  in  an  independent  state. 

'To  the  See  of  Boston,  the  home  of  American  liberty, 
he  would  send  a Bishop  of  American  birth  and  sympathy, 
a wise  leader  and  a fearless  teacher.  All  these  Leo  beheld 
in  Fenwick. 

Born  before  the  war  for  our  independence  was  over, 
in  Maryland,  where  the  Fenwicks  had  held  the  faith  since 
the  foundation  of  that  colony,  the  first  on  our  shores  dedi- 
cated to  religious  liberty. 

Georgetown  College  had  known  him  as  student,  teach- 
er and  president.  A Jesuit  he  was.  When  the  Society 
of  Jesus  was  recalled  to  the  service  of  the  Church,  young 
Fenwick  was  the  first  American  to  enlist  under  the  banner 
of  Ignatius  again  gloriously  unfurled. 

86 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  87 


From  the  first  days  in  the  priesthood  his  fields  were 
vast  and  his  labor  incessant.  New  York  owes  to  him  the 
organization  and  administration  of  her  diocese,  and  the 
establishment  of  her  first  school,  on  the  very  site  of  her 
present  magnificent  cathedral. 

To  Carolina  was  he  sent  to  suppress  schism  and  disorder 
at  Charleston.  This  he  accomplished  and  prepared  that 
diocese  for  the  coming  of  the  first  bishop,  the  learned  John 
England,  whose  gratitude  he  always  held.  Thus  equipped, 
Rome  chose  Fenwick  for  his  greatest  work  and  committed 
Boston  to  his  charge. 

He  came  alone,  unknown,  to  this  field  of  his  labor,  with 
no  friend  or  kindred  to  greet  him.  Unknown,  but  no 
stranger,  for  his  brother  Jesuits  had  long  preceded  him — 
Druillettes,  who  had  borne  the  friendly  message  from  the 
French  colonies  200  years  before — the  martyred  Rale,  slain 
with  his  beloved  Indians  in  the  massacre  of  Norridgewock — 
and  those  heroic  missionaries  to  the  Abenakis  Indians, 
whose  remnants  hold  the  faith  today. 

No  stranger  was  he  to  the  people,  for  he  came  as  their 
bishop  with  a divine  commission.  He  knew  his  flock,  and 
his  flock  knew  him. 

His  diocese  was  all  New  England.  He  found  here  the 
faith,  but  the  faithful  few  and  suppliant.  He  possessed 
the  truth  and  knew  its  power.  He  came  to  proclaim  and 
teach  the  truth — ^not  to  defend  and  explain  it. 

In  the  faith  of  his  people  he  saw  the  submission  of  the 
will ; he  demanded  more,  the  enlightment  of  the  intellect. 

True  religion  requires  that  we  shall  not  only  serve  God, 
but  know  him,  and  stand  forth  ever  as  exponents  of  the 
faith  within  us. 

On  him  was  the  responsibility  to  govern  and  to  teach; 
to  exercise  authority  and  demand  support;  to  command 
obedience  to  law  and  authority — for  where  the  power  of 


88  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


the  church  extends  anarchy  and  socialism  are  unknown. 
She  teaches  true  liberty  and  not  license,  true  authority  and 
not  despotism. 

'Fenwick  began  his  work  as  bishop  almost  without  a 
See.  His  priests  were  few,  his  churches  scattered.  There 
were  no  schools. 

With  the  zeal  and  ardor  of  an  apostle  he  labored  not 
only  as  bishop,  but  as  priest.  For  twenty  years  our  city 
knew  his  benign  rule  and  charity  as  bishop — his  sincerity 
and  polish  as  a gentleman — and  his  probity  as  a Christian. 

No  more  conservative  was  Fenwick,  waiting  to  act  until 
impelled  by  some  present  need.  He  saw  the  destiny  of 
our  country  and  planned  a great  future  for  his  diocese. 
He  acted  to  inspire  progress,  not  fearing  criticism. 

To  tell  the  increase  of  churches  and  people  would  be  to 
state  familiar  history.  He  took  no  gratification  in  mere 
increase  of  numbers.  To  satisfy  him  the  influence  of  the 
church  must  also  increase.  Greater  numbers  meant  to  him 
a greater  power  for  good  and  a corresponding  increase 
of  responsibility  both  for  him  and  his  people.  His  was 
not  the  only  responsibility ; there  was  a great  duty  on  his 
people  to  support  him.  And  this  support  never  failed. 
His  voice  was  always  heard  when  he  had  the  power  to 
speak. 

But  we  are  all  children  of  our  bishop  and  if,  at  times, 
he  does  not  publicly  condemn  our  faults,  it  is  to  allow  his 
erring  and  repentant  children  to  return  to  a loving  and 
forgiving  Father  without  the  scorn  of  an  unforgiving 
world.  His  duty  is  to  “implore  blessings  and  not  to  pro- 
nounce execrations.” 

Fenwick  not  merely  administered  this  diocese — he  cre- 
ated it.  In  the  performance  of  his  greater  works,  Fen- 
wick never  abridged  his  work  of  the  day.  To  him  every 
act  was  of  divine  service. 


ARCHBISHOP  O’CONNELL  IN  FULL  PONTIFICAL  ROBES,  GOING  TO  THE 
CATHEDRAL,  CARDINAL  GIBBONS  IMMEDIATELY  BEHIND 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  89 


It  was  as  a teacher  that  Fenwick’s  great  talents  as 
bishop  were  displayed.  He  educated  the  priests,  the  youth 
and  the  people.  Our  own  seminary  is  but  the  successor 
of  his  household,  where  his  students  were  to  him  like  another 
self.  His  table  and  his  roof  were  theirs.  Taught  from 
his  own  lips,  and  consecrated  by  his  own  hands,  Fr.  Fitton 
and  his  companions  came  forth  into  the  priesthood. 

His  first  care  on  coming  to  his  charge  was  to  estab- 
lish the  cathedral  school.  On  the  Charlestown  hill  was 
the  beautiful  site  of  the  Ursulines ; he  made  the  convent 
and  school  of  Mt.  Benedict  to  flourish  there.  The  college 
of  the  Holy  Cross  honors  him  as  its  founder,  and  to  this 
charge  he  summoned  his  own  society. 

Never  more  than  today  were  the  Jesuits  needed  by  our 
church  and  country.  Teaching  the  truth,  they  stand  by 
the  church  and  faith  of  their  fathers.  Vowed  to  lives  of 
poverty  and  seeking  no  pension,  they  stand  incorruptible 
against  the  temptation  of  a subsidizing  plutocracy,  which 
would  banish  God  and  religion  from  the  college  to  set  up 
a morality  without  a sanction. 

To  instruct  and  inform  the  people  he  saw  the  power 
of  the  press.  The  church  exists  for  all  men.  Her  teach- 
ings and  counsels  must  always  be  proclaimed;  not  only  for 
the  enlightment  and  direction  of  the  faithful,  but  for 
notice  to  the  world.  He  published  a journal  and  called 
it  the  Jesuit,  a title  unequivocal  and  comprehensive. 
Without  interruption  has  it  continued,  in  later  times  as 
The  Pilot.  And  in  this  centennial  year  it  returns  to  the 
successor  of  Fenwick  for  the  spread  of  truth  and  the  cor- 
rection of  error. 

As  a protector  of  the  weak  and  oppressed,  the  poor 
Indians  in  the  remote  parts  of  his  diocese  were  the  objects 
of  his  visits  and  ministrations. 

For  the  immigrant  who  loved  the  soil  and  knew  not  the 


90  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


city,  he  founded  that  town  which  bears  his  name,  Bene- 
dict a,  in  Maine’s  most  fertile  county.  By  the  continued 
thrift  and  sobriety  of  her  all  Catholic  people,  Benedicta 
remains  today  a monument  to  his  wisdom  and  foresight. 

With  no  bitterness  but  that  the  truth  of  history  shall 
be  spoken,  the  lurid  scene  on  Ursuline  hill  in  Charlestown 
on  that  August  night  in  1834,  must  be  recalled,  the  home 
of  innocent  and  defenseless  women  and  children  burned 
and  sacked  by  men  of  Massachusetts.  But  if  there  were 
those  guilty  of  this  base  outrage,  there  were  also  men, 
not  of  our  faith,  who  arose  in  condemnation.  Never  was 
Fenwick’s  power  so  manifest.  He  counseled  peace  when 
a word  from  him  would  have  aroused  a war  of  retaliation. 

Never  was  the  power  of  church  or  bishop  called  to 
subdue  a more  righteous  wrath  of  an  outraged  people. 
While  the  embers  still  glowed,  he  preached  upon  forgive- 
ness, and  in  his  own  person  manifested  the  charity  which 
Christ  descended  on  earth  to  spread. 

But  if  the  Ursulines  were  driven  out,  the  Sisters  of 
Charity  came  into  Massachusetts — not  offering  resistance 
to  the  mob,  but  showing  that  true  charity  exists  in  our 
church,  and  that  we  love  our  enemies  and  will  minister  to 
them. 

Fenwick  saw  the  product  of  his  works — an  able  and 
zealous  priesthood — churches,  schools  and  convents  found- 
ed— Holy  Cross  College  established — his  people  loyal  and 
enlightened — his  successor  named — familiar  with  his  plans 
and  hopes. 

His  work  was  never  done — he  toiled  to  the  end — ^but 
nothing  remained  undone.  He  responded  to  death’s  call 
with  his  day’s  work  accomplished  and  the  morrow’s  pre- 
pared. 

He  died  upon  the  anniversary  of  the  Ursuline  confla- 
gration— mourned  by  the  whole  city.  His  funeral  brings 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  91 


vividly  to  mind  the  changes  he  wrought  in  the  feeling  of 
the  citizens  of  Boston. 

His  body  borne  through  her  streets  toward  his  own  Holy 
Cross,  escorted  by  the  crucifix  with  two  bishops,  the  great 
Hughes  of  New  York  and  our  own  Fitzpatrick,  in  their 
robes  of  office  leading  a corps  of  priests  chanting  the 
Miserere. 

Thus  departed  Fenwick  from  the  city  of  his  labors. 

Contrast  this  scene  with  the  night  of  August  12  years 
before;  and  we,  citizens  of  Boston,  contrast  it  with  the 
scene  in  the  streets  of  London  but  a few  weeks  ago,  when 
the  God  of  her  people  was  forbidden  the  homage  of  her 
citizens. 

We  honor  Fenwick  as  the  successor  of  the  apostles  in 
this  our  own  city — who  kept  his  sworn  faith  to  the  Holy 
See — the  teacher  of  his  flock — ^the  protector  of  the  weak 
and  the  oppressed,  and  the  preserver  of  the  faith  and 
morals  of  his  people. 

Your  Grace — enhghtened  by  his  faith,  animated  by 
his  hope,  fortified  by  his  prayers  we,  your  people  of  Bos- 
ton, pledge  to  you,  the  successor  of  Fenwick,  our  loving 
fealty. 


Hon.  M.  J.  Murray’s  Address. 


The  third  bishop  of  Boston  was  born  in  that  city  in 
1812 — a year  forever  memorable  in  the  annals  of  Ameri- 
can history — of  Celtic  parents,  both  of  whom  were  of  a 
deeply  religious  nature,  the  father  being  a close  friend  of 
Cheverus  and  Matignon.  In  fact  these  two  distinguished 
churchmen  were  among  the  circle  of  friends  present  at  his 
baptism,  and  the  former  was  a close  and  interested  ob- 
server of  John  Bernard  Fitzpatrick  forever  after. 

In  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city,  he  began  a course 
of  study,  early  winning  distinction  at  old  Fort  Hill  and 
later  in  the  famous  Boston  Latin  School. 

Being  the  only  Catholic  in  his  class,  his  religion  as  well 
as  his  brilliant  work  made  him  an  object  of  special  interest 
to  all  his  classmates. 

Of  sincere  and  pious  practices,  the  occasional  jeer  of 
some  thoughtless  soul  made  no  impression  on  his  young 
mind. 

The  early  hours  of  Sunday  morning  found  him  at  Di- 
vine Service,  and  his  strict  virtues  then  manifest  won  many 
friends  of  those  who  were  of  another  faith.  For  the  schools 
of  Boston  he  always  cherished  a feeling  of  the  deepest 
gratitude.  He  remembered  them  as  the  avenue  that  first 
opened  for  his  young  mind  the  pathway  to  an  ample 
knowledge. 

Assiduously  did  he  apply  himself  at  school,  and  most 
abundantly  were  his  efforts  rewarded. 

His  proficient  work  and  pious  life  led  the  illustrious 
Bishop  Fenwick,  whose  successor  he  was  later  to  become, 
to  suggest  to  the  parents  of  the  promising  boy  a career  at 

92 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  93 


college  and  shortly  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  on  his 
way  to  enter  Montreal  College,  where  for  eight  years  he 
was  to  win  new  laurels  and  continue  his  preparation  for 
the  mighty  responsibilities  of  the  busy  and  active  life  that 
waited  him. 

His  most  remarkable  achievement  in  this  northern  col- 
lege was  the  successful  conduct  before  the  faculty  of  a 
disputation  in  four  languages  which  earned  for  the  young 
student  the  highest  praise,  and  a professorship  in  rhetoric, 
which  chair  he  held  for  several  years  when  he  returned  to 
his  home  and  parents. 

To  better  fit  himself  for  the  priestly  career  for  which 
his  mental  equipment  and  holy  life  admirably  adapted  him, 
our  young  friend,  at  the  suggestion  of  Bishop  Fenwick, 
left  Boston  to  undertake  his  final  course  of  study  in  the- 
ology in  the  Seminary  of  St.  Sulpice  at  Paris. 

Before  leaving  the  scenes  of  his  youth  on  this  most  im- 
portant and  sacred  errand  he  was  the  recipient  of  a marked 
compliment  from  his  fellow  citizens  at  Faneuil  Hall,  at  an 
Annual  School  Dinner  in  1837,  attended  by  the  Mayor  of 
the  City  and  the  President  of  Harvard  College.  Major 
Russell,  a leading  citizen  of  that  day,  presented  the  young 
collegian  as  “a  native  of  the  City,  about  to  visit  France  to 
perfect  his  studies,  and  as  one  of  whom  Boston  and  her 
schools  might  well  be  proud.” 

Across  the  ocean  he  went,  followed  by  the  best  wishes 
of  a large  circle  of  admiring  and  expectant  friends.  That 
they  were  not  to  be  disappointed  in  their  hopes,  his  record 
at  the  Seminary  amply  attested. 

In  a class  of  200  students  he  took  and  maintained  a 
leading  rank.  The  hours  apart  from  scholastic  work,  in 
this  most  beautiful  city,  were  largely  spent  in  the  study  of 
church  architecture  and  the  most  famous  pulpit  orators  of 
the  French  metropolis. 


94  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


In  class  work  the  same  glorious  success  crowned  his  la- 
bors. Brilliantly  and  conscientiously  did  he  perform  every 
task  set  before  him,  and  at  the  conclusion  of  his  studies 
left  the  Seminary  for  his  life  work,  one  of  God’s  anointed, 
to  shed  new  lustre  upon  a school  of  theology,  famous  the 
world  over  for  the  profound  erudition  and  singular  vir- 
tues of  the  many  illustrious  men  already  furnished  by  it 
to  the  Church  and  to  religion. 

The  sole  representative  in  the  Seminary  of  his  native 
land,  most  thoroughly  did  his  work  justify  the  discretion 
of  the  ecclesiastical  Superior  that  sent  him  hither. 

Here  was  formed  the  friendship  of  Bishop  De  Goes- 
briand,  later  first  Bishop  of  Vermont,  who  informs  us  that 
in  those  days  the  honored  Superior  of  the  Sulpicians  pre- 
dicted “that  young  Fitzpatrick  would  one  day  rise  to  a 
high  position  in  the  church  of  God  and  become  an  orna- 
ment to  the  Hierarchy.” 

How  prophetic  this  now  appears  in  the  light  of  the  later 
estimate  of  Archbishop  Bedini  that  the  subject  of  this 
paper  was  “one  of  the  three  greatest  Bishops  of  the  United 
States.” 

Receiving  Holy  Orders  in  1840,  when  27  years  of  age, 
the  young  clergyman  hopefully  turned  his  face  home- 
ward to  receive  first  the  longed-for  blessing  of  the  Chris- 
tian parents  who  had  watched  their  son’s  remarkable  ad- 
vance with  a truly  pardonable  pride.  That  the  young  and 
energetic  priest  fully  valued  the  real  dignity  of  his  station, 
may  reasonably  be  gathered  from  the  following  lines  in 
a letter  written,  at  the  time,  to  a dear  friend: 

“I  am  now  wholly  and  irrevocably  consecrated  to  God. 
The  Lord  is  my  portion  and  my  inheritance,  and  His  House 
will  be  my  dwelling  forever.”  “You  must  pray  that  every 
day  by  increase  of  fervor  I may  supply  what  may  have 
been  wanting  in  the  sincerity  and  universality  of  my  offer- 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  95 


ing;  that  my  sacrifice  may  be  without  reserve,  and,  above 
all,  without  return  to  anything  this  world  can  offer;  that 
all  my  toils  and  labors,  all  my  talents  and  capacities,  all 
my  days  of  life,  may  be  to  the  last  breath  devoted  gener- 
ously and  exclusively  to  the  service  of  God  and  the  salva- 
tion of  souls.” 

Truly  here,  at  the  very  beginning  of  his  sacerdotal  life,  we 
find  existing  the  very  highest  ideals.  For  God  and  coun- 
try he  was  to  labor;  the  applause  of  this  world  was  to  be 
forever  carefully  shunned  by  the  young  divine.  In  his 
first  assignment  at  the  Cathedral,  by  his  winsome  person- 
ality, his  noble  sympathetic  heart,  all  soon  grew  to  love 
him.  The  poor  and  sick  were  his  first  concern. 

After  a twelve  month  at  St.  Mary’s  he  was  given  a 
charge  at  East  Cambridge  where  he  soon  built  a splendid 
edifice  for  his  devoted  parishoners. 

On  more  than  one  occasion  where  special  tact  was  re- 
quired to  relieve  the  strain  of  local  difficulty  which  had 
arisen  in  the  diocese,  the  watchful  eye  of  his  Superior  chose 
him  for  the  delicate  mission  and  always  with  uniform  suc- 
cess. Out  of  confusion  his  patience  and  master  hand 
brought  peace  and  harmony. 

His  selection  therefore  in  1844  at  Bishop  Fenwick’s  sug- 
gestion as  coadjutor  was  but  natural,  and  yet  the  humility 
of  this  true  priest  made  him  tremble  at  the  very  thought  of 
so  grave  a responsibility. 

Elevated  to  the  Episcopacy  at  Georgetown,  at  the  hands 
of  the  great  and  good  man  who  had  been  his  close  friend 
and  adviser  from  early  youth  and  because  of  the  latter’s 
failing  health,  the  newly  consecrated  Bishop  found  him- 
self almost  at  once  in  practical  control  of  the  diocese. 
Within  two  years  his  tender  heart  was  to  be  saddened  by 
the  death  of  the  man,  whose  noble  Christian  ideals  he  had 
already  embraced  for  his  own  guidance  and  direction. 


96  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


In  1846,  when  sole  charge  of  affairs  came  into  his  hands, 
the  Church  was  entering  on  a most  trying  period  of  its 
existence. 

The  atmosphere  of  New  England  up  to  this  hour  had 
been  inimical  to  its  growth,  and  was  now  fast  assuming  a 
most  ugly  aspect  toward  everything  savoring  of  Catholi- 
cism. True  the  Catholic  population  was  augmenting,  and 
at  this  time  Boston  contained  thirty-two  thousand  mem- 
bers of  the  faith.  Yet  this  very  growth  was  exciting  the 
wildest  and  most  senseless  fears  and  suspicions.  Bigotry 
and  prejudice  were  everywhere  vehement,  and  a wise  and 
sagacious  leader  was  required  at  the  helm. 

The  diocese  now  embraced  the  States  of  Maine,  New 
Hampshire,  Vermont  and  Massachusetts,  the  latter  num- 
bering some  fifty  thousand  Catholics,  with  a score  of 
priests  to  administer  to  their  wants,  while  the  former  States 
had  approximately  twelve  thousand  souls  and  less  than  a 
dozen  priests. 

Surely  these  were  the  days  that  tried  men’s  souls.  All 
these  noble  pioneers  have  now  passed  on  to  their  reward. 
No  hardship  was  too  great  for  them  to  bear,  no  sacrifice 
too  bitter  to  undergo  for  the  sake  of  their  religion.  They 
bowed  uncomplainingly  to  any  fate,  trusting  to  Provi- 
dence, as  they  persistently  preached  His  gospel  and  blazed 
the  way  for  those  who  were  to  come  after  them. 

Stern  was  the  stuff  of  which  they  were  made  and  great 
was  the  debt  which  moves  from  us  to  them. 

Opposition  and  discouragement  to  the  Church  and  its 
progress  were  constantly  appearing.  The  wave  of  intol- 
erance was  rallying  for  its  final  stand,  which  culminated  in 
the  political  revolution  of  1854,  placing  a Know  Nothing 
governor  in  office,  fortified  by  a Senate  and  House  in  en- 
tire sympathy  with  the  political  upheaval. 

To  appreciate  the  better  these  times  let  us  briefly  note 


ARCHBISHOP  FALCONIO  PRECEDED  BY  HIS  CHAPLAINS,  FATHERS  MILLERICK 
AND  MORIARTY,  ON  THE  WAY  TO  THE  CATHEDRAL 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  97 


some  of  the  results.  Holy  Cross  College,  located  at  Wor- 
cester, was  refused  its  prayer  for  a charter  at  the  hands  of 
the  Legislature.  The  Catholic  clergy  were  refused  admis- 
sion to  public  institutions,  the  last  consolations  of  religion 
denied  to  the  inmates,  women  and  children  ruthlessly  in- 
sulted on  the  public  streets,  and  the  most  unprovoked  at- 
tacks made  upon  Catholics  and  their  churches.  The  folly 
of  this  movement  reached  a frenzied  climax,  thus  has- 
tening is  own  death  at  the  hands  of  the  people,  when  this 
same  Legislature  passed  a resolution  authorizing  the  ap- 
pointment of  a special  committee  to  invade  the  privacy  of 
“boarding  schools,  academies,  nunneries,  convents,  and 
other  institutions  of  a like  character”  and  report  their 
findings  thereon.  Holy  Cross  College,  Notre  Dame  School, 
Roxbury,  and  a Catholic  School  at  Lowell  were  visited  by 
this  committee,  when  the  Boston  Advertiser  brought  a halt 
to  its  unwaranted  proceedings,  by  a report  in  its  columns 
of  April  5th,  1855.  Well  may  the  names  of  Charles  and 
Nathan  Hale,  the  then  editors  and  proprietors  of  the  Ad- 
vertiser, be  held  in  grateful  remembrance  even  today  by 
the  Catholic  people  of  Massachusetts.  As  a result  of  this 
expose  the  committee  itself,  and  its  workings,  were  investi- 
gated, and  one  of  its  members  with  an  unwholesome  name, 
was  expelled  from  the  body,  because  of  indecent  conduct 
while  in  the  performance  of  an  official  duty.  Charles 
Hale’s  review  of  their  work  appealed  directly  and  effec- 
tively to  the  Massachusetts  sense  of  fair  play,  when  he  de- 
clared that  “if  such  a condition  could  be  tolerated,  chiv- 
alry, decency  and  humanity  had  departed  from  the  old 
Bay  State.” 

A series  of  events  following  in  rapid  succession  were  cal- 
culated to  exasperate  Catholics  and  induce  them  to  acts 
of  violence,  but  their  great  leader  counseled  peace  and  for- 
bearance. The  Manchester  Riot,  and  the  blowing  up  of  a 


98  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


church  in  Dorchester  on  July  4th,  1854,  were  quietly 
passed  over  by  him.  But  an  episode  in  the  schools  of  Bos- 
ton in  1859  stirred  this  majestic  intellect  to  positive  action. 

A boy  of  tender  years  was  severely  punished  for  refus- 
ing to  repeat  the  Lord’s  Prayer  and  the  Ten  Command- 
ments after  a non-Catholic  formula.  The  teacher  was 
brought  into  the  Court  charged  with  assault  and  battery 
but  found  not  guilty  at  the  conclusion  of  the  trial. 

Sidney  Webster,  a well-known  lawyer,  appeared  for  the 
government  in  that  case,  and  made  a most  admirable  argu- 
ment for  the  prosecution.  Bishop  Fitzpatrick’s  interest 
now  lay  in  another  direction.  An  issue  involving  a consti- 
tutional right  was  at  stake  and  to  its  solution  he  generously 
devoted  himself. 

A Boston  boy,  born  and  bred,  a prelate  of  the  Catholic 
Church  in  a land  which  boasted  of  its  civil  and  religious 
liberty,  this  leader  whose  natural  inclination  was  to  avoid 
the  public  eye  could  no  longer  remain  in  silence  and  re- 
tirement. The  occasion  called  for  both  instant  and  tactful 
action,  and  here  did  the  bishop  shine  with  particular  dis- 
tinction. 

In  a letter  to  the  Boston  School  Board  he  frankly  and  re- 
spectfully pointed  out  that  the  fatal  objection  to  such  a 
practice  in  the  schools  ‘‘was  founded  on  individual  con- 
science and  individual  faith.” 

Listen  to  the  concluding  sentence,  which  stirred  the 
Board  and  brought  a genuine  change  in  the  popular  atti- 
tude toward  the  church  and  its  followers  in  Massachusetts 
at  that  time : “Today,  however,  circumstances  known  to  all 
seem  to  make  it  a duty  for  the  undersigned  to  act  and 
speak.  He  does  so  without  reluctance  since  it  is  a duty,  and 
he  hopes  that  what  he  has  said  will  be  received  as  it  is 
spoken,  with  a spirit  of  conciliation,  and  with  a true  dispo- 
sition to  promote  good  will  and  charity  among  all  classes 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  99 


of  citizens.”  This  calm  appeal  to  reason  had  the  desired 
effect. 

The  school  episode  was  over,  the  expelled  boys  returned 
to  their  classes,  the  odious  regulations  were  repealed,  and 
within  a few  weeks  the  Protestant  citizens  of  Boston,  to 
their  great  credit  and  for  the  first  time  in  its  history, 
elected  a Catholic  priest  and  several  Catholic  laymen  to 
membership  on  the  school  board. 

I have  recited  these  facts  only  historically  and  not  for 
the  purpose  of  exciting  animosity.  The  name  and  person 
of  the  bishop  were  respected  and  honored  by  Boston’s  best 
and  truest  citizens.  His  scholarly  attainments  and  great 
culture  made  him  much  sought  for  socially  by  the  non- 
Catholics  of  the  city,  but  his  profound  humility  and  the 
demands  of  a busy  life  made  it  quite  impossible  for  him 
to  figure  in  this  field.  He  numbered,  however,  among  his 
close  and  intimate  friends  the  leading  families  of  Boston. 
It  ’was  during  the  50’s  that  he  was  invited  to  become  one 
of  the  incorporators  of  The  Thursday  Evening  Club,  a 
company  of  unusual  literary  merit,  the  organizer  of  which 
was  Dr.  Warren,  the  father  of  John  Collins  Warren.  In 
this  cultivated  and  refined  company  the  bishop  passed 
many  delightful  hours. 

Numerous  converts  were  received  into  the  Church  dur- 
ing his  administration.  In  one  confirmation  class  of  sixty, 
some  thirty  were  native  converts,  and  the  character  of  some 
of  these  becomes  quite  as  interesting  as  their  number. 

His  whole  demeanor  and  thorough  going  Americanism 
were  such  as  to  allay  suspicion,  and  invite  the  large  meas- 
ure of  confidence.  Like  a true  captain  in  the  Lord’s  vine- 
yard, he  held  tenaciously  to  his  own  views,  while  enter- 
taining the  kindliest  feelings  for  all  who  lived  apart  from 
them. 

Perhaps  his  most  distinguished  convert  was  philosoplier 


100  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


and  economist  Orestes  A.  Brownson,  received  into  the 
church  in  1844,  and  whose  Quarterly  Review  was  eagerly 
read  by  the  best  and  clearest  minds  of  the  land.  Brownson 
was  a frequent  caller  at  the  house  and  table  of  the  bishop, 
whose  intellectual  force  and  strong  character  had  drawn  to 
him  in  closest  admiration  the  most  leading  scholar  and 
thinker  of  his  day. 

The  outbreak  of  the  Civil  War  was  another  of  those 
emergencies  calling  for  attention,  and  the  bishop  ordered 
prayers  in  all  the  churches  of  the  diocese  for  the  success  of 
the  Union,  from  which  time  until  Appomatox  was  written 
into  history,  his  whole  being  was  in  sympathy  with  Gov. 
Andrew’s  aim  that  Massachusetts  should  stand  foremost 
among  the  states,  in  earnest  support  of  the  immortal  Lin- 
coln and  his  policies. 

My  enquiries  have  failed  to  elicit  information  about  his 
writings,  if  in  fact  any  exist.  The  general  opinion  seems 
to  be  that  more  urgent  duties  prevented  any  work  of  a 
purely  literary  nature  from  the  pen  of  this  richly  endowed 
man,  a situation  which  must  ever  invite  regret.  Generously 
he  gave  himself  for  ten  years  to  diocesan  work,  without  a 
secretary  or  vicar  general,  and  the  development  of  the 
church  was  most  marked  in  this  decade.  Maine,  New 
Hampshire  and  Vermont  had  been  set  off  and  IMassachu- 
setts  alone  was  now  under  his  jurisdiction.  Of  command- 
ing personality  and  a tireless  worker,  this  busy  and  emi- 
nentl}^  just  man  was  soon  to  pay  the  penalty  of  the  hea\w 
burdens  which  he  bore.  The  last  years  of  his  life  were 
rendered  severe  by  a disease  which  lasted  through  man}’^ 
weary  months.  A European  trip  failed  to  work  a favor- 
able change.  For  two  years  his  life  was  attended  with 
great  suffering,  borne  with  heroic  fortitude.  The  business 
growth  of  the  town  had  in  turn  driven  the  Cathedral  from 
Franklin  Street  to  the  Melodeon  on  Washington  Street, 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  loi 

thence  to  Castle,  until  the  congregation  finally  found  their 
place  of  worship  transferred  to  its  present  site,  the  archi- 
tecture of  which  was  in  part  personally  planned  by  the 
bishop  himself. 

In  the  closing  days  of  his  life,  he  was  permitted  to  real- 
ize in  some  small  measure  the  advance  which  Catholicism 
had  made  in  New  England  under  his  own  guidance. 
Churches,  colleges,  academies,  schools,  asylums  and  homes 
for  the  afflicted  were  then  flourishing. 

On  February  13,  1866,  word  was  passed  to  anxious  and 
awaiting  ears  that  the  bishop  was  dead — that  for  him  all 
things  earthly  were  over.  The  wave  of  universal  sorrow 
that  swept  over  city  and  diocese  was  the  highest  evidence 
of  his  worth  as  a man,  and  clearly  indicated  the  potency 
of  charity  in  allaying  the  bitterest  feelings,  for  some  who 
in  earlier  years  hated,  were  now  bowed  down  in  grief. 

The  funeral  was  attended  by  an  unusual  number  of 
Church  and  State  dignitaries.  New  York’s  Archbishop  de- 
livering the  eulogy. 

So  long  as  religion  and  patriotism  last,  so  long  in  this 
province  shall  the  name  of  John  Bernard  Fitzpatrick, 
priest,  bishop  and  patriot,  be  honored  and  revered. 


Prof.  Thomas  Dwight’s  Address. 


In  speaking  before  the  Society  of  St.  Vincent  de  Paul, 
last  December,  at  a memorial  meeting  for  Archbishop  Wil- 
liams, I concluded  my  remarks  by  saying  that  the  words 
which  the  Church  uses  in  the  Vespers  for  a Confessor  and 
Bishop  struck  me  as  applying  especially  to  him: 

“Who,  pious,  prudent,  humble,  pure. 

His  sober  life  did  lead  without  a stain.” 

Such,  I said,  was  Archbishop  Williams. 

Where  I then  ended  I now  begin.  It  is  my  wish  to  show 
you  this  saintly  (yes,  that  is  the  word)  this  saintly  person- 
ality as  I saw  it.  I had  the  pleasure  of  knowing  him  in 
a way  that  was  shared  by  very  few  others  of  the  laity. 
During  many  years  I frequently  sat  with  him  of  an  even- 
ing, by  the  fire  in  winter  and  under  the  sky  in  summer,  en- 
joying the  intimacy  which  allowed  me,  when  so  disposed, 
to  sit  in  silence.  When  we  spoke,  we  talked  of  everything, 
excepting  his  work.  It  would  surprise  many,  I dare  say, 
to  know  how  often  we  talked  of  games,  for  he  was  an  en- 
thusiastic lover  of  all  clean  sport.  He  would  tell  me  of  the 
matches  of  old  at  hockey  or  lacrosse  between  the  whites 
and  the  Indians  in  Canada.  He  was  very  fond  of  fishing, 
and  in  his  younger  days  often,  indeed  I think  usually, 
spent  his  vacations  in  the  woods.  How  much  he  enjoyed  a 
joke,  how  playful  he  could  be  in  his  conversation,  are 
things  of  which  the  outer  world  knew  nothing.  To  those 
who  did  not  know  him,  he  not  only  seemed,  but  in  fact  was, 
reserved.  This  reserve  was  not  only  natural  to  his  char- 
acter but  was  maintained  by  his  prudence.  He  never  acted 
in  haste.  When  he  was  in  doubt  as  to  whether  to  act  or 


102 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  103 


not,  he  waited.  He  trusted  in  God  to  a degree  and  with 
a confidence  which  few  rise  to,  and  yet  in  all  his  works  he 
was  eminently  a practical  man.  A reserved  man  of  this 
nature  is  sure  to  be  misjudged.  Because  he  did  not  act 
rashly  I have  heard  him  called  timid.  I believe  he  has  been 
considered  obstinate  because  he  was  firm.  No  one  but  a 
very  stupid  man,  or  one  utterly  ignorant  of  his  character, 
ever  asked  him  to  reconsider  a deliberately  chosen  course 
of  action.  All  of  us  know  how  great  was  his  justice,  but  I 
think  that  comparatively  few  have  suspected  the  warmth 
of  that  loving  heart  and  the  deep  sympathy  he  felt  for 
the  suflPering,  especially  for  those  whose  sufferings  came 
in  the  line  of  their  duty  or  for  conscience’  sake.  More 
than  once  I have  gone  to  him  for  advice  in  matters  of  im- 
portance and  have  left  him  not  only  thankful  for  his  sym- 
pathy but  impressed  anew  with  the  clearness  of  his  judg- 
ment. He  saw  what  was  to  be  done  then  and  there ; as  to 
hypothetical  trouble  threatening  in  the  future,  he  would 
say  nothing. 

It  is  more  than  forty  years  since  I heard  some  one  ex- 
claim, “What  a face  that  man  has !”  I assented  at  the 
time,  but  the  words  have  lingered  with  me  and  have  con- 
tinually acquired  a deeper  significance.  It  was,  I think, 
the  quiet  dignity  of  the  face  that  most  impressed  me;  and 
as  I grew  in  his  knowledge,  I knew  better  what  went  to 
make  that  expression.  And  then  his  voice ! How  we  felt 
that  it  came  from  the  heart!  What  sympathy  it  could  re- 
veal, and  on  solemn  occasions  what  dignity!  How  well 
his  voice  fitted  his  face  and  carriage;  what  true  witnesses 
they  all  were  of  the  soul  within! 

It  is  not  given  to  many  men  intrusted  with  important 
works  of  administration  to  see  both  the  seed-time  and  the 
harvest.  To  very  few  indeed  is  it  given  to  see  the  harvest 
not  only  of  what  those  before  them  had  sown  but  also  of 


104  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 

what  they  had  planted  themselves,  and  still  fewer  have  the 
privilege  to  see  it  in  the  profusion  which  it  was  the  lot  of 
Archbishop  Williams  to  witness.  I shall  not  give  statis- 
tics. Striking  as  they  are,  they  are  not  needed  to 
picture  the  wonderful  change  of  everything  about  Boston, 
and  especially  of  everything  Catholic,  during  the  forty- 
one  years  of  his  episcopate, — the  increase  of  the  flock  and 
of  the  clergy,  the  multiplication  of  churches,  the  springing 
up  of  charitable  and  religious  institutions  of  all  kinds.  In 
the  midst  of  it  he  sat  still,  not  inactive  but  quiet,  knowing 
all  that  was  going  on,  guiding  and  directing,  helping  gen- 
erously, but  remaining  hidden. 

His  charity  was  great,  and  it  was  strictly  concealed. 
Let  me  tell  jmu  some  things  that  are  not  known  about  the 
foundation  of  the  House  of  the  Good  Shepherd,  which  was 
the  first  new  work  of  charity  which  he  established  after  be- 
coming bishop,  and  which  was  always  very  dear  to  him.  In 
1867  he  asked  for  religious  of  the  order  from  New  York 
and  engaged  to  meet  the  expenses  of  establishing  the  in- 
stitution. He  hired  a house  in  Allen  Street  and  paid  the 
rent,  besides  providing  clothing  for  the  penitents.  He 
spent  $6,000  at  this  time.  He  was  president  of  the  Corpo- 
ration and  visited  the  House  often.  He  would  inquire  con- 
cerning the  finances  and  would  send  checks,  forbidding  the 
Sisters  to  tell  whence  they  came.  He  took  pleasure  in 
administering  confirmation  to  the  children,  never  failing 
to  come  himself  till  the  year  before  his  death. 

It  is  but  natural  that  I should  recall  his  relations  with 
the  Society  of  St.  Vincent  de  Paul.  It  is  to  the  late  Arch- 
bishop, then  Father  Williams,  that  it  owes  its  existence  in 
New  England.  Other  groups  of  men  had  taken  that  name 
before  he  collected  the  Conference  of  St.  James  in  1861. 
It  is  eminently  characteristic  of  him  that  the  Conference 
vms  aggregated  the  next  year  as  a part  of  the  world-wide 


THE  ORIENTAL  BISHOP  AND  PRIESTS  ON  THE  WAY  TO  THE  CATHEDRAL 


^-5>«  ..t„!^i?>^'-  * •*■»-*  ■'  •'  _'r-- 

AiW:'  ^.  -.  ■ J'-?-jf " V-i:. 

- V ■ '""■■■ 


■y.y  ...M- 


■ -'  >?c-  ■■^  ,'^i^  '>«E  'j^v  * 

f|fe:  «^:-;  - 'nj^^slL.  ^:...-i«- ::^^P'=r.^-'>,-^ 

■iSB^r  ■ • • Arf.* '.  '.vrJMHHi  j<fa-  .*  . . ‘ 


.- . .'"-lirii^r*^ 


■•»  ■ 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  105 


Society.  Hence  it  has  been  the  source  of  the  Society  here, 
which  has  had  so  great  a development  instead  of  lingering 
for  a while,  and  then  dying,  leaving  nothing  but  the  mem- 
ory of  a name  to  which  it  had  no  just  claim.  It  was  like 
him  to  do  things  right.  His  was  the  true  spirit  of  the 
Society.  Thus,  in  1868,  at  a general  meeting,  he  exhorted 
the  members  to  continue  their  work  of  charity  zealously, 
but  in  all  humility,  preferring  the  eternal  reward  above  to 
the  praise  of  men  here.  The  Society  has  just  celebrated  the 
seventy-fifth  anniversary  of  its  foundation  at  Paris.  It 
was  my  privilege  to  hear  Archbishop  Williams  speak  in  St. 
James’  Church,  twenty-five  years  ago,  on  the  occasion  of 
the  fiftieth  anniversary.  I was  but  a comparatively  new 
member  and  I recall  well  how  his  words  impressed  me. 
“Charity,”  he  said,  “is  the  foundation  of  your  Society. 
Charity  will  continue  it.  Without  it,  it  must  fail.  God’s 
charity  is  not  simply  almsgiving.  . . . Remember  this — 
that  it  is  not  the  number  of  dollars  you  give.  It  is  not  the 
number  of  poor  you  assist.  It  is  how  you  do  it  and  wTat 
good  you  do  yourself.  . . . All  can  not  be  raised  out  of 
poverty ; and,  when  we  can  not  raise  them  out  of  poverty 
we  are  tempted  to  give  them  up — not  to  be  encouraged,  but 
to  think  there  is  no  use  in  doing  anything  for  them.  But 
the  Christian  visitor  finds  as  much  pleasure  in  visiting  the 
one  who  can  never  rise  out  of  poverty  as  the  one  whom  he 
can  bring  forth  to  competence.  Why.^  Because  his  end  is 
not  only  to  assist  the  poor  but  to  do  something  for  God. 
. . . Do  not  forget  that  God  is  all  the  time  watching  you 
and  everything  you  do,  and  in  every  Communion  He  gives 
you  special  grace,  and  you  know  not  what  use  that  grace 
may  be  to  you  for  eternal  purposes.” 

What,  I ask,  could  be  more  characteristic  of  Archbishop 
Williams  than  these  words  His  life  was  that  of  one  who 
felt  himself  always  in  the  presence  of  God.  With  what 


io6  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


faithfulness,  regularity  and  patience  did  he  attend  to  the 
details  of  the  complicated  duties  of  administration!  His 
work  was  before  him ; it  must  be  done,  and  it  must  be  done 
well.  So  he  attended  to  it,  fainting  with  age  and  sickness, 
actually  till  the  day  before  his  death. 

The  Catholic  Union  was  founded  in  Boston  by  Bishop 
Williams  in  1873  in  response  to  the  call  of  Pius  IX.,  that, 
as  the  enemies  of  the  Church  were  banding  together  for  her 
destruction,  so  it  was  meet  that  her  sons  should  unite  for  her 
defense.  He  said,  at  a meeting  in  April  of  that  year,  that 
he  was  pleased  to  be  able  to  meet  the  Catholic  laymen  of  the 
city  in  an  organization  for  such  a purpose,  an  organiza- 
tion the  effects  of  which  will  be  felt  by  the  whole  Catholic 
community.  “The  work  done  by  this  society  of  Catholic 
laymen  can  be  done  in  no  other  way.  Its  effect  will  be 
beneficial  not  only  to  ourselves  but  to  those  around  us.” 

On  November  14,  of  the  same  year,  the  Union  had  a 
great  public  meeting  at  Music  Hall  (then  in  Winter  Place) 
to  protest  against  the  seizure  of  Rome.  It  was  truly  a 
great  occasion  and  a most  enthusiastic  meeting,  graced  with 
many  eloquent  speeches,  but  none  impressed  me  more  than 
the  simple,  dignified  words  of  our  Bishop  Williams.  He 
was,  as  usual,  very  brief.  After  remarking  that  it  gave 
him  great  pleasure  to  take  the  President’s  place  for  a few 
minutes,  he  said:  “We  are  here  tonight  for  a two-fold  pur- 
pose— to  offer  together  our  devotion  and  fidelity  to  our 
Holy  Father,  and  to  give  the  aid  of  our  practical  sympathy 
and  support  to  the  Catholic  Union.  I need  not  tell  you 
how  pleased  I am  to  see  you  here.  Nothing  could  be  dearer 
to  my  heart  than  this  devotion  to  the  Pope.  It  is  surely  a 
gratification  to  me  to  see  this  Union  inaugurated,  for  in  it 
I see  my  labors  lightened  by  the  great  effort  of  the  laity 
to  co-operate  with  and  sustain  us  in  works  for  the  interest 
of  the  Church.” 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  107 

The  progress  of  the  Union  was  not  altogether  easy. 
This  appeal  to  the  laity  was  new  in  the  community,  and 
moreover  many  looked  askance  at  a society  which  ignored 
all  parish  lines.  But  the  bishop  said  nothing.  He  per- 
severed. It  was  customary  for  members  of  the  Union  to 
meet  informally  on  Wednesday  evenings,  and,  a few  years 
later,  I had  ample  opportunity  to  admire  the  patience  of 
the  Archbishop  who  came  week  after  week  to  sit  with  the 
small  group  of  members  and  to  encourage  them  to  come 
together.  During  those  earlier  years  I doubt  if  he  ever 
missed  one  of  the  meetings  of  the  Union  without  serious 
reason.  His  influence  sustained  it  through  trying  and 
difficult  days  till  at  last  it  became  what  it  is  now,  a society 
to  give  emphatic  utterance  to  the  voice  of  the  Catholic 
community  on  occasions  when  such  utterance  is  called  for. 
At  the  celebration  of  the  Archbishop’s  Sacerdotal  Golden 
Jubilee,  in  May,  1895,  I had  the  honor  to  offer  to  His 
Grace  a portrait  of  himself  by  Mr.  Vinton  on  the  part  of 
the  Catholic  Union.  After  expressing  his  thanks,  he  de- 
clared that  he  was  satisfled  with  what  the  Union  had  accom- 
plished. I remember  well  the  emphasis  on  the  word  “sat- 
isfied.” The  members,  he  said,  had  not  many  opportuni- 
ties, but  they  had  laid  the  foundations,  and  those  founda- 
tions had  become  broader  every  day.  Then  followed  some 
remarks  which  are  worth  preserving: — 

“As  the  last  speaker  recalled  former  words  of  mine  to 
the  Union,  I will  again  allude  to  them.  It  is  said  that  in 
addressing  the  Union  I told  them  that  I did  not  want  ag- 
gressive Catholics.  And  I say  so  today.  I do  not  desire 
aggressive  Catholics.  But  what  do  I mean  by  this.f^  Do 
I mean  that  I want  cowardly  Catholics.^  No ; I mean  Cath- 
olics who  shall  stand  on  their  rights  as  American  citizens; 
no  more.  Whenever  our  religion  is  attacked,  it  is  our 
duty  to  defend  it.  As  to  calumnies,  it  is  our  duty  to  re- 


io8  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 

fute  them  when  it  is  prudent  and  practicable;  when  it  can 
be  of  any  use.  No  controversies,  but  charity  and  truth. 
That  is  all  we  ask. 

“We  have  found  out  in  a long  experience  that  there  is 
no  use  in  quarreling  about  religion  any  more  than  about 
anything  else.  And  when  we  speak  to  a man  in  anger,  or 
dispute  with  him  in  a hostile  spirit,  about  our  religion,  it 
will  have  no  good  effect.  Harsh  contradiction,  angry 
phrases  and  injurious  words  only  serve  to  wound  charity. 

“But  if  we  wish  to  make  known  the  truth,  we  should 
proclaim  it  simply;  honestly  lay  it  before  those  who  do 
not  know  it.  And  if  they  are  sincere  of  heart  they  will 
consider  it,  if  they  see  no  anger  in  our  hearts  against 
them.  They  will  be  tempted  to  listen  to  us,  especially  if 
we  do  not  wound  their  pride.  But,  when  their  pride  is 
touched,  instead  of  listening  to  the  truth,  they  are  trying 
to  find  out  how  they  can  evade  it. 

“Therefore,  I say,  we  want  no  aggressive  Catholics  of 
that  kind.  But  we  want  Catholics,  strong,  steadfast,  firm, 
not  afraid  of  any  one,  ready  to  defend  their  Faith,  ready 
to  speak  the  truth,  but  they  should  know  how  to  speak  it 
and  do  it.” 

I should  be  glad  to  leave  quite  unnoticed  the  popular 
attacks  on  the  Catholic  Church  which  disgraced  Massachu- 
setts during  the  episcopacy  of  Archbishop  Williams,  but 
having  to  show  his  character,  I can  not  do  so.  I shall, 
however,  pass  over  them  as  lightly  as  may  be.  It  was,  I 
think,  in  the  early  eighties  that  I first  served  on  a State 
Board,  a position  that  I accepted  simply  as  a duty  to  the 
Church  and  my  Catholic  fellow-citizens.  I well  remember 
Archbishop  Williams’  advice  to  me  to  write  or  say  nothing 
that  would  irritate  and  not  convince.  His  plan  for  gain- 
ing the  rights  of  the  Catholic  poor  in  institutions — and 
in  those  days  no  one  would  have  imagined  from  the  things 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  109 


that  were  done  that  they  had  rights  at  all, — was  patience, 
and  persistent,  quiet  effort.  We  all  know  how  calm  he 
was  under  the  greatest  provocation.  During  the  years  of 
the  wretched  A.  P.  A.  business,  with  one  exception  he  was 
absolutely  silent.  But  let  no  one  think  that  his  was  the 
silence  of  the  indifferent.  They  did  not  know  him,  who, 
misled  by  the  calmness  and  restraint  that  were  habitual  to 
him,  thought  that  he  did  not  feel.  His  was  not  the  hard- 
ness of  the  stoic  nor  the  scorn  of  the  cynic:  his  was  the 
patience  of  the  saint:  and  beneath  it  he  suffered  cruelly 
from  the  attacks  upon  all  that  Catholics  cherish,  from 
the  insults  to  religion  and  to  G(3d  Himself.  All  these 
things  weighed  upon  him  heavily.  I have  heard  him  speak 
more  than  once  of  the  burning  of  the  Ursuline  Convent, 
which  occurred  when  he  was  a boy.  He  alluded  to  it  al- 
ways solemnly,  in  a one  almost  of  awe.  Probably  many 
are  here  tonight  who  were  present  in  this  hall,  five  years 
ago,  at  the  hundredth  anniversary  of  the  dedication  of  the 
Cathedral  of  the  Holy  Cross.  They  must  remember  the 
emotion  with  which  he  said:  “On  August  11th,  a year  after 
the  burning  of  the  convent,  ....  I stood  on  Warren 
bridge  and  saw  all  Charlestown  Square  in  a flame,  and 
the  tavern  which  stood  between  the  two  bridges  destroyed 
that  night  by  fire  while  I looked  on ; and  we  knew  that  the 
men  went  from  the  tavern  to  burn  the  convent,  and  that 
was  a year  afterwards,  precisely  on  that  night.”  But  the 
only  occasion  on  which  he  gave  vent  to  his  righteous  in- 
dignation was  at  a meeting  of  the  Catholic  Union  in 
1891,  on  the  occasion  of  the  twenty -fifth  anniversary  of 
his  consecration.  The  lamented  Thomas  J.  Gargan  had 
alluded  to  these  outrages  in  an  address  to  which  the  Arch- 
bishop replied: — 

“I  am  glad  to  say  publicly  that  I am  proud  of  the  Cath- 
olics of  Boston  for  the  last  two  years.  It  is  not  the  accusa- 


no  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


tions  that  have  been  made  against  us,  not  the  revilings 
even,  not  even  the  insults,  that  I find  fault  with,  but  tlie 
attacks  that  were  made  on  the  virtue  of  our  ladies  in  reli- 
gious societies.  The  revilers  attacked  the  clergy ; but  to 
that  we  were  less  sensitive,  for  we  are  men.  But  when  they 
came  to  attack  women  who  had  devoted  their  lives  to  vir- 
ginity, . . . when  placards  were  placed  on  our  walls  and 
not  torn  down  by  the  authorities  of  the  city,  ....  then 
it  was  almost  time  to  resent  it.  And  yet  you  remained 
quiet.  For  this  I give  you  credit,  and  for  this  I am  proud 
today.” 

He  said  that  he  knew  that  this  attack  was  not  the  work 
of  the  better  part  of  the  community.  But  all  these  things 
oppressed  him.  It  was  in  this  hall  that  he  said:  “We  have 
plenty  of  things  to  forgive  and  forget.”  That  he  for- 
gave them  we  are  sure;  but  I am  sure  also  that  he  could 
not  forget  them  and  that  the  remembrance  of  such  things 
was  a life-long  sorrow  to  him.  But,  though  oppressed,  he 
was  not  over-powered.  “We  can  be  calm,”  he  said,  “be- 
cause we  are  right.  We  can  be  patient  because  God  Al- 
mighty is  patient.” 

In  that  same  address  he  said  that  there  is  one  thing  we 
never  forget,  and  that  is  a kindness,  and  he  mentioned  the 
names  of  some  of  Boston’s  old  families  who  had  helped  in 
the  building  of  Boston’s  first  cathedral  and  rejoiced  that 
these  families  are  still  known  in  the  city,  honored  and  re- 
spected as  they  were  a hundred  years  before.  Well  might 
he  say  that  the  various  anti-Catholic  movements  were  not 
the  work  of  the  best  element  of  the  community.  The  con- 
trary had  been  shown  by  the  best  families  at  the  time  of 
the  disturbances  of  earlier  date.  It  was  shown  also  during 
his  episcopate.  I allude  to  the  following  incident  both  as 
illustrating  to  what  an  extent  he  carried  his  policy  of  ab- 
solute silence  under  attack,  and  because  I believe  that  he 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  in 


would  wish  me  to  speak  of  those  who  stood  up  for  justice. 
A truly  abominable  bill  had  been  introduced  into  the  Leg- 
islature, openly  aimed  at  Catholic  schools.  The  danger 
was  indeed  great;  but  the  Archbishop  made  no  sign.  He 
intrusted  the  conduct  of  the  affair  to  ]Mr.  Charles  F.  Don- 
nelly, and  at  his  suggestion  I waited  on  President  Eliot 
and  on  the  late  General  Francis  A.  Walker,  President  of 
the  Institute  of  Technology.  They,  as  well  as  Dr.  Edward 
Everett  Hale,  Colonel  Thomas  Wentworth  Higginson,  and 
others,  appeared  before  the  committee  in  March,  1888. 
Colonel  Higginson  began  by  declaring  that  he  had  learned 
his  first  lesson  in  religious  liberty  when  he  stood  by  his 
mother’s  side  and  watched  the  burning  of  the  Ursuhne 
Convent.  President  Eliot  said:  “I  think  it  would  be  hard 
to  contrive  a more  exasperating  and  dangerous  bit  of  leg- 
islation than  that  contained  in  the  paragraph  I have 
quoted.” 

The  result  was  a painful  surprise  to  the  supporters  of 
the  bill.  Surely  one  of  the  greatest  advances  during  the 
latter  years  of  Archbishop  Williams’  administration  is 
the  increase  of  Catholic  influence  in  public  boards  govern- 
ing charitable  institutions  in  state  and  city,  and  with  it 
the  removal  of  wrongs  which  Catholic  inmates,  and  es- 
pecially children,  suffered  twenty-five  years  ago.  Those 
who  were  haunted  by  nightmares  of  the  disasters  that 
would  follow  giving  ordinary  rights  to  Catholics  have 
now  an  opportunity  of  seeing  that  nothing  but  good  has 
come  from  the  change,  and  above  all  that  the  religious 
rights  of  non-Catholic  children  have  not  been  abridged 
but  extended.  Is  it  not  from  the  Archbishop’s  wise  policy 
of  peace  and  patience  that  this  progress  has  been  made 
without  disturbance.? 

How  he  loved  his  clergy  is  well  known,  and  how  they 
loved  him  in  return!  I would  it  had  been  my  lot  to  have 


1 12  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


heard  him  speak  to  them  on  the  festival  of  his  eightieth 
birthday  in  1902.  But,  though  I did  not  hear  his  words, 
I am  thrilled  with  the  mere  reading  of  them:  I can  feel  the 
emotion  he  could  hardly  restrain.  “To  you,”  he  said,  “to 
you, — the  reverend  clergy  of  the  diocese,  I can  say  with 
all  the  sincerity  of  my  heart : ‘you  are  mine.’  As  our  Lord 
said  to  Peter,  once,  twice,  a third  time:  ‘Peter,  lovest  thou 
Me  ?’  and  Peter  said : ‘Lord,  thou  knowest  that  I love  Thee,’ 
so  I can  say  today : ‘The  Lord  knov/s  that  I love  you.’ 
Such  is  the  supreme  affection  in  which  I Hve  and  in  which 
I hope  to  die.”  v 

And  so  he  did.  But  when,  on  that  sad  evening  at  the 
close  of  summer,  the  bells  tolled  over  Boston,  they  spoke 
the  grief  and  the  affection,  not  of  the  clergy  only,  not  of 
Ca,tholics  onl}",  but  of  all  men  of  good-will. 


JAMES  CARDINAL  GIBBONS  ON  HIS  WAY  TO  THE  CATHEDRAL,  PRECEDED 
BY  HIS  CHAPLAINS,  MGRS.  MAGENNIS  AND  'PEELING 


Solemn  High  Mass  at  the  Cathedral 
for  the  Children 


Thousands  of  Boys  and  Girls  from  all  Parts  of  the 
Diocese  Attend  the  Services.  Rev.  George  A. 
Lyons  Preaches  Sermon  on  the  Need  of  Relig- 
ious Training  for  Children. 


October  29  was  children’s  day  in  the  centenary  celebration 
of  the  founding  of  the  Catholic  diocese  of  Boston,  and  al- 
though the  weather  was  anything  but  pleasant,  the  boys 
and  girls,  who  came  from  all  parts  of  the  archdiocese,  cared 
not  a whit  for  the  rain,  and  the  only  drawback  was  that  the 
cathedral  was  not  large  enough  to  accommodate  several 
hundred  South  End  youths,  who  though  not  invited  to  the 
morning’s  ceremonies,  were  only  too  willing  to  join  with  the 
thousands  of  others. 

For  the  boys  and  girls,  who  numbered  about  5,000,  the 
day  was  one  of  great  delight,  and  the  scene  presented  by 
them  must  have  awakened  in  the  hearts  of  all  who  saw  them 
a true  feeling  of  happiness  over  the  generation  growing  up, 
the  men  and  women  of  ten  and  twenty  years  hence. 

For  the  children’s  sake,  nothing  had  been  left  undone  by 
Vicar-General  Patterson  and  Chancellor  Splaine.  Every 
detail  of  the  beauty  and  grandeur  of  Wednesday  morning’s 
ceremonies  was  still  to  be  found  in  its  place,  the  picture- 
like sanctuary  with  its  mass  of  greenery,  its  hundreds  of  red 
chrysanthemums  and  the  handsome  draperies  about  the  ma- 
jestic white  marble  altar. 

There,  too,  were  the  thrones  of  the  archbishops  as  used 

113 


1 14  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


Wednesday,  and  though  not  quite  such  an  array  of  distin- 
guished prelates  were  present  for  the  boys  and  girls  to  look 
upon,  yet  there  were  some  bishops  in  attendance  with 
several  monseignori,  and  in  these  the  thousands  of  children 
evinced  no  little  interest. 

For  the  children  it  was  an  occasion  which  they  will  long 
remember.  A great  number  of  them  never  before  had  seen 
the  cathedral  so  beautifully  illuminated  and  decorated. 

It  was  hard  to  hold  the  early  arrivals  in  check,  for  their 
enthusiasm  moved  them  from  the  assigned  pews  to  ap- 
proach closer  to  the  sanctuary  rail  where  they  might  the 
better  see  all  that  grandeur. 

Vicar-General  Patterson  was  early  about  the  church,  and 
the  little  ones,  with  whom  this  kindly  clergyman  has  ever 
been  a favorite,  knew  that  he  was  doing  all  he  could  to 
have  the  bo^^s  and  girls  get  the  full  benefit  of  their  visit. 

From  9.30  o’clock  until  10.30  the  boys  and  girls  kept 
arriving  at  the  cathedral  in  groups  of  25  or  50.  They 
came  principally  from  the  Catholic  schools  of  the  archdio- 
cese of  Boston.  Each  school  had  been  invited  to  send  its 
quota,  and  in  nearly  all  instances  the  pupils  were  attended 
by  some  representative  of  the  school. 

Organist  Whelan  and  members  of  the  regular  choir  were 
present  to  render  a musical  accompaniment  to  the  solemn 
high  mass,  and  from  10  o’clock  for  the  next  half  hour  the 
organist  gave  several  numbers. 

Just  before  10.30  the  processional  was  begun,  and  from 
the  vestry  moved  the  altar  attendants,  the  clergy,  the  mon- 
seignori, bishops,  archbishops  and  officers  of  the  mass.  The 
boys  and  girls  viewed  this  imposing  procession  with  deep 
interest.  The  grand  electrical  display  had  been  turned  on 
and  the  huge  cross  suspended  from  the  arch  just  over  the 
sanctuary  was  a particular  object  of  interest. 

The  solemn  high  mass  began  promptly  at  10.30.  Very 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  115 


Rev.  George  J.  Patterson  was  celebrant,  Rev.  Fr.  Thomas 
R.  McCoy  was  deacon,  and  Rev.  Fr.  J.  J.  Crane  was  the 
sub-deacon.  Chancellor  Splaine  was  the  master  of  cere- 
monies. 

Most  Rev.  William  H.  O’Connell,  who  was  present 
throughout  the  service  and  at  its  conclusion  extended  the 
episcopal  blessing  upon  the  children,  was  attended  by  Rev. 
Fr.  J.  J.  Graham  of  Haverhill  and  Rev.  Fr.  George  A. 
Ljmns  as  chaplains. 

Seated  within  the  sanctuary  among  others  were  Bishop 
Allen  of  Mobile,  Ala. ; Rt.  Rev.  Arthur  J.  Teeling  of  Lynn, 
Rev.  J.  M.  Supple  of  St.  Francis  de  Sales  Church,  Charles- 
town; Rev.  James  T.  O’Reilly,  O.S.A.,  of  Lawrence;  Rev. 
Thomas  I.  Gasson,  S.J.,  president  of  Boston  College;  Rev. 
George  A.  Rainville  of  Salem,  Rev.  Timothy  Brosnahan, 
P.R.,  of  Waltham;  Rev.  James  Supple,  D.D.,  of  St.  Ce- 
cilia’s church.  Back  Bay;  Rev.  Dr.  David  Supple  of  Mal- 
den, Rev.  Charles  Lyons,  S.J.,  a brother  of  Rev.  George 
A.  Lyons ; Rev.  Charles  Lane,  S. J.,  and  Rev.  Denis  J. 
Lynch  of  Concord. 

Following  the  gospel  of  the  mass,  the  sermon  was 
preached  by  Rev.  George  A.  Lyons,  pastor  of  the  Church 
of  Our  Lady  of  Lourdes,  Jamaica  Plain,  and  one  of  the 
archdiocesan  supervisors  of  Catholic  Schools. 

When  the  mass  was  over,  about  twelve  o’clock,  the  great 
assemblage  of  children  sang  two  h3^mns,  the  general  effect 
of  which  was  most  inspiring.  First  they  rendered  the  new 
hymn  to  the  Pope,  the  words  of  which  were  written  by  H. 
T.  Henry,  and  the  music  by  Ganns.  Next  they  sang  “Holy 
God,”  and  the  great  chorus  of  sweet,  youthful  voices,  with 
the  full  organ  accompaniment,  produced  an  effect  perhaps 
never  equalled  in  the  Boston  cathedral.  It  was  apparent 
that  the  singing  was  most  pleasing  to  Archbishop  O’Con- 
nell and  the  other  ecclesiastics  in  the  sanctuary. 


ii6  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


During  the  services  a dozen  or  more  policemen  were  sta- 
tioned about  the  cathedral  doors  and  in  the  vestibule  of  the 
church,  telling  adults  who  tried  to  enter  that  the  service  was 
for  children  alone. 

Special  trolley  cars  were  awaiting  the  children  from  dis- 
tances, and  after  the  ceremonies  were  over  they  were  con- 
veyed to  their  respective  parishes. 


Christian  Education. 


Sermon  by  Rev.  George  A.  Lyons,  Delivered  in  the 
Cathedral  on  Children’s  Day,  Thursday, 
October,  29,  1908. 

In  the  Eternal  City  of  Rome  there  exists  an  institution, 
which  for  centuries  has  been  the  center  of  the  missionary 
activities  of  the  Catholic  Church.  It  it  called  the  Propa- 
ganda. Connected  with  it  is  a coUege,  in  which  during 
all  these  ages  have  been  educated  a vast  number  of  zealous 
young  men  from  all  nations  to  carry  the  Gospel  of  Christ 
to  every  land;  and  over  the  main  portal  through  which 
they  daily  pass  are  the  words  of  Christ,  which  I have 
quoted  for  my  text:  “Going,  teach  all  nations.”  For 
this  is  the  divine  command  which  sends  them  on  their  mis- 
sionary career — the  commission  which  Christ  gave  to  His 
Apostles  and  their  successors — the  authorization  of  their 
Apostolate. 

For,  remember,  dear  children,  the  Church  of  Christ  is 
essentially  missionary.  She  does  not  accept  the  deposit 
of  Faith,  and,  like  the  unprofitable  servant  of  the  Gospel, 
abstaining  from  all  activity,  rest  satisfied  with  merely  pre- 
serving what  God  has  committed  to  her.  No!  her  life  is 
one  of  ceaseless  activity  and  for  her  there  is  no  response 
while  Christ’s  command  lacks  fulfilment  and  the  Gospel  is 
not  preached  to  every  creature. 

This  indeed  is  the  spirit  which  has  animated  the  Catholic 
missionaries  from  the  days  of  the  Apostles.  It  was  this 
spirit  which  sent  a Patrick  to  Ireland,  an  Augustine  to 
England,  a Palladius  to  Scotland,  a Boniface  to  Germany. 
Whatever  may  have  been  the  motives  to  actuate  discoverers, 

117 


ii8  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


explorers,  or  settlers  in  foreign  lands,  for  the  Catholic 
missionaries  who  accompanied  them  there  was  always  only 
one  desire — the  fulfilment  of  the  command  of  Christ — to 
go  and  teach  and,  as  far  as  they  were  able,  to  do  their 
part  in  bringing  all  men  to  a knowledge  of  the  truth. 

It  was  this  same  spirit  which  brought  to  our  shores  a 
Cheverus,  a Matignon,  and  the  many  other  devoted  mis- 
sionaries whose  sacrifices  and  labors  during  the  hundred 
years  just  passed  thrill  us  with  admiration. 

They  came,  obedient  to  the  command  of  God,  to  teach; 
and  how  well  they  fulfilled  His  divine  injunction  can  be 
inferred  from  the  present  prosperous  and  consoling  con- 
dition of  the  Church  in  this  country. 

When  Boston  was  made  an  episcopal  See,  and  the  first 
bishop  named,  just  one  hundred  years  ago,  there  were  but 
three  priests  with  less  than  one  thousand  Catholics  scat- 
tered throughout  all  the  New  England  States.  They  were, 
as  you  see,  few  in  numbers,  and  poor  indeed,  in  this  world’s 
goods,  but  they  were  courageous  and  generous,  and,  ac- 
cording to  their  ability,  corresponded  with  the  beneficent 
designs  of  their  spiritual  leaders. 

In  the  beginning,  because  of  the  scattered  condition  of 
the  congregations  and  the  poverty  of  their  resources,  only 
the  bare  essentials  of  religion  could  be  supplied  them,  and 
hence  they  were  deprived  of  many  of  the  consolations  of 
Holy  Faith,  which  we  now  enjoy;  for  the  zealous  mission- 
aries had  such  long  distances  to  travel  that  they  could  pay 
their  congregations  only  an  occasional  visit.  So,  for  a 
long  time  Catholic  schools  were  out  of  the  question.  But, 
the  teaching  spirit  of  the  Catholic  Church  still  animated 
both  bishop  and  priests.  They  accomplished  all  they  could 
by  their  own  personal  endeavor,  and  were  prevented  from 
doing  more  only  through  scanty  means  and  lack  of  oppor- 
tunity. 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  119 


Better  times  came,  however  and  with  them  greater 
achievements  for  God  and  religion.  The  immigrants  from 
Ireland  and  Germany  and  other  European  countries  com- 
ing to  our  shores  brought  with  them  a sturdy  faith  and  an 
indomitable  spirit.  Their  influence  was  felt,  and  the 
Church  prospered  accordingly.  Soon  humble  church  edi- 
fices began  to  spring  up  in  all  directions,  the  number  of 
priests  increased,  and  the  Catholic  strength  in  civil  affairs 
could  no  longer  be  despised. 

As  the  Church  prospered  in  a material  way,  rehgious 
activities  were  multiplied  and  Cathohc  schools,  through 
means  of  which  religion  could  be  thoroughly  taught,  were 
seen  to  be  a necessity. 

The  first  Catholic  school  was  established  in  Boston  in 
the  year  1820  by  Bishop  Cheverus.  It  was  taught  by  Ur- 
suline  nuns. 

The  second  Bishop  of  Boston,  Bishop  Fenwick,  himself 
a member  of  St.  Ignatius’  illustrious  order  of  teachers, 
strove  to  promote  this  important  work  of  Cathohc  educa- 
tion. He  introduced  the  Sisters  of  Charity  into  the  diocese 
and  besides,  established  a classical  school  in  which  he  and 
his  clergy  were  the  teachers. 

In  their  efforts  for  Cathohc  education  the  clergy  re- 
ceived great  encouragement  and  assistance  from  the  Irish 
schoolmasters  whose  private  schools  were  established  in 
many  places.  And  so  we  find  in  the  U.  S.  Cathohc  direc- 
tory for  the  years  1845-1819  the  following  statement: 

“There  are  common  schools  for  both  male  and  female 
children  in  most  of  the  cities  and  towns  of  this  diocese, 
having  Cathohc  teachers.  In  LoweU  they  are  supported 
at  the  pubhc  expense,  but  in  all  other  places  at  the  expense 
of  the  parents  of  the  children,  aided  by  collections  in  the 
churches.” 

In  1849  under  the  learned  Bishop  Fitzpatrick  an  im- 


120  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


petus  was  given  to  the  movement  by  the  coming  of  the 
Sisters  of  Notre  Dame  into  the  diocese.  But,  from  this  on 
and  during  the  rest  of  his  pontificate,  owing  to  the  pov- 
erty of  the  largely  increasing  number  of  immigrants  from 
Ireland  and  the  pressing  need  for  the  erection  of  churches 
to  accommodate  them  and  to  safeguard  their  faith  in  the 
new  land  of  promise,  the  progress  of  the  schools  was  not 
what  might  have  been  desired. 

Then  came  the  late  Archbishop  Williams  of  happy  mem- 
ory. During  his  pontificate,  following  the  mandates  of 
the  Second  and  Third  Plenary  Councils  of  Baltimore,  a 
wonderful  advance  was  made  through  the  introduction  of 
the  Diocesan  Sisters  of  St.  Joseph,  the  School  Sisters  of 
Notre  Dame,  the  various  teaching  branches  of  the  Sisters 
of  Charity  from  Nazareth,  Halifax,  and  Madison,  the  Sis- 
ters of  St.  Dominic,  the  Sisters  of  Mercy,  the  Sisters  of  St. 
Francis,  the  Xaverian,  Christian,  and  Marist  Brothers  and 
the  various  other  orders  who  make  up  the  twenty-five  teach- 
ing communities  now  doing  service  in  the  diocese.  So  that 
our  present  beloved  archbishop  finds  his  diocese  admirably 
equipped  for  carrying  on  the  work  of  Catholic  education, 
with  a college  and  numerous  academies  and  with  a well 
organized  school  system  is  75  parishes,  in  which  over 
50,000  children  are  taught  by  more  than  1,000  religious 
teachers. 

These  schools  are  but  a part  of  a great  system  which 
reaches  throughout  the  length  and  breadth  of  our  country, 
at  the  cost  of  infinite  pains  and  sacrifice  on  the  part  of  both 
priests  and  people. 

They  are  conducted  by  an  army  of  devoted  faithful  men 
and  women,  who  giving  up  all  that  the  world  holds  dear, 
leaving  father  and  mother  and  home  and  lands  for  Christ’s 
dear  sake,  spend  themselves  and  are  spent  in  the  service  of 
God  and  His  little  ones,  their  only  desire — His  own  sweet 


CHIEF  MARSHAL  JOHN  J.  LEONARD  AND  STAFF  OF  THE  H.  N.  S.  PARADE 


CHIEF  MARSHAL  LEONARD  AND  HEADS  OF  DIVISIONS 


OF  THE  HOLY  NAME  PARADE 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  121 

appeal:  “Suffer  the  little  children  to  come  unto  Me,  and 
forbid  them  not ; for  of  such  is  the  kingdom  of  God.” 

They  are  maintained  by  the  heroic  sacrifices  of  honest, 
hard-working  fathers  and  mothers,  who,  while  paying  their 
proportionate  share  of  the  taxes  for  the  support  of  the 
public  school  system,  willingly  take  upon  themselves  a 
double  burden  by  maintaining  our  own  well-equipped  Cath- 
olic schools ; in  order  that  their  children,  educated  as  con- 
science dictates,  may  be  prepared  to  go  forth  upright. 
God-fearing,  loyal  citizens,  true  at  all  times  and  in  all 
things  to  God,  their  country,  and  their  fellow-man. 

There  is,  perhaps,  no  phase  of  Catholic  activity  which 
has  met  with  greater  opposition,  and  that,  too,  from  those 
who  mean  to  be  fair  minded  and  tolerant  in  their  considera- 
tion of  every  public  question.  But,  it  is  all  a matter  of 
misunderstanding. 

The  Catholic  Church  has  nothing  to  say  against  exist- 
ing systems  of  education,  only  this — that  they  do  not 
supply  all  that  true  education  demands,  for  the  Church  is 
a benign  mother.  With  the  in-dwelling  Spirit  of  God  to 
direct  her  and  the  experience  of  the  ages  to  teach  her, 
she  points  out  with  unerring  wdsdom  the  principles  to 
guide  us  and  the  dangers  which  beset  us  in  attaining  the 
end  for  which  we  were  created.  So  she  teaches  that,  as 
we  were  made  for  God,  we  are  to  strive  above  all  things 
for  “The  Kingdom  of  God  and  His  Justice.”  Let  us  once 
attain  to  the  possession  of  this,  and  everything  else  which 
is  necessary  will  be  provided.  This,  then,  should  be  the 
primary  object  of  all  education,  viz.,  to  bring  us  nearer  to 
God  and  to  make  us  not  only  physically  and  mentally,  but 
also  morally  and  religiously  stronger. 

And  in  taking  her  position  on  this  great  question  of 
education  the  Church  is  not  alone.  Thinking  men  and 
women  and  learned  American  educators  are  everywhere 


122  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


sounding  words  of  alarm.  They  see  among  the  young 
people  of  the  land  a growing  disrespect  for  authority. 
The  newspapers  teem  with  scandals  and  immorality.  Dis- 
regard for  the  marriage  tie,  divorce,  suicide,  fraud,  brib- 
ery in  public  life  and  dishonesty  in  business — all  these 
things  they  observe,  and  anxiously  they  seek  a remedy. 
On  account  of  discordant  religious  views  they  cannot  in- 
troduce religion  into  the  common  schools ; and  they  will 
not  agree  to  the  support  of  separate  denominational 
schools  as  is  so  successfully  done  at  the  present  time  in 
England,  Ireland,  Germany  and  Canada.  And  hence,  they 
propose  as  a substitute  the  teaching  of  morality,  forgetful 
of  the  warning  words  of  Washington:  “Without  religion, 
there  is  no  morality.” 

The  difficulty  is  simply  this.  We  are  living  in  a ma- 
terialistic age.  People  in  general  are  engaged  in  a mad 
struggle  for  wealth.  They  are  seeking  the  world  and 
things  of  the  world  and,  consequently,  they  choose  the  ed- 
ucation which,  according  to  their  way  of  thinking,  will  be 
a means  to  this  end. 

But,  such  a position,  as  you  know,  is  untenable  for  Cath- 
olics. We  are  taught  that  the  first  and  most  important 
concern  of  life  is  the  salvation  of  our  soul;  and,  therefore, 
we  must  make  use  of  everything  which  will  aid  us  in  ac- 
complishing this.  We  are  not  forbidden  the  possession  of 
any  or  all  the  good  things  of  life,  provided  that  we  use 
them  properly.  But  they  are  only  secondary.  The  chief 
thing  is  our  salvation,  according  to  the  words  of  our 
Blessed  Lord,  “What  doth  it  profit  a man,  if  he  gain  the 
whole  world  and  suffer  the  loss  of  his  own  soul.^”  And  so 
He  commands : “Seek  ye  first  the  kingdom  of  God  and  His 
justice  and  all  these  things  will  be  added  unto  you,“  which 
is  really  the  fundamental  reason  for  the  existence  of  every 
Catholic  school.  Ah!  but  some  will  say,  we  admit  the  need 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  123 


of  teaching  religion.  But  why  in  the  school.'  Cannot  the 
children  of  the  land  receive  their  religious  instruction  in 
some  other  way.'  For  a moment  let  us  see. 

There  are  just  three  factors  which  enter  into  the  char- 
acter building  of  the  child — three  places  where  he  may  re- 
ceive religious  training,  viz.,  the  home,  the  Church,  and 
the  school. 

Now,  we  all  know,  that  as  a rule,  the  child  cannot  be 
formed  at  home  and  receive  there  all  that  religious  train- 
ing without  which  his  moral  character  can  never  be  rightly 
moulded.  Parents  in  general  are  not  qualified  to  do  this 
effectively;  and,  even  if  they  were,  they  lack  the  inclina- 
tion. How  many  parents,  for  instance,  after  the  burden 
of  the  day  and  heat  are  able  to  sit  down  and  instruct  their 
children  in  the  knowledge  of  God  and  their  duties  towards 
Him." 

Nor  can  we  look  to  the  churches  for  the  religious  train- 
ing of  the  child.  The  Americans  as  a class,  are  departing 
from  the  traditions  of  their  fathers  and  are  ceasing  to  be  a 
church  going  people.  According  to  a statement  made  a 
few  years  ago  in  The  Independent,  the  most  representative 
Protestant  paper  of  the  country,  out  of  75,000,000  of 
people  only  ^,000,000,  including  the  Catholics,  belonged 
to  any  Christian  denomination.  And  I presume  the  pro- 
portion holds  good  today.  How,  then,  are  the  majority  of 
the  American  people  to  be  taught  their  religion."  Surely 
not  in  the  Church.  And  even  if  they  were  faithful  in  their 
attendance,  as  our  Catholic  people  generally  are,  how  can 
the  child  in  a single  hour  one  day  in  the  week  receive  a 
knowledge  of  its  rehgion  to  serve  it  through  its  later  life." 
Religion  is  not  a thing  to  be  taken  up  for  a day  and  then 
left  aside  during  the  remainder  of  the  week.  Arithmetic, 
history  and  geography  require  many  hours  of  study  each 
week;  and  can  a child’s  mind  grasp  the  difficult  subject  of 
religion  in  a single  hour.^ 


124  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


There  remains,  then,  only  the  school.  It  is  the  one  place 
where  religion  can  be  effectively  taught,  not  during  an 
occasional  hour  after  school,  making  such  teaching  a pun- 
ishment and  religion  itself  odious  on  account  of  it.  No, 
my  dear  children,  as  far  as  we  Catholices  are  concerned  the 
only  sure  way  in  which  religion  can  be  made  a guiding 
force  in  the  life  of  the  child,  is  by  educating  him  in  a thor- 
oughly religious  atmosphere,  such  as  we  find  in  all  our 
Catholic  schools. 

It  is  not  the  daily  lesson  in  Catechism ; but,  more  than 
this,  the  little  exercises  of  piety  and  devotion,  the  rehgious 
emblems  and  pictures  in  the  class-room ; and,  above  all,  the 
example  of  the  lives  of  the  teachers,  whose  every  word  and 
act,  whose  very  existence,  we  may  say,  is  an  incentive  to 
righteousness  and  good  living. 

This,  then,  to  sum  up  briefly,  is  our  position.  True  edu- 
cation means  a development  of  the  entire  child — of  his 
spiritual  and  moral,  as  well  as  his  physical  and  intellectual 
faculties — ^his  heart  as  well  as  his  head.  To  attain  this, 
religious  education  must  be  imparted  and  it  is  more  impor- 
tant than  purely  secular  instruction,  even  as  the  child’s 
spiritual  interests  transcend  those  which  are  only  tem- 
poral. But  the  education  in  the  home,  the  Church,  of  the 
Sunday  School  alone  is  insufficient  to  accompHsh  this.  For 
true  character  building  the  atmosphere  in  which  the  child 
lives  must  at  all  times  be  religious.  And  this  is  why,  to 
supplement  the  training  of  the  home  and  Church,  we  build 
our  Catholic  schools.  In  them  we  teach  religion  and  mo- 
rality, while  at  the  same  time  we  sacrifice  none  of  the  secu- 
lar branches  of  the,  education  imparted  in  the  best  common 
schools. 

Thus,  beneath  the  cross  of  Christ,  to  symbolize  our 
Faith,  and  the  flag  of  our  country,  to  symbolize  our  loy- 
alty to  the  same,  the  children  of  our  parish  schools  are 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  125 


being  trained  in  all  that  will  make  them  honest,  industrious, 
moral,  religious  men  and  women,  faithful  in  all  their  ob- 
ligations to  God,  their  Creator,  and  to  the  duties  of  their 
Christian  citizenship. 

It  is  in  such  schools,  dear  children,  that  you  are  being 
educated.  Our  Holy  Church,  like  a fond  mother,  has  gath- 
ered you  to  her  bosom  to  nourish  and  sustain  you,  in  order 
that  you  may  go  forth  true  exponents  of  her  Catholic 
faith  and  the  living  fruit  of  her  labors  in  obedience  to  the 
Divine  command — “to  go  and  teach.” 

Oh!  be  faithful  to  her  teachings.  Great  sacrifices  are 
being  made  to  secure  for  you  the  blessing  of  a Christian 
education,  and  we  who  are  laboring  for  you  have  a right  to 
expect  a return.  God  Himself  has  said:  “Unto  whom- 
soever much  is  given,  of  him  much  will  be  required,”  and 
you  are  receiving  much  through  the  generosity  of  your 
parents,  your  pastors,  your  teachers. 

You  who  are  privileged  to  see  the  closing  of  the  first 
hundred  years  of  Catholic  life  in  this  great  archdiocese, 
will  be  the  men  and  women  of  the  century  which  is  just  be- 
ginning. Upon  you,  then,  will  depend  in  a great  meas- 
ure the  future  of  the  diocese  of  Boston.  You  have  the  his- 
tory of  the  pioneers  to  encourage  you  and  the  thought  of 
all  that  has  been  done  to  stimulate  you  to  even  greater  ac- 
plishment  for  God,  for  Church,  for  country. 

It  is  indeed  to  impress  this  truth  upon  your  youthful 
minds  that  we  have  brought  you  here  this  morning.  Oh! 
let  not  the  significance  of  this  day  be  lost  upon  you,  but 
rather  let  its  memory  be  to  you  all  through  life  an  incen- 
tive to  righteousness  and  good  living  and  fidelity  to  the 
high  principles  of  thought  and  action  which  are  daily  held 
up  to  you  by  the  noble  men  and  women  to  whom  you  owe 
so  much. 

Your  Grace,  behold  the  children  of  our  promise,  the 


126  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


fruit  and  flower  of  jour  flock,  the  best  product  of  our 
Catholic  schools.  In  their  name  I salute  you  on  this  aus- 
picious opening  of  the  second  century  of  our  diocesan  life. 
They  are  to  you  all  that  the  Catholic  children  have  ever 
been  to  any  of  your  predecessors  in  the  See  of  Boston. 
But  they  will  be  more,  for  they  realize  and  appreciate 
your  fatherly  interest  in  all  that  is  being  done  through 
the  loving  zeal  of  the  Sisters  and  Brothers  and  priests  who 
are  sacrificing  so  much  to  secure  for  them  the  priceless  boon 
of  a Christian  education. 

In  their  name  I pledge  the  loyalty  of  the  men  and 
women  of  the  future,  Tvho,  departing  from  this  Cathedral 
Church  this  morning,  stimulated  by  what  they  have  seen 
and  heard,  and  fortified  by  the  graces  of  the  Holy  Mass 
with  your  own  paternal  benediction,  will,  I am  sure,  breathe 
forth  a prayer  to  the  Father  above  that  through  the  com- 
ing years  they  may  continue  to  be  to  you  all  that  they  are 
today — your  simple,  docile,  faithful  children — 3'our  joy 
and  your  crown. 


Recital  of  Church  Music. 


Large  Congregation  at  the  Cathedrae  Listen  to 

Superb  Rendition  of  Ecclesiasticae  Music  under 
THE  Direction  of  Mr.  Pio  De  Luca. 

The  interest  aroused  by  the  announcement  that  there 
would  be  a rendition  of  church  music  in  the  Cathedral  on 
Thursday  evening  to  exemplify  the  provisions  of  the  Motu 
Proprio  of  Pius  X.,  said  the  Boston  Pilot  of  Nov.  7,  was 
well  evidenced  by  the  vast  throng  which  gathered  to  listen 
to  the  recital  given  by  the  Sanctuary  Choir  of  the  Cath- 
edral, under  the  direction  of  Rev.  M.  J.  Scanlan,  and  by 
the  Cathedral  Choir,  under  the  direction  of  Mr.  Pio  De 
Luca.  Mr.  James  T.  Whelan  was  the  organist  of  the  oc- 
casion. 

The  Sanctuary  Choir  performed  its  part  in  a satisfac- 
tory way  by  giving  selections  without  accompaniment,  il- 
lustrating the  style  of  Palestrina  and  other  composers. 

The  Introit,  Gradual,  Offertory  and  Common  of  the 
Mass  were  rendered  by  the  Sanctuary  Choir  with  good 
effect. 

The  Cathedral  Choir  gave  a splendid  exhibition  of  ex- 
quisite interpretation  of  liturgical  music.  After  rendering 
with  impressive  effect  parts  of  Casali’s  Mass  without  or- 
gan, in  the  second  part  of  the  program  they  gave  a beau- 
tiful rendition  of  Mattoni’s  Mass,  which  was  heard  by  most 
of  the  vast  congregation  for  the  first  time.  This  Mass, 
composed  by  Filippo  Mattoni,  the  alto  singer  of  St. 
Peter’s  Choir,  Rome,  at  the  instance  of  Father  De  Sanctis, 
S.J.,  a pioneer  in  the  movement  for  the  restoration  of 

127 


128  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


liturgical  music,  lends  itself  to  exquisite  effects ; and  the 
beauty  of  this  composition  was  brought  out  in  a most  ex- 
traordinary way  to  the  admiration  and  enjoyment  of  the 
vast  audience.  The  program  follows: — 

PROGRAM. 

Part  /, 

Organ  Selection,  “Alleluia  Dubois 

Mr.  James  T.  Whelax. 

Introit,  First  Sunday  in  Lent,  “Invocavit  Me”  G.  Capocci 

Saxctuary  Choir. 

Kyrie  G.  B.  Casali 

Church  Choir. 

Gradual,  First  Sunday  in  Lent,  “Angelis  Suis”  Cardoso 

Saxctuary  Choir. 

Offertory,  “In  Omnem  Terrain”  

Saxctuary  Choir. 

Sanctus  Casali 

Benedictus  Casali 

Church  Choir. 

Motet,  “Panis  Angelicus”  Palestrina 

Saxctuary  Choir. 

Agnus  Dei  Kretschmer 

Church  Choir. 


Part  II. 

Organ  Selection,  “Grand  Choeur  Widor 

Kyrie  (Manuscript)  Mattoni 

Church  Choir. 

Introit,  Feast  of  All  Saints,  “Gaudeamus  Capocci 

Saxctuary  Choir. 

Gloria  Krawutschke 

Church  Choir. 

Communion,  Feast  of  All  Saints  Grassi 

Saxctuary  Choir. 

Credo  (Manuscript)  Mattoni 

CnuTicn  Choir. 

Motet,  “Jubilate  Deo”  Aiblinger 

Saxctuary  Choir. 

Sanctus  Mattoni 

Benedictus  Mattoni 

Chutich  Choir. 

“Unfold  Ye  Portals”  Gounod 

Church  Choir. 

Finale  from  “Fifth  Sjunphony”  Beethoven 


VIEW  SHOWING  THE  CARDINAL  AND  ARCHBISHOP,  INTERESTEDLY 

WATCHING  THE  PARADE 


ANOTHER  VIEW  OF  THE  REVIEWING  STAND  NEAR  THE 

archbishop’s  residence 


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Sung  by  the  Priests’  Choir. 


Music  of  the  Requiem  Mass  for  the  Catholic  Dead 
OF  THE  Past  Hundred  Years. — Bishop 
Allen  was  Celebrant. 

Friday,  October  30,  was  set  apart  to  commemorate  the 
Catholic  dead  of  the  past  hundred  years.  There  was  Solemn 
Pontifical  High  Mass  of  Requiem  at  the  Cathedral,  with 
Bishop  Allen,  of  Mobile  as  celebrant,  Vicar-General  George 
J.  Patterson  as  assistant  priest.  Rev.  James  J.  McCarthy  as 
deacon.  Rev.  Thomas  R.  McCoy  as  sub-deacon,  and  Dr. 
Splaine  and  Dr.  Toomey  as  masters-of-ceremonies. 

The  Most  Reverend  Archbishop  was  present,  attended 
by  Rev.  William  P.  McQuaid  and  Rev.  Dr.  Baxter  of  St. 
James’  Church.  Within  the  sanctuary  were  Bishop  Casey 
of  St.  John,  N.  B.,  and  Bishop  Northrop  of  Charleston, 
S.  C. ; Mons.  Teeling  of  Lynn,  Mons.  Byrne  of  St.  Ceci- 
ia’s.  Rev.  Thomas  I.  Gasson,  S.  J.,  president  of  Boston 
College,  and  Rev.  W.  H.  Fitzpatrick  of  Milton,  and  many 
others. 

The  Priests’  Choir  rendered  the  music  of  the  Mass,  and 
the  devotional  way  in  which  the  plain  chant  was  interpreted 
added  to  the  solemnity  of  the  occasion.  The  Rev.  M.  J. 
Scanlan  was  the  director  of  the  Priests’  Choir,  and  the 
membership  is  as  follows: — 

Rev.  Joseph  Lawless  of  Arlington,  Rev.  F.  J.  Mullen  of 
Lowell,  Rev.  James  Doran  of  Hudson,  Rev.  William  J. 
Casey  of  Malden,  Rev.  J.  J.  O’Connor  of  Roxbury,  Rev. 
Charles  G.  Finn  of  Cambridge,  Rev.  James  A.  Donovan, 
South  Lawrence;  Rev.  W.  J.  Clarke,  Everett;  Rev.  James 

129 


130  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


A.  Supple,  D.  D.,  St.  Cecilia’s ; Rev.  John  McGarry,  Hav- 
erhill; Rev.  William  J.  Lyons,  Lynn;  Fr.  Fitzgibbon, 
Stoughton ; Rev.  Wilham  Ulrich,  Rev.  Richard  H.  Splaine, 
Mt.  Auburn;  Rev.  J.  J.  Harrington,  Reading;  Fr.  Gill, 
Brockton;  Rev.  J.  W.  Condon,  East  Boston;  Rev.  John 
McGrath,  Newton  Lower  Falls;  Rev.  Hugh  Blunt,  Dor- 
chester; Rev.  Joseph  Burns,  North  Andover;  Rev.  J.  J. 
Crane  of  the  Cathedral;  Rev.  Ambrose  Dore,  Somerville; 
Rev.  William  McNamara,  Allston;  Rev.  Charles  Cunning- 
ham, Salem;  Rev.  William  A.  Glynn,  Medford;  Rev.  Leo 
O’Neil,  St.  Cecilia’s ; Rev.  James  Phelan,  Charlestown ; 
Rev.  James  Kelly,  Newton;  Rev.  Peter  Quinn,  Roxbury; 
Rev.  John  Bowers,  Lawrence;  Rev.  John  Kelly,  East  Bos- 
ton; Rev.  Austin  Doherty,  South  End;  Rev.  John  Burns, 
Lowell;  Rev.  George  O’Connor,  Malden. 

Immediately  after  the  Mass  the  annual  meeting  of  the 
Clergy  Fund  Society  was  held.  Archbishop  O’Connell  pre- 
siding. 


Religious  Orders  and  Sisterhoods. 


Large  Attendance  of  the  Men  and  Women  who  are 
Doing  Educational  and  Charitable  Work. 

Sermon  Preached  by  Rev.  John  H.  O’Rourke,  S.  J. 

Saturday  morning,  October  31,  the  service  in  the  Cath- 
edral was  unique  in  the  series  of  Centenary  celebrations. 
It  brought  together  the  men  of  the  different  religious  or- 
ders laboring  in  the  diocese,  and  the  members  of  the  dif- 
ferent Sisterhoods  doing  educational  and  charitable  work. 
These  were  seated  in  the  broad  aisle  of  the  Cathedral,  and 
in  their  different  habits  presented  a picturesque  and  im- 
pressive sight. 

The  Solemn  Pontifical  High  Mass  was  celebrated  by 
Bishop  Guertin  of  Manchester,  Rev.  Thomas  I.  Gasson, 
S.  J.,  being  assistant  priest.  Rev.  Henri  de  la  Chapelle, 
S.  M.,  deacon,  and  Rev.  J.  M.  McRory,  O.  M.  I.,  sub- 
deacon. His  Grace  the  Archbishop  occupied  the  throne, 
attended  by  Rev.  James  T.  O’Reilly,  O.  S.  A.,  and  Rev. 
Fr.  Ubaldus,  O.  S.  F.  The  sermon  was  preached  by  Rev. 
John  H.  O’Rourke,  S.  J.,  and  was  an  eloquent  setting 
forth  of  the  work  of  the  religious  orders  in  the  archdiocese 
and  the  supernatural  character  of  their  labors.  Father 
O’Rourke  spoke,  in  part,  as  follows: — 

Who  can  tell  the  effect  of  the  lives  of  the  religious  men 
and  women  who  have  labored  and  toiled  during  the  up- 
growing  of  this  great  diocese.^  During  the  last  hundred 
years  men  have  been  drifting  away  from  the  supernatural. 
The  love  of  material  comfort  and  of  wealth  and  of  ease  and 


131 


132  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


of  self  has  been  tightening  its  grip  upon  human  hearts  and 
binding  them  as  with  hoops  of  steel.  One  effect  of  the 
severance  of  nations  from  the  Catholic  Church  is,  as  you 
are  well  aware,  an  indifference  to  all  religion.  Every  day 
it  stands  out  more  clearly  to  the  observant  man  that  it  is 
Catholicism  or  nothing.  The  idea  of  the  supernatural  has 
been  fading  away  and  growing  dimmer,  and  now  right  here 
in  Boston  for  nearly  a hundred  years  there  has  been  in  our 
midst  a force  which  has  been  lifting  up  the  leaden  hearts 
of  men  to  the  things  of  God — ^to  things  of  eternity — lift- 
ing them  up  from  things  that  pass  away  to  things  that  en- 
dure. And  that  force  has  been  the  power  of  prayer  before 
God’s  holy  altar  within  the  religious  communities  of  this 
great  diocese. 

Just  as  in  nature  and  in  the  natural  world  there  is  the 
force  of  gravity  which  draws  everything  to  the  centre  and 
this  force  is  constant  and  natural,  so  all  these  years  there 
has  been  going  on  in  New  England  a silent  force  as  con- 
stant and  as  universal  as  the  force  of  gravity — I mean  the 
force  and  power  of  prayer,  which  has  been  lifting  men’s 
thoughts  from  earth  to  heaven,  and  influencing  men’s  lives 
toward  the  true  end  for  which  they  were  created.  Great 
indeed  is  the  influence  of  wealth,  great  the  influence  of 
family  and  blood,  great  the  influence  of  position,  but  what 
are  they  in  the  sight  of  God  compared  with  the  power  of 
the  prayer  of  the  just  man.?  Yet  in  all  these  years  in  ever}" 
convent,  in  every  religious  home,  before  the  altar  in  every 
religious  community,  there  has  gone  up  the  incense  and 
fragrance  of  prayer.  It  has  been  to  the  spiritual  life  of 
Boston  what  the  air  is  to  men’s  lungs,  what  the  food  is  to 
his  body,  what  the  water  is  to  the  fish  in  the  sea,  what  the 
electric  current  is  to  the  trolley  outside  the  door. 

During  the  century  which  has  just  passed  great  advance 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  133 


has  been  made  in  material  prosperity.  Men  have  grown 
day  by  day  to  love  comfort  more  and  to  seek  their  ease 
and  gratification,  often  irrespective  of  the  dictates  of  con- 
science. They  have  lived  like  the  rich  man  in  the  Gospel 
who  was  clothed  in  purple  and  fine  linen  and  feasted  sump- 
tuously. In  a word,  they  have  grown  to  love  themselves ; 
and  now  right  in  their  midst,  from  the  rising  to  the  setting 
of  the  sun  for  the  past  century,  there  has  been  an  object 
lesson  before  their  eyes  of  total  unselfishness  and  self-for- 
getfulness. 

Who  are  these  religious  men  and  women  Are  they  be- 
ings from  another  planet.^  Are  they  men  and  women  of 
different  natures  from  ourselves.^  No,  they  are  men  and 
women  with  the  same  inclinations,  the  same  tendencies,  the 
same  affection,  the  love  for  father  and  mother.  Fine  gar- 
ments are  naturally  agreeable  to  them.  They  shiver  in  the 
cold,  they  feel  hunger  and  thirst.  Laugh  at  them  and  they 
blush. 

The  religious  life  that  a man  or  a woman  attempts  to 
live  does  not  destroy  nature  or  natural  instincts,  but  it 
gives  him  the  power  to  hold  them  in  check  and  restraint. 
This  is  the  lesson  that  has  been  taught  by  the  religious 
communities  of  Boston  from  sun  up  to  sun  down  for  the 
past  hundred  years;  the  lesson  that  there  is  something 
brighter  than  the  glint  of  gold,  that  there  is  a treasure 
more  precious  than  that  which  the  robber  breaks  in  and 
steals  away,  that  there  are  pleasures  higher  than  those  of 
sense ; the  lesson  that  he  who  conquers  self  is  greater  than 
he  who  conquers  cities,  the  lesson  that  man  has  two  lives, 
one  of  the  body,  one  of  the  soul — one  of  earth  that  dies  at 
the  tomb  and  one  that  begins  to  live  at  the  grave.  Your 
very  lives,  your  very  existence  has  been  an  object  lesson 
for  one  hundred  years. 


134  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


Now,  my  dear  brothers  and  sisters,  let  me  pass  on  to 
your  active  works.  Roughly,  they  may  be  divided  into  two 
classes,  corporal  works  of  mercy  and  spiritual,  including 
especially  the  great  work  of  education.  Works  that  tend 
toward  the  alleviation  of  bodily  ills,  works  that  are  di- 
rected to  the  development  of  the  mind  and  the  growth  of 
the  spirit.  I have  not  the  time  or  the  eloquence  to  tell 
the  story  of  the  bodily  works  of  mercy  performed  by  the 
religious  communities  of  this  diocese  during  the  past  cen- 
tury. The  sweet  charity  which  has  characterized  your 
lives  has  no  tinge  of  the  modern  philanthropy  so  loudly 
asserted  by  a George  Eliot  or  a Humphrey  Ward,  or  by 
the  professors  of  the  new  humanitarian  cult.  It  has  no 
semblance  of  charity  or  shadow.  It  is  no  mawkish  senti- 
mentality. It  is  no  lofty  patronage  which  pains  more  than 
it  relieves.  It  doesn’t  consist  in  commiittee  meetings  and 
schemes,  while  those  in  want  die  of  hunger  or  are  relegated 
to  the  dark  rooms  of  the  poor-house. 

But  your  charity  has  been  learned  at  the  feet  of  the  cru- 
cifix, where  the  poor  bruised  lips  of  the  dying  iMaster  have 
vTiispered  to  you  every  morning  in  your  hours  of  prayer 
that  kindness  shown  to  the  poor  is  kindness  shown  to  Him. 

“Amen,  I say  unto  you,  whatsoever  you  have  done  to 
the  least  of  these,  you  have  done  it  to  Me.”  This  is  Chris- 
tian charity.  This  charity  has  marked  the  lives  of  the  re- 
ligious communities  in  the  past  in  their  great  work  in  the 
diocese  of  Boston,  and  it  marks  their  lives  today.  No  form 
of  suffering  is  foreign  to  their  s^’^mpathy  and  aid. 

Night  and  day,  during  all  these  years  of  the  century 
just  dead,  they  have  sought  their  heaven-appointed  task; 
they  have  dried  the  tearful  eyes,  moistened  the  parched 
lips;  they  have  fed  the  hungry,  as  the  Master  did  on  the 
lake  shore ; they  have  given  drink  to  the  thirsty,  clothed 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  135 


the  naked,  visited  those  who  were  sick  and  in  prison,  and 
have  poured  a balm  of  comfort  and  heahng  on  every 
wounded  and  aching  heart.  They  have  taken  into  their 
homes  the  orphan  and  fatherless,  taken  them  from  homes 
of  poverty,  often  from  the  haunts  of  sin  and  shame ; have 
thrown  open  their  doors  and  taken  in  from  a cold  and 
cruel  world  those  who  have  been  led  as  they  have  been,  cast 
out  as  soiled  and  stained  by  the  very  authors  of  their 
shame.  These  have  been  taken  when  all  hope  was  gone  and 
when  they  were  sinking  from  shame  into  the  last  stages 
of  degradation  and  despair.  The  Cathohc  Church  alone 
has  an  order  that  devotes  to  the  care  of  uphfting  all -those 
unfortunate  beings,  her  purest  and  most  stainless  \drgins. 
But  no  tongue  can  tell  this  story.  That  story  is  for  the 
pen  of  the  recording  angel.  We  can  tell  the  deeds  of  a 
Csesar,  of  a Hannibal,  of  a Napoleon,  but  what  monuments 
have  they  left  after  them,  what  proof  is  there  of  their  vic- 
tory? The  tears  of  the  orphan  and  the  widow,  blighted 
homes  and  ruined  lives  follow  in  the  wake  of  their  victory. 
But  what  a monument  you,  my  dear  brothers  and  sisters, 
have  erected  and  those  who  have  gone  before  you.  The 
prayers  of  foundlings  and  orphans,  the  tears  and  repent- 
ance of  hundreds  of  Magdalens,  the  prayers  of  tens  of 
thousands  of  sufferers,  whether  on  the  cot  in  the  hospital 
or  on  the  battlefield  amid  the  din  of  shot  and  shell — this  is 
your  monument,  this  is  your  victory. 

Your  lives  are  not  only  precious  in  the  sight  of  God, 
not  only  are  you  striving  for  the  salvation  of  mortal  souls, 
but  by  devoting  your  energies  to  the  cause  of  religious  edu- 
cation you  are  strengthening  the  props  and  the  pillars 
upon  which  this  nation  alone  can  permanently  rest.  The 
day  has  gone  by  when  Catholic  loyalty  and  Catholic  love 
of  country  can  be  called  into  question.  The  day  has  gone 


136  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


by  when  we  have  to  prove  our  patriotism.  Gettysburg, 
Antietam,  Bull  Run  and  Yorktown  tell  by  their  blood- 
stained fields  the  story  of  Catholic  love  of  country.  Your 
daily  lives,  lives  of  labor,  lives  of  sacrifice,  lives  of  de- 
votedness to  the  cause  of  education  day  in  and  day  out  in 
the  foetid  atmosphere  of  the  classroom,  instilling  Christian 
precepts  and  example  into  the  minds  and  hearts  of  your 
pupils,  tell  louder  than  cannon’s  din  or  bursting  shell  your 
love  of  country. 

But  in  this  great  work,  in  you  corporal  works  of  mercy 
and  in  the  tireless  drudgery  of  education,  what  is  the  mo- 
tive, what  is  the  aim  which  dominates  the  lives  of  the  re- 
ligious men  and  women  given  up  to  it  for  the  past  hundred 
years.?  It  is,  my  brothers,  and  mark  it  well,  it  is  the  per- 
sonal love  of  Jesus  Christ  which  burns  within  their  souls. 
It  is  that  personal  affection  for  Him  that  makes  their 
hearts  warm  and  their  arms  strong.  This  the  dominant 
note  which  rings  through  the  whole  harmony  of  the  history 
of  the  religious  orders  of  the  Catholic  Church. 


A COMPANY  OF  TIIP:  HOLY  NAME  SOCIETY  PASSINC;  THE  KEYIEWING  STAND 


THE  NIGHT  WORKERS  CHAPEL  IN  THE  H.  N.  S.  PARADE 


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Te  Deum  in  the  Cathedral 


Closing  Centenary  Services  Attended  by  Cardinal 
Gibbons. — Gift  of  Automobile  to 
Archbishop  O’Connell. 


The  religious  observance  of  the  centenary  of  the  found- 
ing of  the  Catholic  diocese  of  Boston  came  to  a close  with 
the  Te  Deum  in  the  Cathedral  of  the  Holy  Cross,  Sunday, 
evening,  November  1.  The  cathedral  was  filled  to  overflow- 
ing. The  Te  Deum  was  intoned  by  Cardinal  Gibbons  and 
then  the  verses  of  the  hymn  of  thanksgiving  were  alter- 
nately sung  by  the  choir  and  the  clergy.  Archbishop 
O’Connell  was  present  at  this  closing  ceremony  and  was 
attended  by  Rev.  Dr.  J.  D.  Toomey  as  chaplain.  Chancel- 
lor Splaine  was  master  of  ceremonies. 

At  the  conclusion  of  the  ceremony  the  prelates  and 
priests  proceeded  to  the  vestry,  where  a most  pleasing  in- 
cident took  place — the  presentation  from  a number  of  lay- 
men of  a handsome  automobile  to  Archbishop  O’Connell  as 
a centennial  remembrance.  This  came  as  a great  surprise 
to  the  archbishop  and  the  large  number  of  clergy  who  were 
gathered  in  the  vestry.  The  presentation  speech  was  made 
by  Charles  Logue. 

In  the  morning  the  cathedral  was  well  filled  with  a rep- 
resentative congregation  from  all  parts  of  the  city  and  dio- 
cese. Preceding  the  solemn  pontifical  mass  there  was  a 
procession  from  the  cathedral  rectory,  led  by  thurifers, 
cross-bearer,  and  acolytes.  Behind  them  came  the  large 
sanctuary  choir,  and  then  the  cathedral  and  visiting  priests. 
Bishop  Allen  of  IMobile,  Bishop  Northrop  of  Charleston, 

136  a 


i36b  centenary  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


S.  C.,  and  Bishop  Casey  of  St.  John,  N.  B.,  were  next  in 
the  line,  and  then  followed  the  officers  of  the  mass.  Chancel- 
lor, Splaine,  master  of  ceremonies ; Rev.  Thomas  R.  Mc- 
Coy, subdeacon;  Rev.  James  J.  McCarthy  and  Rev.  Fr. 
James  Hayes,  CSSR.,  of  the  Mission  Church,  deacon  and 
asistant  priest,  respectively ; Rev.  James  A.  Walsh,  diocesan 
director  of  the  Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the  Faith, 
and  Rev.  Fr.  J.  J.  Redican,  of  the  Working  Boys’  Home, 
deacons  of  honor.  In  his  full  pontificals,  wearing  the  mitre 
and  carrying  the  episcopal  staff,  was  Archbishop  O’Connell. 
The  chaplains  to  the  cardinal  were  Rt.  Rev.  Mgr.  Thomas 
Magennis  of  Jamaica  Plain  and  Rt.  Rev.  Mgr.  A.  J.  Teel- 
ing  of  Lynn.  Cardinal  Gibbons  robed  in  his  handsome 
cappa  magna,  was  followed  by  the  train  bearers. 

Archbishop  O’Connell  was  celebrant  of  the  mass. 
After  the  gospel  he  made  a few  remarks.  He  thanked 
Cardinal  Gibbons  for  his  presence  at  the  centennial  exer- 
cises, and  said  it  would  be  another  link  in  the  affection  of 
the  Boston  and  Baltimore  dioceses.  After  the  services  the 
archbishop  returned  to  his  house  on  Granby  Street,  while 
the  cardinal  remained  at  the  cathedral  rectory  for  a rest, 
and  did  not  leave  there  until  after  two  o’clock  to  join  the 
archbishop  in  reviewing  the  Holy  Name  parade. 


MAYOR  HIBBARD,  ARCHBISHOP  O’CONNELL  AND  CARDINAL  GIBBONS 
REVIEWING  THE  HOLY  NAME  SOCIETY  PARADE 


Witnessed  by  275,000  Persons. 


Boston  Never  Saw  Such  a Crowd  of  Spectators  as 

Lined  its  Principae  Streets  and  Avenues  During 
THE  Passage  of  the  Holy  Name  Parade. 

One  of  the  largest  crowds  which  ever  assembled  to  witness 
a parade  in  Boston,  and  a crowd  which  was  the  largest  ever 
in  this  city  on  a Sunday,  saw  and  appreciated  the  march  of 
the  Holy  Name  Societies  given  in  honor  of  the  centenary  of 
the  founding  of  the  diocese  of  Boston,  Sunday,  Nov.  1.  It 
was  a crowd  remarkable  not  alone  for  its  immensity,  but  for 
its  appearance  and  its  behavior.  It  was  creditable  alike  to 
the  great  event  which  inspired  its  gathering,  and  to  the  city 
and  commonwealth  in  which  it  was  assembled. 

Like  the  clean,  well-dressed  paraders  whom  it  viewed,  the 
assembled  multitude  was  prosperous  in  appearance  and  or- 
derly in  its  demeanor.  In  all  the  vast  throng  which  filled 
Beacon  St.,  Commonwealth  Ave.,  Newbury  St.,  Marlboro 
St.,  Boylston  St.,  Bay  State  Road,  and  other  thoroughfares 
of  the  Back  Bay  from  curb  to  curb,  there  was  no  avoid- 
able disorder,  and  there  was  no  boisterousness.  A Globe  re- 
porter who  went  over  the  line  of  march  and  mingled  with 
the  crowds,  did  not,  in  the  whole  afternoon,  see  one  person 
who  showed  the  slightest  signs  of  having  indulged  in  liquor. 
So  much  could  not  be  said  of  any  other  large  parade  in  the 
past  history  of  Boston. 

It  would  be  highly  interesting  to  know  just  how  many 
people  saw  the  parade,  but  that  is  knowledge  which  no  one 
ever  can  possess,  because  there  were  so  many  people  there, 
and  they  came  and  went  in  never-ending  streams,  so  that 
the  crowd  was  never  the  same  for  any  ten  minutes. 

137 


138  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


Estimates  of  the  number  of  people  who  saw  the  parade, 
either  in  part  or  in  whole,  vary  widely,  ranging  from  200,- 
000  to  as  high  as  600,000.  The  estimates  of  a number  of 
men  who  are  accustomed  to  figuring  on  large  crowds,  run 
all  the  way  from  200,000  to  300,000,  and  even  over  the  lat- 
ter number.  Perhaps  calling  the  number  of  spectators 
275,000  would  not  be  far  out  of  the  way. 

Two  hundred  and  seventy-five  thousand  people  are  a 
good  many,  but  there  were  a good  many  out,  and 
they  not  only  lined  the  streets  for  two  and  a half  miles, 
which  it  was  estimated  was  the  distance  over  which  the 
paraders  marched,  but  there  were  many  people  in  Newbury 
St.,  Boylston  St.,  and  other  thoroughfares  over  which  the 
divisions  marched  going  to  or  coming  from  the  regular  line 
of  parade,  and  many  of  these  people  never  got  on  the  line 
of  march  at  all. 

For  those  who  were  warmly  clad,  and  who  could  find  room 
enough  in  which  to  move  about,  the  day  was  ideal  for  such 
a grand  spectacle  as  the  marching  hosts  with  their  bands 
playing  and  banners  flying  presented.  The  sun  shone 
brightly  and  the  crisp  northwest  wind  was  bracing.  It  was 
a day  on  which  one  felt  glad  to  be  alive,  but  it -was  also  a 
day  on  which  one  wanted  to  keep  moving  out  of  doors  in 
order  to  secure  a comfortable  circulation  of  the  blood. 

There  were  no  spectacular  features,  far  from  it,  but  it 
was  interesting  from  the  beginning  of  it  in  the  bright  sun- 
shine of  noonday  to  the  passing  of  the  last  division  under  the 
glare  of  the  electric  lights  and  the  moon  in  its  first  quarter 
shining  from  a cloudless  sky.  It  was  a parade  of  a body  of 
cleanly,  well-dressed,  earnest  men  who  represented  a great 
and  a good  principle,  and  who,  considering  the  time  in 
which  they  have  had  to  drill,  marched  with  extraordinary 
precision,  and  there  were  thousands  upon  thousands  who 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  139 


could  not  be  induced  to  leave  until  the  last  division  had 
passed  by. 

It  required  approximately  five  hours  for  the  paraders  to 
march  past  a given  point,  and  enthusiasm  on  the  part  of 
the  spectators  grew  from  the  beginning,  grew  with  the  ap- 
preciation of  the  magnitude  of  the  outpouring,  and  reached 
its  climax  in  a feehng  that  the  time  had  been  well  and 
profitably  spent  at  the  end  of  it  all. 

There  were  not  only  the  proudly  marching  men  and  boys 
to  watch,  but  there  was  the  music  of  scores  of  good  bands, 
enlivening,  cheery  tunes  to  interest  and  entertain  the 
throngs,  and  besides  there  was  the  pleasure,  as  well  as  the 
profit  to  be  derived  from  watching  the  people  who  made  up 
the  crowds  themselves.  One  could  only  wonder  and  wonder 
as  to  where  so  many  people  came  from,  and  how  they  were 
ever  going  to  get  to  their  homes  again. 

It  spoke  volumes  for  Boston’s  transportation  facilities 
that  so  great  a crowd  could  be  assembled  in  the  few  hours 
which  it  required  to  get  them  together,  and  it  was  equally 
wonderful  to  consider  how  quickly,  how  quietly,  and  how 
successfully  the  people  disappeared  from  the  Back  Bay  sec- 
tion where  the  parade  had  been  held.  All  steam  roads  and 
electric  lines  led  to  Boston  during  the  forenoon,  and  many 
of  them  led  away  from  here  after  nightfall. 

The  great  interest  that  was  felt  in  the  parade  was  evi- 
denced long  before  noon  by  the  crowds  which  appeared  from 
all  directions  in  that  section  of  the  Back  Bay  through  which 
the  line  of  march  had  been  laid,  and  by  1.45  o’clock,  the 
time  fixed  for  the  parade  to  start,  the  entire  route  over 
which  the  paraders  were  to  march  was  lined  on  both  sides 
by  friendly,  enthusiastic  spectators. 

When  the  bands  struck  up  and  the  lines  of  men,  marching 
twelve  abreast,  and  swinging  along  at  the  rate  of  8,000  an 
hour,  got  under  way,  everybody  became  interested  at  once, 


140  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


and  the  crowds  increased  with  marvelous  rapidity.  On 
Beacon  St.  when  the  line  first  moved  there  was  a good-sized 
crowd  all  the  way,  not  a circumstance  to  what  it  was  an 
hour  later,  and  an  hour  later  still  the  crowd  had  doubled  in 
numbers. 

The  reporters  who  marched  with  the  first  division  as  far 
as  the  reviewing  stand  knew  before  they  reached  the  arch- 
bishop’s residence  that  they  were  passing  by  a great  throng 
of  people,  but  when  they  got  in  sight  of  the  open  spaces 
beyond  and  saw  simply  acres  and  acres  of  people  standing 
out  there  in  the  wind,  which  came  sharp  and  cold  across  the 
river,  they  began  to  think  they  had  not  appreciated  how 
big  a turnout  the  parade  had  occasioned. 

It  was  w'hen  one  came  with  the  paraders  down  Common- 
wealth Ave.  and  struck  the  wide  space  near  the  Buckminster 
that  a really  comprehensive  idea  of  the  vastness  of  the 
crowd  was  first  had,  for  as  far  as  one  could  see  toward  the 
east  there  was  nothing  but  people  and  more  people  and  then 
people.  On  Bay  State  Road  there  was  as  on  Beacon  St.  a 
crowd  so  large  that  the  dignitaries  of  the  church  must  have 
been  pleased.  On  Bay  State  Road  near  Ashby  St.,  the 
members  of  St.  Alphonsus’  Association  of  the  Mission 
Church  had  erected  a grandstand,  which  they  had  crowded 
to  its  capacity  with  people,  and  there  were  thousands  stand- 
ing about ; but  in  numbers,  great  as  they  were,  they  looked 
scattering  in  comparison  to  that  sea  of  humanity  which 
stretched  from  curb  to  curb  and  as  far  ahead  as  one  could 
see  when  one  turned  the  bend  into  Commonwealth  Ave. 

The  people  there  were  not  only  occupying  pretty  nearly 
every  inch  of  the  wide  thoroughfare  from  which  a view  of 
the  marching  men  could  be  had,  but  they  had  bestowed 
themselves  in  every  other  place  from  which  they  could  see. 
Nearly  every  window  of  every  house  framed  from  two  to  a 
dozen  faces,  and  from  curb  to  the  walls  of  the  houses  the 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  141 


people  were  just  packed  in,  and  the  big  front  steps  which 
lead  to  the  houses  along  there  were  crowded  to  their  capac- 
ity with  people. 

At  the  Collins  monument  where  grandstands  had  been 
erected  for  the  unveiling,  every  seat  in  that  structure,  al- 
though the  grandstand  faces  away  from  the  avenue,  had 
been  taken,  and  when  the  paraders  marched  past  the  occu- 
pants of  the  seats  stood  up  and  caught  such  glimpses  of  the 
paraders  as  they  could. 

At  the  Vendome  the  windows  were  filled  with  guests,  and 
about  the  outside  of  the  hotel  there  were  several  thousands 
of  spectators  grouped.  Approaching  Massachusetts  Ave., 
the  men  in  the  line  got  their  first  sight  of  fire-escapes  being 
utilized  as  grandstands,  for  on  the  big  buildings  command- 
ing a view  of  Commonwealth  Ave.,  the  fire  escapes  were 
simply  loaded  with  men  and  boys,  and  even  some  young 
women,  who  were  anxious  to  see  the  spectacle  passing  down 
the  avenue. 

The  parade  passed  down  the  east  side  of  Commonwealth 
Ave.,  and  those  who  marched  could  see  nothing  of  the  park- 
way to  their  left,  because  it  was  filled  with  people  as  far 
back  as  the  marchers  could  see,  and  on  the  sidewalk  oppo- 
site there  was  presented  the  sight  of  a throng  which  filled 
the  space  from  the  curb  right  back  to  the  walls  of  the 
houses  and  occupied  the  front  steps  clear  to  the  doors. 

Every  electric  light  pole,  some  of  the  monuments  and  as 
many  of  the  trees  in  the  parkway  as  could  be  utilized  had 
been  taken  advantage  of  by  young  men,  who  had  climbed 
up  to  get  a good  view  of  the  paraders,  and  who  clung  to 
their  precarious  rests  hour  after  hour.  Occasionally  a po- 
liceman would  try  to  drive  the  young  men  and  boys  down, 
but  it  would  have  taken  more  than  the  500  policemen  on 
duty  to  have  gotten  all  of  them  down  and  kept  them  down. 

Whatever  emotions  were  aroused  in  the  spectators  as  they 


142  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


viewed  the  marching  hosts  of  men,  and  everybody  did  seem 
to  think  mighty  well  of  the  paraders,  they  failed  to  get  the 
view  that  those  who  marched  did  of  the  pretty  girls  on  both 
sides  of  the  streets  through  which  the  line  moved.  The 
number  of  fresh,  healthy  and  extraordinarily  pretty  girls 
who  were  grouped  the  entire  length  of  the  parade  and  who 
admired  and  cheered  the  marchers,  was  most  remarkable, 
and  was  generally  commented  on.  Naturally  a good  many 
hundreds,  not  to  say  thousands,  of  the  pretty  girls  looked 
so  animated  and  interested  because  their  particular  friends 
were  in  the  parade,  and  it  is  no  wonder  that  the  young  men 
stepped  proudly  along  before  such  charming  spectators. 
Where  in  the  world  so  many  fine  looking  girls  and  young 
women  came  from,  goodness  only  knows,  but  they  were 
there,  and  a mighty  cheering,  comforting  sight  they  were, 
too. 

The  pretty  girls  did  not  concentrate  anywhere,  and  may 
be  it  was  because  there  were  so  many  of  them;  but  the 
general  crowd  was  the  heaviest,  the  thickest  and  the  most 
imposing  at  the  junction  of  Commonwealth  Avenue  and 
Arlington  Street,  where  it  had  been  arranged  that  the  line 
should  be  dismissed.  That  was  the  place  where  the  great- 
est congestion  of  the  entire  day  occurred,  and  occasionally 
the  marchers  had  to  halt  until  the  marshals  and  the  police 
could  make  way  through  the  crowds  for  them. 

Great  as  the  congestion  was  there,  however,  the  unfailing 
good  nature  of  the  crowd,  which  had  been  one  of  the  most 
remarkable  features  of  an  altogether  remarkable  demonstra- 
tion, prevailed,  and  while  a very  great  many  people  got  in 
the  way  of  the  paraders  and  held  them  up  temporarily  at 
times,  and  while  they  made  a lot  of  work  for  the  police  on 
duty  there,  they  tried  to  get  back  and  helped  the  city  and 
parade  authorities  all  they  could.  Still  there  were  so  many 
folks  beliind  everybody  else,  as  it  seemed,  that  getting  back 


CENTENARY. OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  143 


when  requested  or  ordered  to  do  so  was  next  to  impossible, 
and  some  little  confusion  resulted,  but  it  was  nothing 
serious. 

It  was  a wonderful  sight  to  see  that  great  crowd  disin- 
tegrate after  the  last  man  of  the  last  division  had  passed 
the  corner  of  Commonwealth  Avenue  and  Arlington  Street, 
opposite  the  Public  Garden. 


Holy  Name  Parade  Largest  Ever 
Held  in  Boston. 


Fully  39,000  in  Line  Beside  5,000  Musicians — Viewed 
BY  Hundreds  of  Thousands. 

Patriotism,  as  well  as  Allegiance  to  Church,  Shown 

IN  Insignia. 

Fully  39,000  men  participated  in  the  parade  of  the 
Holy  Name  Society,  November  1,  which  was  the  spectacu- 
lar feature  of  the  last  day  of  the  observance  of  the  cen- 
tennial of  the  archdiocese  of  Boston.  Four  hours  and  forty 
minutes  were  required  for  the  passage  of  this  host  of  mem- 
bers of  one  society  of  the  Catholic  Church  before  the  re- 
viewing stand,  which  was  erected  on  a lot  adjoining  the 
residence  of  Most  Rev.  William  H.  O’Connell,  archbishop 
of  the  diocese.  With  his  grace  on  this  occasion  was  James 
Cardinal  Gibbons,  primate  of  the  church  in  America,  and 
his  eminence  had  an  opportunity  to  judge  of  the  numerical 
strength  of  the  Catholic  men  of  eastern  Massachusetts. 

Cardinal  Gibbons  braved  the  penetrating  wind  and  the 
raw  atmosphere  that  he  might  witness  the  passage  of  serried 
ranks  of  men  who  represented  the  health  and  vigor  of  the 
church.  Beside  him  sat  Archbishop  O’Connell,  interested  in 
every  unit  of  that  great  procession,  with  eye  on  the  alert 
for  opportunities  to  commend.  The  two  dignitaries  of  the 
church  were  often  moved  to  express  their  approbation,  and 
unmindful  of  the  cold.  Cardinal  Gibbons  removed  his  gloves 
that  the  marching  phalanx  might  have  audible  proof  of  his 
gratification  and  admiration  as  he  clapped  his  hands. 

144 


GENERAL  VIEW  OF  THE  H.  N.  S.  PARADE,  SHOWING  THE  TRIUMPHAL  ARCH  ACROSS  BAY  STATE  ROAD,  NEAR  THE  ARCHBISHOP’S  HOUSE 


^ ’ ' ’ * -^1 


: fF?-  .7^:^2 

' r?'-^  *:v  ^ ■ \ ' ' ^ 

\%  amssi 


■ ^ -,>‘'<X*  . . 'vr  1 

^ . ji  * . 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  145 


Mayor  George  A.  Hibbard  sat  with  the  two  distinguished 
churchmen  during  the  entire  time  that  the  parade  was  pass- 
ing. 

For  more  than  five  hours  this  body  of  men  was  on  the 
move  in  parade,  and  many  of  the  parish  societies  of  the 
Holy  Name  had  to  wait  in  the  chilling  wind  before  their  di- 
vision started.  The  route  was  short,  requiring  only  about 
an  hour  to  cover. 

The  parade  moved  rapidly,  and  the  first  twelve  divisions 
passed  with  hardly  a break.  So  expeditious  was  the  prog- 
ress of  the  procession  that  during  the  first  two  hours  some 
20,000  men  passed  the  renewing  stand. 

There  were  fourteen  divisions  in  line,  the  last  three  being 
the  weakest  numerically.  Every  parish  in  the  archdiocese 
was  represented,  and  those  farthest  removed  from  Boston 
had  a surprisingly  large  percentage  of  the  members  in  line. 

Men  eminent  in  civil  life  took  part  in  the  procession. 
In  the  ranks  were  a candidate  for  governor,  two  candidates 
for  congress,  an  ex-mayor,  members  of  the  board  of  aider- 
men,  and  others  whose  names  have  a high  place  in  the  busi- 
ness circles  of  Boston  and  vicinity. 

In  point  of  numbers  it  was  the  largest  parade  that  has 
been  held  in  Boston,  for  few  of  the  remarkable  processions 
have  exceeded  the  30,000  mark.  There  has  been  no  demon- 
stration by  a rehgious  organization  that  has  ever  ap- 
proached it  in  this  city.  No  military  or  civic  bodies  have 
placed  so  many  men  in  line  for  public  parade  in  Boston. 

The  39,000  men  in  line  represent  the  members  of  the 
Holy  Name  Society,  for  bands  are  not  included  in  this  esti- 
mate. There  were  eighty  bands,  aggregating  5,000  musi- 
cians. There  was  so  active  a demand  for  bands,  as  every 
organization  had  its  music,  that  a number  of  the  musicians 
went  over  the  route  successively  with  several  societies. 

It  was  a parade  of  men,  old  men,  young  men  and  boys. 


146  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


of  citizens  and  not  soldiers.  As  a procession  it  was  the 
more  impressive,  not  from  the  way  it  proceeded  over  the 
route,  but  for  what  it  exemplified  in  devotion  to  the  relig- 
ious body  beneath  whose  cross  and  banners  it  marched.  It 
was  the  manifestation  of  the  fervor  and  interest  of  39,000 
men  allied  with  one  society  in  the  Catholic  church. 

Yet  as  a spectacle  this  orderly  outpouring  of  such  a host 
was  not  restricted  to  the  mere  exhibition  of  numbers.  It 
was  not  alone  the  demonstration  of  strength  that  held  the 
attention  of  some  275,000  men,  women  and  children  hour 
after  hour  along  the  way.  Such  an  assembly  of  spectators 
would  not  be  retained  by  the  ordinary  files  of  men  marching. 
No  one  looked  for  the  precision  or  military  excellence  ex- 
pected of  a trained  body,  nor  for  the  variety  of  garb  that 
delights  the  eye  in  a march  of  civic  societies. 

Yet,  in  the  short  time  these  societies  had  been  preparing 
for  this  event,  they  had  managed  to  absorb  a great  deal  of 
the  external  spirit  of  the  military.  As  a rule  they  marched 
well,  and  many  of  the  files  would  have  done  credit  to  a thor- 
oughly drilled  militia  company.  Company  after  company 
tramped  over  the  route  as  though  parading  had  been  their 
daily  occupation  and  recreation. 

The  parade  looked  what  it  was,  a body  of  American  citi- 
zens. The  men  were  neatly  and  carefully  dressed.  Most 
of  them  wore  black  or  dark  clothes  and  their  neckwear  was 
consistent,  black  and  white  being  the  prevailing  hues. 

The  division  marshals  and  their  staffs  wore  long  coats 
and  tall  hats,  and  bright-colored  sashes  to  designate  their 
official  capacity.  Leaders  of  the  parish  societies  were  simi- 
larly clad,  and  the  rank  and  file,  save  for  the  uniformed  bat- 
talions of  boys,  wore  black  derby  hats. 

The  stars  and  stripes  were  conspicuous  throughout  the 
line.  Beside  the  bearer  of  each  parish  society  banner  there 
walked  a sturdy  color-bearer  holding  aloft  the  American 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  147 


flag.  Many  of  the  societies,  to  give  more  individuality  to 
their  companies,  provided  each  man  with  a small  American 
flag.  Other  company  commanders  placed  them  in  the 
hands  of  their  file  markers. 

Patriotism  as  well  as  allegiance  to  the  church  was  ex- 
pressed by  these  39,000  men,  with  the  insignia  of  their  so- 
ciety and  the  flag  of  their  country  in  constant  intimate  as- 
sociation. 

Other  methods  of  adding  to  the  pictorial  effect  were  em- 
ployed and  with  very  good  taste.  Small  triangular  ban- 
ners of  red,  white  and  blue  were  borne  by  many  companies, 
and  others  had  little  flags  of  yellow  and  white,  bearing  the 
papal  arms.  Green  and  purple  were  preferred  by  some  of 
the  Holy  Name  organizations  for  their  individual  pennants, 
and  this  difference  of  choice  gave  a pleasing  variety  to  the 
spectacle. 

As  an  abstract  proposition  it  looked  rather  a difficult  task 
to  Maj.  John  J.  Leonard,  the  chief  marshal,  and  his  aids, 
to  assemble  so  many  bodies,  get  them  into  their  order  in  the 
roster,  and  send  them  over  the  route  on  time.  But  prompt- 
ness and  dispatch  were  accomplished  with  singular  success. 

Though  they  came  by  train  and  trolley  from  points  as 
far  away  as  Newbury  port  and  Worcester,  the  companies  all, 
save  one  division,  were  started  on  time  and  were  sent  over 
the  route  in  the  prescribed  period.  Maj.  Leonard  and  his 
assistants  had  figured  out  every  detail,  and  the  results  were 
just  as  planned. 

For  an  hour  before  the  start  these  thousands  of  men 
were  pouring  into  Beacon  St.,  Marlboro  and  Newbury 
Sts.,  between  Arlington  St.  and  Massachusetts  Ave.  But 
there  was  order  in  the  mass,  for  each  company  found  its 
division  and  then  quietly  waited  for  the  order  to  move. 

Maj.  Leonard  had  fixed  12.45  P.  M.  as  the  hour  for  the 
parade  to  leave  the  corner  of  Massachusetts  Ave.  and  Bea- 


148  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


con  St. ; when  the  hands  on  his  watch  indicated  that  hour 
the  chief  marshal  gave  the  order  to  march,  and  the  com- 
mand moved  up  Beacon  St.  between  the  rows  of  people 
packed  from  the  curb  to  the  front  walls  of  the  dwellings. 

The  line  proceeded  west  along  Beacon  St.,  and  thence 
along  Bay  State  Road  to  the  archiepiscopal  residence  at 
the  corner  of  Bay  State  Road  and  Granby  St.  Adjoining 
the  home  of  Archbishop  O’Connell  was  a reviewing  stand 
with  a canopied  apartment  in  the  center  w^ith  three  high- 
backed  chairs.  In  the  center  chair  Archbishop  O’Connell 
sat,  wearing  a heavy  fur  coat,  with  Cardinal  Gibbons  at  his 
left  and  Mayor  George  A.  Hibbard  on  his  right. 

Other  seats  on  the  reviewing  stand,  on  either  side  of  the 
reserved  space,  were  occupied  by  the  pastors  who  were  in- 
vited by  the  archbishop  to  view  the  parade.  Upon  ap- 
proaching the  stand  the  line  passed  beneath  the  arch  of 
evergreen,  and  each  man  uncovered  in  giving  a marching 
salute  to  the  cardinal,  the  archbishop,  and  the  mayor. 

After  passing  the  reviewing  stand,  the  procession  turned 
into  Ashby  St.  to  Commonwealth  Ave.,  and  proceeded  down 
the  north  side  of  this  broad  thoroughfare  to  Arlington  St., 
past  Maj.  Leonard’s  reviewing  stand  near  the  corner  of 
Berkeley  St.  and  Commonwealth  Ave.  Commonwealth 
Ave.  offered  unrivalled  opportunities  for  a review  of  the 
parade  by  the  public,  and  this  street  was  blocked. 

The  parade  moved  steadily,  so  rapidly  that  during  the 
first  hour  13,000  men  passed  before  the  cardinal  and  the 
archbishop.  Up  to  the  end  of  the  11th  division  there  was 
not  a break.  The  12th  had  formed  near  the  corner  of  Bea- 
con and  Arlington  Sts.,  and  not  being  on  hand  when  the  last 
file  of  the  11th  started  from  the  corner  of  Massachusetts 
Ave.  and  Beacon  St.,  the  13th  took  its  place. 

There  was  a delay  of  fifteen  minutes  before  the  14th  ap- 
peared, and  half  an  hour  later  the  men  of  the  12th  division 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  149 


came  along,  with  full  ranks,  even  if  they  were  late.  They 
passed  the  archbishop’s  reviewing  stand  at  4.40  P.  M.  It 
had  been  four  hours  and  forty  minutes  since  the  van  of  the 
procession  had  saluted  him. 

The  12th  division  went  over  the  route  speedily  and 
caught  up  with  the  division  ahead  of  them  at  the  corner  of 
Commonwealth  and  Massachusetts  Aves.,  so  the  spectators 
below  Massachusetts  Ave.  were  not  aware  that  there  had 
been  any  break  in  the  line. 

The  disposition  of  the  thousands  at  the  end  of  the  line 
of  march  was  excellent,  and  confusion  was  averted.  Com- 
panies upon  reaching  the  foot  of  Commonwealth  Ave.  were 
diverted  to  the  north  and  south  on  Arlington  St. ; some 
kept  on  along  Beacon  St.  across  Charles  to  the  Common, 
and  others  disbanded  in  the  Pubhc  Garden. 

Maj.  Leonard  reached  his  stand  on  Commonwealth  Ave. 
at  1.35  P.  M.,  and  as  he  and  his  staff  stepped  aside,  the 
parade  kept  on. 

Precedence  among  the  Holy  Name  societies  was  given  to 
that  of  the  men  of  the  parish  of  the  cathedral  of  the  Holy 
Cross,  for  this  large  body  led  the  line  and  was  the  first  to 
salute  the  archbishop.  The  men  made  a fine  appearance, 
and  his  grace  was  moved  to  applaud  the  solid  ranks  as  they 
went  past  in  almost  perfect  alignment.  In  addition  to  be- 
ing the  leaders,  the  cathedral  parish  had  one  of  the  largest 
complements  in  the  parade. 

After  them  strode  the  night  workers,  the  men  for  whom 
Rev.  Patrick  J.  Lyons  conducts  masses  after  the  night’s 
labors  are  ended.  They  served  to  illustrate  how  large  a 
charge  Rev.  Fr.  Lyons  has  in  the  toilers  of  the  night.  The 
archbishop  was  interested  in  this  column. 

Carrying  their  light  canes  jauntily,  the  men  of  Holy 
Trinity  parish  set  a brisk  pace  for  those  who  followed 
them,  but  the  first  touch  of  color  was  contributed  by  the 


150  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


St.  James  companies,  who  carried  small  blue  flags  on  short 
rods  held  under  their  arms. 

St.  Thomas’  Church  of  Jamaica  Plain  contributed  sev- 
eral companies,  who  marched  unusually  well,  as  there  were 
many  young  men  in  the  ranks. 

St.  Joseph’s  parish  of  the  West  End  was  numerically 
strong,  having  the  best  showing  up  to  that  point  in  the 
parade. 

All  Saints’  of  Roxbury  turned  out  very  neat  companies. 
Each  man  wore  a white  tie  of  identical  form  and  white 
gloves  and  the  files  carried  little  red,  white  and  blue  flags. 

No  body  in  line  received  so  much  favor  as  the  men  of  St. 
Francis  de  Sales’  parish  of  Roxbury.  In  the  first  place 
there  were  so  many  companies  that  they  were  entitled  to 
have  a division  of  their  own,  and  they  marched  admirably. 
Each  man  had  a small  blue  flag  bearing  the  name  of  the  so- 
ciety, and  the  company  commanders  wore  broad  sashes, 
some  red,  others  white,  and  others  blue. 

Following  them  came  the  equally  strong  delegations 
from  the  Mission  Church  parish,  formed  in  three  battalions, 
each  preceded  by  a band. 

St.  Phihp’s  church  of  Boston  had  a colored  company  in 
line. 

The  Church  of  the  Assumption,  of  Brookline,  was  rep- 
resented by  a dressy  body  of  men,  the  companies  carrying 
red,  white  and  blue  banners. 

Purple  was  the  color  adopted  by  the  Holy  Name  Society 
of  the  Blessed  Sacrament  parish  of  Roxbury,  and  this  bat- 
talion had  silk  banners  on  purple  rods.  Young  men  were  in 
the  majority,  and  they  attracted  attention  by  the  precision 
of  their  alignment. 

Taken  together,  the  two  West  Roxbury  societies,  St. 
Theresa  of  Spring  St.  and  the  Sacred  Heart  of  Roslindale, 
were  a formidable  array. 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  151 


Each  member  of  the  society  of  St.  Monica’s  of  South 
Boston  carried  a small  American  flag,  the  file  markers  hold- 
ing larger  ones. 

Small  green  pennants  gave  individuality  to  the  men  of 
the  Gate  of  Heaven  church,  South  Boston. 

With  an  excellent  band  to  lead  them,  the  companies  of 
St.  Augustine’s  parish.  South  Boston,  held  their  lines  to  a 
great  advantage,  and  two  companies  of  small  boys  received 
much  applause. 

Behind  them  marched  the  society  of  the  youngest  parish 
of  the  district,  St.  Eulalia’s,  but  there  were  enough  in  num- 
bers to  rival  many  older  churches. 

Red  flags  in  profusion  hailed  the  approach  of  the  men 
of  St.  Vincent’s  parish.  South  Boston. 

Leading  the  third  division  was  the  society  connected  with 
the  church  of  the  Most  Holy  Redeemer,  East  Boston. 

Of  those  in  the  fourth  division  St.  Francis  de  Sales  and 
St.  Catherine’s,  both  of  Charlestown,  earned  distinction  for 
numbers  and  excellence  of  alignment.  The  St.  Catherine 
men  carried  individual  flags. 

St.  Joseph’s  of  Medford  turned  out  a large  body,  and 
behind  this  company  marched  the  men  of  St.  Raphael  of 
West  Medford,  with  89  in  line  out  of  a membership  of  125, 
an  excellent  showing. 

Hon.  John  F.  Fitzgerald,  Ex-Mayor,  paraded  with  St. 
Margaret’s  of  Dorchester,  and  James  P.  Magenis  of  the 
school  board,  was  in  the  ranks  of  the  Society  of  St.  Leo’s 
church,  Dorchester.  The  St.  Leo  Society  had  individual 
banners  of  white  and  yellow,  bearing  the  papal  arms. 

St.  Peter’s  Society  and  St.  Matthew’s  Society,  both  of 
Dorchester,  received  applause.  J.  Mitchel  Galvin,  Repub- 
lican candidate  for  Congress,  was  with  St.  Matthew’s  com- 
pany, and  Joseph  F.  O’Connell,  the  Democratic  nominee  in 
the  10th  district,  marched  as  a member  of  St.  Peter’s.  The 


152  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


men  of  St.  Peter’s  were  commended  for  their  military  bear- 
ing, as  were  the  men  of  St.  Paul’s,  Fr.  Anderson’s  parish. 

St.  Patrick’s  of  Watertown  turned  out  full  companies. 
Hon.  James  H.  Vahey,  Democratic  candidate  for  Governor, 
had  a place  in  the  line. 

St.  Paul’s  of  Cambridge,  each  man  with  a crimson  flag, 
presented  a creditable  appearance,  and  the  men  of  the 
Church  of  the  Sacred  Heart,  East  Cambridge,  had  fewer 
equals  in  the  parade  in  point  of  numbers.  St.  Patrick’s  So- 
ciety of  Cambridge,  recently  organized,  was  represented  by 
fully  250  men,  and  the  men  of  St.  John’s  Church  made  an 
excellent  showing. 

St.  Columbkille’s  parish  of  Brighton  had  full  companies, 
each  man  having  a triangular  white  flag,  while  its  neigh- 
bor, St.  Anthony’s  of  Allston,  exercised  a choice  of  blue 
flags  for  the  large  company. 

In  the  succeeding  divisions  the  societies  further  removed 
from  the  city  appeared,  and  there  were  strong  delegations 
from  Lynn  and  West  Lynn,  with  an  impressive  body  from 
St.  John  the  Evangelist  of  Swampscott  and  a well-trained 
company  from  the  parish  of  Our  Lady  of  the  Sea  from 
Marblehead. 

St.  Joachim’s  of  Rockport,  the  Immaculate  Conception 
of  Newbury  port,  St.  Mary’s  of  Melrose,  and  the  Immacu- 
late Conception  of  Malden  were  representative  bodies  of 
men  and  boys. 

In  the  12th  division  the  striking  companies  were  those 
of  St.  Peter’s  of  Lowell.  Besides  the  adult  companies  there 
was  a company  of  white  and  blue-uniformed  cadets  that 
marched  admirably. 

It  was  5.25  P.  M.  when  the  last  of  the  line  reached  Ar- 
lington St.  and  the  parade  ended. 


VERY  REV.  (iEORGE  J.  PATTERSON 
VICAR-GENERAL 


■ ■ ^ ' ■ ;!■ 


^ i :: '.  :■  vy.-r-'  c a*  . >*?'•  .t^T 

^apPII » Y ^ ^ 


Roster  of  Parade. 


Detail  of  Mounted  Police.  ’ 

Calderwood’s  Militarj  Band,  Cambridge.  i 

Chief  Marshal,  John  J.  Leonard. 

GENERAL  STAFF. 

Chief  of  Statf,  Capt.  Jeremiah  G.  Fennessey,  Boston. 

Surgeon,  Gen.  William  H.  Devine,  M.  D.,  South  Boston. 

Judge  Advocate,  John  P.  Kane,  Lawrence. 

Aides  de  Camp — Majors  John  J.  Sullivan,  William  J.  Casey,  Patrick 
F.  O’Keefe,  and  James  B.  Hayes,  Dorchester;  Matthew  Cum- 
mings, Neponset;  Capt.  Edward  L.  Logan,  South  Boston;  Capt. 
James  E.  McConnell,  John  J.  Attridge,  William  J.  O’Brien  and 
Harry  V.  Linehan,  Boston;  Charles  Riley,  East  Boston;  Capt. 
Patrick  F.  Butler,  M.  D.,  and  James  P.  Cleary,  Roxbury;  John 
J.  O’Hare,  Charlestown;  James  F.  Carens,  Newburyport;  F. 
Fred  Driscoll,  Everett;  John  T.  Shea,  Cambridge;  John  S.  O’Day, 
Brookline;  A.  J.  Doon,  Natick,  and  George  A.  Stuart,  Newton. 
Bugler,  A.  F.  Baumgarten,  Lynn. 

FIRST  DIVISION. 

Division  Marshal,  Joseph  A.  Sheehan. 

Aids — Mathias  Brock,  Frank  L.  Barry,  Dr.  James  F.  Brady,  James 
H.  Carney,  James  Coleman,  Michael  Driscoll,  John  Dervan,  John 
F.  Doherty,  Patrick  Hayden,  John  P.  Kelley,  Timothy  J.  Kelleher, 
Thomas  F.  Lally,  M.  J.  Lally,  John  J.  Leahy,  Edward  A.  Mc- 
Grath, David  Miller,  William  P.  O’Brien,  Edward  J.  Power, 
Joseph  Ryan,  Francis  W.  Regan,  Thomas  Sproules. 

Ninth  Regiment  Band. 

CATHEDRAL,  BOSTON. 

Spiritual  Directors,  the  Very  Rev.  George  J.  Patterson,  V.  G.,  and 

Rev.  Thomas  R.  McCoy. 

Commander,  James  I.  Coleman. 

Aids — Timothy  H.  Sullivan  and  John  H.  Belger. 

Schell’s  Teutonia  Band. 

NIGHT  WORKERS’  CHAPEL. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  Patrick  J.  Lyons. 

Commander,  William  F.  Donovan. 

Aids — Frank  W.  Nicholson,  Joseph  Jennings,  James  Mackin  and 
Lieut.  William  L.  Ford. 


163 


154  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


HOLY  TRINITY,  BOSTON. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  E.  Sturm,  S.  J. 

Commander,  Matthias  Brock. 

Aids — F.  A.  Bates,  P.  Fischer,  H.  Vaas,  J.  Vaas,  A.  Oelschlager, 
C.  Allgalier,  F.  L.  Brock,  A.  Walter,  F.  J.  C.  Mueller,  Joseph  A. 
Kanz,  A.  Mersen,  B.  Miethe  and  C.  Weisslinger. 

Music,  Boardman’s  Band. 

IMMACULATE  CONCEPTION,  BOSTON. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  J.  Havens  Richards,  S.  J. 
Commander,  George  A.  Farren. 

Aids — Patrick  Geoghegan,  Julian  Seriak,  William  J.  Gi;eene,  Arthur 
F.  Crowley,  Timothy  McCarthy,  Timothy  F.  Cochrane,  Daniel 
P.  Denehy. 

NOTRE  DAME  VICTOIRES,  BOSTON. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  Henri  de  la  Chapelle,  S.  M. 
Commander,  August  Dubreiul. 

Music,  Berkeley  Brass  Band. 

ST.  PATRICK’S,  ROXBURY. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  James  F.  Reagan. 
Commander,  Hugh  J.  Maguire. 

Aids — J.  L.  Molloy,  J.  T.  Maguire,  Thomas  F.  Murphy,  Paul  A. 
Harold,  F.  G.  Parks. 

Fifteen  Companies. 

Music,  American  Band. 

ST.  JAMES’,  BOSTON. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  M.  J.  O’Connor,  D.  D. 
Commander,  Lieut.  W.  F.  Ayer. 

OUR  LADY  OF  THE  CEDARS  OF  MT.  LEBANON,  BOSTON. 
Spiritual  Directors,  the  Rt.  Rev.  Joseph  Yazbek  and  the  Very  Rev. 

N.  Gann. 

Commander,  Ehas  StofF. 

ST.  MARY’S,  NORTH  END. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  William  J.  Richler,  S.  J. 
Commander,  Richard  J.  Kingsley. 

Aid,  John  F.  Doherty. 

ST.  STEPHEN’S,  BOSTON. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  Daniel  J.  O’Connor, 
Commander,  John  O’Hare. 

Music,  Boardman’s  Band, 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  155 


ST.  THOMAS’,  JAMAICA  PLAIN. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  John  A.  Sheridan. 
Commander,  Maurice  Conway. 

Aids — ^William  Paton  and  Michael  Coughlin. 

OUR  LADY  OF  LOURDES,  JAMAICA  PLAIN. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  George  A.  Lyons. 

Music,  Battery  B Band  of  Worcester. 

ST.  JOSEPH’S,  BOSTON. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  Peter  J.  McCormack. 
Commander,  Dr.  Charles  A.  McGinley. 

Music,  Tolman’s  Band. 

ST.  JOSEPH’S,  ROXBURY. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  Charles  J.  Ring. 

Commander,  Jeremiah  Daly. 

ALL  SAINTS’,  ROXBURY. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  Joseph  J.  O’Connor. 
Commander,  Thomas  A.  Kelly. 

ST.  MARY  OF  THE  ANGELS,  ROXBURY. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  William  J.  Foley. 
Commander,  Owen  R.  O’Neil. 

Brockton  Band. 

ST.  FRANCIS  DE  SALES’,  ROXBURY. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  Michael  J.  O’Connor. 
Commander  Capt.  John  J.  Barry. 

Aids — James  J.  O’Brien  and  Michael  J.  Manning;  color  bearer, 
Martin  Craven;  flag  bearer,  William  J.  Anderson. 

Mission  Church  Band — Brass  Band  Section. 

MISSION  CHURCH,  ROXBURY. 

Spiritual  Directors,  the  Very  Rev.  James  Hayes,  C.  SS.  R.,  and  the 
Rev.  Francis  Kenzel,  C.  SS.  R. 

Commander,  James  F.  Sullivan. 

Adjutant,  Frederick  White. 

Regimental  Sergeant-Major,  William  Sullivan. 

Aids — James  Burns,  John  Cleary,  John  Conroy,  Eugene  Farley, 
Mark  Flanagan,  Jeremiah  Healy,  William  Lyons,  William  J. 
McGlinchey,  Thomas  McGourty  and  William  O’Reagan. 


156  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


FIRST  BATTALION. 

Major,  Michael  Flanagan. 

Adjutant,  Timothy  Ahern. 

Sergeant-Major,  Martin  Lavin. 

Music,  Mission  Church  Field  Band. 

SECOND  BATTALION. 

Major,  John  P.  Doolan. 

Adjutant,  John  Lehan. 

Sergeant-Major,  Henry  D.  Martin. 

Music,  Mission  Church  Field  Band. 

THIRD  BATTALION. 

Major,  Cornelius  Spillane. 

Adjutant,  Frank  Costello. 

Sergeant-Major,  Joseph  Colahan. 

Music,  Walkover  Band. 

ST.  PHILIP’S,  BOSTON. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  Austin  E.  Doherty. 
Commander,  James  M.  Scanlan. 

Aids — W.  F.  Norton,  James  Connors,  Francis  Francopi,  Patrick 
Finnerty,  Daniel  Murray,  William  Henderson,  James  H.  Doyle, 
Joseph  E.  Cahill,  John  F.  Egan  and  Henry  H.  Monahan. 

Music,  Truder’s  Band. 

ST.  MARY’S  CHURCH  OF  THE  ASSUMPTION, 
BROOKLINE. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  Michael  J.  Coffey. 
Commander,  Joseph  Albert  S.  Nyhen. 

Aids — Michael  J.  Kelly,  Thomas  B.  McCarthy  and  Joseph  Driscoll, 
John  Donohue  and  Michael  Condon,  Patrick  McDonald  and 
Thomas  Markham. 

ST.  LAWRENCE,  BROOKLINE. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  James  F.  Cassidy. 
Commander,  Henry  M.  Fogarty. 

Music,  Letter  Carriers’  Band. 

BLESSED  SACRAMENT,  JAMAICA  PLAIN. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  Edmund  D.  Daley. 
Commander,  John  Brennan. 

Aids — Thomas  M.  Mulcahy,  William  O’Brien  and  John  Hogg. 
Music,  Stone’s  Military  Band. 

ST.  JOHN’S,  ROXBURY. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  John  F.  Diegnan. 
Commander,  Charles  H.  Reardon. 

Adjutant,  Thomas  S.  O’Toole. 

Quartermaster,  William  H.  Grover. 

Aids — James  J.  Kenney  and  John  L.  Kelley. 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  157 


ST.  HUGH’S,  ROXBURY. 
Commander,  John  J.  Moore. 

SACRED  HEART,  ROSLINDALE. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  John  F.  Cummins. 
Commander,  John  P.  Kelley. 

Banner  Bearer,  Colin  F.  Grant. 

Aids — Edward  F.  Coughlin  and  John  P.  Dwyer. 

Music,  Fife  and  Drum  Corps. 

ST.  THERESA’S,  WEST  ROXBURY. 
Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  John  F.  Broderick. 

SACRED  HEART,  BOSTON. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  Victor  Gregori. 

Commander,  A.  Badaracco. 

Assistants,  Alfonso  Bruno,  James  Toviatti. 


SECOND  DIVISION. 

SOUTH  BOSTON. 

Division  Marshal,  Dr.  Robert  N.  Daly. 

Aids — Dr.  Walter  J.  Cavanaugh,  Daniel  Chapman,  Francis  L.  Col- 
poys,  Michael  Connors,  Richard  F.  Fitzgerald,  Joseph  P.  Bal- 
vin,  Thomas  P.  McDavitt,  Anthony  Sagatoskis. 

Music,  Strahan’s  9th  Regiment  Band. 

ST.  MONICA. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  T.  J.  Mahoney. 

Commander,  Lieut.  J.  J.  Dwyer;  Commander’s  Staff,  Fred  Clark, 
John  Flemming. 

Music,  Ninth  Regiment  Band. 

HOLY  ROSARY. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  P.  B.  Murphy. 

Commander,  James  A.  Morrison;  Commander’s  Staff,  William  Mur- 
ray, Peter  Conly,  John  O’Neil. 

Music,  Teel’s  Band. 

GATE  OF  HEAVEN. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  Charles  J.  Sullivan. 

Commander,  Lieut.  Michael  F.  Smart;  Commander’s  Staff,  Michael 
F.  Cleary,  John  T.  Deegan,  Frank  W.  Martin,  Joseph  M.  Con- 
nors, Henry  W.  Young. 

Music,  Banda  Rossa. 


158  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


ST.  AUGUSTINE. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  M.  C.  Gilbride. 

Commander,  Capt.  James  A.  Cully;  Commander’s  Staff,  Thomas 
Owens,  William  McManus,  Richard  White,  Frank  Farrell,  Dan- 
iel V.  Mclssac,  William  J.  Kelley. 

Music,  Nuss’  Band. 


ST.  EULIALIA. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  Mortimer  E.  Twomey. 
Commander,  Capt.  John  H.  Dunn;  Commander’s  Staff,  William 
McCarthy,  Edward  R.  McCormick,  Fred  J.  O’Brien. 

Music,  Post  68,  G.  A.  R.,  Band. 


SS.  PETER  AND  PAUL. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  William  Whalen. 
Commander,  Albert  F.  Hocknell;  Commander’s  Staff,  Dr.  William 
F.  Sheehan,  John  P.  Buckley,  Edward  Sullivan. 

Music,  First  Coast  Artillery  Band. 

ST.  VINCENT. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  W.  H.  Grant. 

Commander,  Christopher  F.  Lee. 

LITHUANIAN. 

Spritual  Director,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Zilinskis. 
Commander,  Charles  Ambres;  Commander’s  Staff,  M.  Venis,  V. 
Kalisins. 


THIRD  DIVISION. 

Division  Marshal,  Capt.  George  J.  Lovett. 

Aids — Charles  A.  Andrews,  Charles  Brown,  Michael  J.  Gallagher, 
John  J.  McLaughlin,  Arthur  A.  Punch,  Leo  Sullivan,  Sergt. 
George  J.  Wood,  John  A.  Hickey,  M.  D. 

East  Boston  Cadet  Band. 

HOLY  REDEEMER,  EAST  BOSTON 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Thomas  P.  McGinn. 

Commander,  Capt.  Thomas  F.  Clark. 

Aids — John  A.  Sullivan,  A.  J.  Bussey,  F.  J.  Wellings,  S.  J.  Hallo- 
ran,  John  Twohig,  Daniel  Donohue. 

Vendome  Band,  Boston. 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  159 


STAR  OF  THE  SEA,  EAST  BOSTON. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  William  H.  McDonough. 
Commander,  William  G.  Newman. 

Aids — Maurice  Cashman,  John  L.  Newmian,  John  Keenan,  J. 
Hutchinson. 

Spring’s  Band,  Boston. 

ASSUMPTION,  EAST  BOSTON. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  John  B.  Condon. 
Commander,  Joseph  P.  Kennedy. 

Stone’s  Military  Band,  Boston. 

SACRED  HEART,  EAST  BOSTON. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  Michael  F.  Creedon. 
Commander,  Peter  G.  Allendorf. 

ST.  JOHN’S,  WINTHROP. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  John  H.  Griffin. 
Commander,  Sergt.  Christopher  Mulloy. 

Aids — John  McDonald,  Bert  Call. 

Liberty  Band,  Brockton. 

ST.  ROSE,  CHELSEA. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Thomas  A.  Quinlan. 

Commander,  William  J.  Burns. 

Aid — Philip  Carolan. 

Poole’s  Band,  Revere. 

IMMACULATE  CONCEPTION,  REVERE. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  James  Lee. 

Commander,  P.  J.  Murray. 

Aids — John  D.  Dowd,  Richard  Barry,  James  Gallagher,  Stephen 
Chamberlin,  Thomas  Farrell,’  William  Andrews,  Martin  Finn, 
Cornelius  Ahearn,  James  Reddy. 


FOURTH  DIVISION. 

Division  Marshal,  John  F.  O’Brien,  M.  D. 

Aids — John  L.  Brennan,  Patrick  Clerkin,  Frank  Daly,  John  F. 
Elkins,  Charles  T.  Daly,  John  F.  McCarthy,  Charles  M.  Dacey, 
Bernard  McNellis  and  Bernard  Riley. 

ST.  FRANCIS  DE  SALES,  CHARLESTOWN. 

Spiritual  Directors,  Rev.  James  N.  Supple,  Rev.  M.  F.  Crowley. 
Commander,  Lawrence  H.  Sullivan. 

Music,  Frank’s  Band. 


i6o  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


ST.  CATHERINE’S,  CHARLESTOWN. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Francis  Walsh. 
Commander,  William  H.  Sullivan. 

Music,  Mystic  Band. 

ST.  MARY’S,  CHARLESTOWN. 

Spiritual  Director  Rev.  James  H.  Phalan. 
Commander,  Maurice  J.  Power. 

ST.  JOSEPH’S,  MEDFORD. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  John  J.  Murphy. 
Commander,  John  J.  Crockwell. 

ST.  RAPHAEL’S,  WEST  MEDFORD. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  N.  J.  Merritt. 
Commander,  Joseph  Hernan. 

IMMACULATE  CONCEPTION,  EVERETT. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Michael  A.  Butler. 
Commander,  John  J.  Sheehan. 

Music,  Cornet,  Fife  and  Drum  Corps. 

ST.  JOSEPH’S,  SOMERVILLE. 
Commander,  J ames  Cotter. 

ST.  CATHERINE’S,  SOMERVILLE. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  James  J.  O’Brien. 
Commander,  Edward  A.  Mahoney. 

ST.  ANNE’S,  SOMERVILLE. 
Spritual  Director,  Rev.  John  J.  Sheehan. 
Commander,  Frank  Deering. 


FIFTH  DIVISION. 

Division  Marshal,  Peter  J.  Hanley. 

Staff — Joseph  J.  Foley,  Patrick  F.  Burke,  Thomas  Flanagan,  John 
F.  Morris,  Carlan  A.  Brown,  John  J.  Hoar,  Edward  J.  O’Neil, 
Timothy  J.  McCarthy,  Frank  J.  McGrath. 

Music,  Mystic  Band,  Charlestown. 

ST.  PETER’S,  DORCESTER. 

Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  Hugh  P.  Blunt. 


VliRY  REV.  JOSEPH  G.  ANDERSON 


VICAR-GENERAL 


I * 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  i6i 


ST.  PAUL’S,  DORCHESTER. 
Spiritual  Director,  the  Rev.  Joseph  G.  Anderson. 
Commander,  John  J.  Boyle. 

ST.  MARGARET’S,  DORCHESTER. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  M.  J.  Cuddihy. 
Commander,  John  J.  SuUivan,  M.  D. 

Music,  Haverhill  City  Band. 

ST.  GREGORY’S,  MILTON. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  C.  P.  Heaney. 
Commander,  Simon  F.  Curran. 

ST.  ANNE’S,  NEPONSET. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  J.  H.  Flannery. 
Commander,  Joseph  C.  King. 

Music,  Mystic  Band  of  Boston. 

ST.  LEO’S,  DORCHESTER. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  John  J.  Cronin. 
Commander,  John  J.  Morton. 

ST.  MARK’S,  DORCHESTER. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  J.  A.  Daly. 
Commander,  Frank  Kane. 

ST.  MATTHEW’S,  DORCHESTER. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  John  V.  Curran. 
Commander,  Patrick  Sullivan. 

ST.  ANGELUS  (MATTAPAN  DISTRICT.) 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  F.  J.  Ryan. 
Commander,  J.  Frank  Scannell. 


SIXTH  DIVISION. 

Division  Marshal,  William  J.  Doherty. 

Aida — James  R.  Condrin,  Patrick  J.  Dumphy,  Patrick  Gleason, 
Jeremiah  Mahoney,  Clarence  F.  Cormier,  John  J.  Flynn,  Jacob 
King,  Albert  J.  Power,  John  Taylor. 

Music,  Spring’s  Band  of  Watertown. 

CHURCH  OF  OUR  LADY,  NEWTON. 

Spiritual  Directors,  Rev.  Michael  Dolan  and  Rev.  James  F.  Kelly. 
Commander,  Lieut.  George  S.  Coulter. 

Music,  Spring’s  Band  of  Watertown. 


i62  centenary  of  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


SACRED  HEART  CHURCH,  NEWTON  CENTRE. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  D.  C.  Riordan. 
Commander,  John  Barry. 

Music,  Swift’s  Band. 

ST.  BERNARD’S  CHURCH,  WEST  NEWTON. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  F.  Cronin. 
Commander,  William  H.  Burns. 

ST.  MARY’S  CHURCH,  NEWTON  UPPER  FALLS. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Dennis  H.  Donovan. 
Commander,  James  B.  Dugan. 

ST.  JOHN’S,  NEWTON. 

LOWER  FALLS. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  J.  J.  McGrath. 
Commander,  Rev.  P.  H.  Callanan. 

Music,  American  Waltham  Watch  Company  Band. 

ST.  MARY’S,  WALTHAM. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  D.  F.  Regan. 
Commander,  D.  J.  Higgins. 

ST.  JOSEPH’S,  WALTHAM. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  P.  H.  Grenier. 
Commander,  Arthur  Leger. 

Music,  Tver’s  Band. 

ST.  PATRICK’S,  WATERTOWN. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  P.  L.  Crayton. 
Commander,  Sergt.  D.  W.  Tanner,  U.  S.  A. 

Music,  Marsh’s  Band  of  Lynn. 

SACRED  HEART,  WATERTOWN. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  T.  W.  Coughlin. 
Commander,  Edward  McKenna. 


SEVENTH  DIVISION. 

Division  Marshal,  Patrick  F.  Carley. 

Aids — Dr.  W.  J.  Brussiar,  F.  A.  DeVinersa,  F.  Glynn,  C.  R.  Gress, 
J.  R.  Powers,  D.  Kelley,  C.  A.  Facey,  J.  J.  Sullivan,  J. 
Lusynski,  J.  P.  Hackett,  A.  Sheridan,  J.  P.  Fitzgibbons. 

Music,  Mallally’s  Band. 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  163 


ST.  PAUL’S  CHURCH,  CAMBRIDGE. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  John  J.  Ryan. 
Commander,  Henry  Lang. 

Music,  Carter’s  Band. 

SACRED  HEART,  EAST  CAMBRIDGE. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  John  O’Brien. 
Commander,  Michael  O’Connor. 

ST.  HEDWIGE,  CAMBRIDGE. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Fr.  Zeninski. 
Commander,  John  Susyinski. 

Music,  Nuss’  Band. 

ST.  JOHN’S,  NORTH  CAMBRIDGE. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  John  R.  McCool. 
Commander,  Robert  M.  Welsh. 

Music,  Salem  Brass  Band. 

ST.  ANTHONY’S,  CAMBRIDGE. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  A.  J.  Pimental. 
Commander,  H.  A.  Viveiros. 

ST.  PETER’S,  CAMBRIDGE. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Jas.  A.  Supple. 
Commander,  T.  S.  Sheridan. 

Music,  Emerson  Band  of  Brockton. 

ST.  PATRICK’S,  CAMBRIDGE. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  I^awrence  J.  Slattery. 
Commander,  James  F.  Black. 

ST.  ANTHONY’S,  ALLSTON. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Hugh  Roe  O’Donnell. 
Commander,  F.  J.  Ryan. 

ST.  COLUMBKILLE’S,  BRIGHTON.  • 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Joseph  V.  Tracy,  D.  D. 

Assistant  Marshal,  Daniel  J.  Kelly. 
Commanders,  Charles  D.  Daley,  Richard  Fitzgerald. 

ST.  JOSEPH’S,  BELMONT. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  N.  J.  Murphy. 
Salem  Brass  Band. 


i64  centenary  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


EIGHTHDIVISION. 

Division  Marshal,  Joseph  E.  Farrell. 

Aids — John  J.  Bucklej,  Jr.,  Thomas  J.  Hannon,  Ludger  A.  Joubert, 
John  Kilej,  Michael  J.  Powers,  J.  H.  Stafford. 

Music,  Norwood  Brass  Band. 

CHURCH  OF  THE  MOST  PRECIOUS  BLOOD,  HYDE  PARK. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  James  J.  Chittick. 

Commander,  Joseph  G.  Grady. 

ST.  MARY’S,  DEDHAM. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Fr.  Nulty. 

Commander,  Dr.  D.  H.  Hurley. 

Music,  Reeves’  Band,  Providence. 

ST.  CATHERINE’S,  NORWOOD. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Thomas  J.  McCormack. 
Commander,  John  McCarthy. 

ST.  JOHN’S,  CANTON. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  John  J.  Farrell. 

Commander,  Michael  J.  Dockary. 

IMMACULATE  CONCEPTION,  STONEHAM. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  James  F.  Fitzsimmons. 
Commander,  Henry  McCourt. 

Music,  Franklin  Cadet  Band. 

ST.  MARY’S,  FRANKLIN. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Fr.  Scott. 

Commander,  D.  F.  O’Sullivan. 


NINTH  DIVISION. 

Division  Marshal,  William  G.  Clifford. 

Adjutant,  John  E.  Sexton. 

Sergeant-Major,  William  T.  Shea  of  Quincy. 

Aids — WUliam  Cuff,  J.  B.  Carney,  Victor  Duplin,  John  J.  Dale>. 
Peter  J.  Dorey,  Cornelius  M.  Duggan,  Alban  D.  Gillis,  James 
J.  Gorman,  Emil  Houde,  William  H.  Hennessey,  Frank  T, 
McNiff,  Michael  J.  Murphy,  Joseph  W.  McDonald,  Patrick  H. 
McLaughlin,  Patrick  Payton,  James  O’Connell,  M.  T.  Sullivan 
John  J.  Sullivan,  Thomas  B.  Reid,  James  J.  Crowley. 

Music,  Milo  Burke’s  Band. 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  165 


ST.  PATRICK’S,  BROCKTON. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  William  E.  Tierney. 
Commander,  Thomas  J.  McWeeney. 

Aids — Daniel  J.  Leonard  and  Dr.  John  McCarthy. 

ST.  EDWARD’S,  BROCKTON. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Edward  J.  Carey. 
Commander,  J oseph  W ard. 

ST.  MARGARET’S,  CAMPELLO. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  John  F.  Keleher. 
Commander,  Frank  Collins. 

SACRED  HEART,  BROCKTON. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Victor  M.  Choquette. 
Commander,  Albert  Mandeville. 

SACRED  HEART,  MIDDLEBORO 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  T.  J.  O’Brien. 

ST.  THOMAS  AQUINAS,  BRIDGEWATER. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  J.  J.  Farrell. 

ST.  JOHN’S,  EAST  BRIDGEWATER. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  E.  J.  Curtin. 
Commander,  James  Geary. 

Music,  Ptegal  Band,  Whitman. 

HOLY  GHOST,  WHITMAN. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Edward  P.  Murphy. 
Commander,  William  J.  Hannon. 

ST.  JOHN’S,  QUINCY. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Julian  E.  Johnstone. 
Commander,  Edward  J.  Lennon. 

ST.  MICHAEL’S,  AVON. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  E.  J.  Dolan. 
Commander,  John  Connery. 

ST.  JOSEPH’S,  HOLBROOK. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  William  T.  Deasey. 
Commander,  John  J.  Cronin. 


i66  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


ST.  FRANCIS,  SOUTH  BRAINTREE. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  M.  F.  O’Donnell. 
Commander,  John  M.  Sullivan. 

SACRED  HEART,  ATLANTIC. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  John  P.  Cuffe. 

Music,  Mace  Gay’s  Brockton  Band. 

ST.  MARY’S,  WEST  QUINCY. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  J.  J.  O’Donnell. 
Commander,  Louis  Gilbride. 

HOLY  FAMILY,  ROCKLAND. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  John  P.  Ryan. 

ST.  FRANCIS  XAVIER,  SOUTH  WEYMOUTH. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  John  A.  Butler. 

IMMACULATE  CONCEPTION,  EAST  WEYMOUTH. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Maurice  Lynch. 
Commander,  Joseph  Smith. 

SACRED  HEART,  WEYMOUTH. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  John  B.  Holland. 
Commander,  David  Greenville. 

ST.  ANTHONY,  COHASSET. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  P.  H.  Ridley. 
Commander,  Henry  Sweeney. 

ST.  PAUL’S,  HINGHAM. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Peter  F.  McCall. 


TENTH  DIVISION. 

Division  Marshal,  James  T.  Lemmon. 

Aids — Jude  Bourge,  Peter  F.  J.  Carney,  Luke  Colbert,  Patrick 
Cogan,  John  A.  Davis,  Dr.  William  J.  Doherty,  P.  P.  Kiever, 
John  Mason,  John  McCotter,  Patrick  J.  McDonald,  James  Mc- 
Laughlin, Edward  J.  McManus,  Dr.  J.  H.  Malanson,  P.  H. 
O’Connor,  James  J.  O’Neil,  Thomas  Tinsley,  W.  Trojanouski. 
Music,  Stile’s  8th  Regiment  Band,  Lynn. 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 

-4- -5 

ST.  MARY’S,  LYNN. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  T.  A.  Curtin. 
Commander,  J ohn  Cavanaugh. 


167 


SACRED  HEART,  LYNN. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  William  F.  Lyons. 

ST.  JEAN  BAPTIST,  LYNN. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  R.  A.  Fortier. 
Commander,  J.  O.  Marquis. 

Music,  Lynn  Cadet  Band. 

ST.  JOSEPH’S,  LYNN. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  James  Hurley. 
Commander,  William  Carey. 

Music,  Lynn  Cadet  Band. 

ST.  PATRICK’S,  LYNN. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  W.  J.  O’Connell. 
Commander,  P.  M.  Callahan. 

Music,  Lynn  Cadet  Band. 

ST.  JOHN’S,  SWAMPSCOTT. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Fr.  Sullivan. 
Commander,  Patrick  Cry  an. 

OUR  LADY  STAR  OF  THE  SEA,  MARBLEHEAD. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Henry  Lyons. 
Commander,  Daniel  Barry. 

IMMACULATE  CONCEPTION,  SALEM. 
Commander,  Thomas  M.  Gill. 

ST.  JAMES’,  SALEM. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  T.  J.  O’Neil. 
Commander,  James  Ingoldsby. 

ST.  JOSEPH’S,  SALEM. 

Music,  Acorianna  National  Band. 


ST.  ANN’S,  GLOUCESTER. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  C.  J.  Herlihy. 
Commander,  Dr.  J.  H.  Malonson. 


i68  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


OUR  LADY  OF  GOOD  VOYAGE,  GLOUCESTER. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Francis  Vioria  De  Ben. 
Music,  First  Corps  Cadets  of  Boston. 

IMMACULATE  CONCEPTION,  NEWBURYPORT. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  W.  H.  Ryan. 
Commander,  James  H.  Baker, 

ST.  JOSEPH’S,  IPSWICH. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  A.  J.  Readdy. 

ST.  JOACHIM’S  ROCKPORT. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  C.  J.  Riordan. 

ST.  MARY’S,  BEVERLY. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  John  McKenna. 
Conunander,  Peter  Riordan. 

ST.  MARGARET’S,  BEVERLY  FARMS. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  N.  R.  Walsh. 
Conunander,  Proctor  Denno. 

SACRED  HEART,  MANCHESTER. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  William  F.  Powers. 

Music,  Putnam’s  Band  of  Lynn. 

ST.  JOHN’S,  PEABODY. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  M.  J.  Masterson. 
Commander,  William  H.  Tweed. 

Music,  Putnam’s  Band  of  Lynn. 

ANNUNCIATION,  DANVERS. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  M.  J.  Sullivan. 
Commander,  Edward  Mulallv. 


ELEVENTH  DIVISION. 

Division  Marshal,  Col.  Edward  J.  Gihon. 

Chief  of  Staff,  Lieut.  Edward  J.  Connelly,  Wakefield. 

T.ds — Dr.  William  J.  Holland,  Hugh  Hamil,  Peter  J.  Maguire, 
Thomas  Feeney,  James  Doucette,  Henry  Camerlin,  James  Cor- 
rigan, P.  J.  O’Hara. 


EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE  IN  CHARGE  OF  CHARITIES  BAZAAR 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  169 

ST.  MARY’S,  MELROSE. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  James  A.  Berwin. 

Music,  Worcester  Band. 

IMMACULATE  CONCEPTION,  MALDEN. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Fr.  Casey. 

Music,  Keene’s  Brass  Band,  Haverhill. 

SACRED  HEART,  MALDEN. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  George  P.  O’Connor. 

Commander,  Peter  J.  Maguire. 

ST.  JOSEPH’S,  MAPLEWOOD. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  T.  J.  Holland. 

Commander,  Major  Patrick  Sullivan. 

ST.  JOSEPH’S,  MONTV  ALE. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  P.  T.  Higgins. 

Commander,  James  A.  Corrigan. 


ST.  AGNES’,  READING. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  J.  H.  Harrington. 
Commander,  James  S.  Doucette. 

ST.  PATRICK’S,  STONEHAM. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Father  Harrigan. 
Commander,  Hugh  Hamil. 

Salem  French  Brass  Band. 

ST.  JOSEPH’S,  WAKEFIELD. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  William  T.  O’Connor. 
Commander,  Joseph  Munier. 

ST.  MARY’S,  WINCHESTER. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Walter  J.  Roche. 
Commander,  William  Richards. 

ST.  CHARLES’,  WOBURN. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Francis  Russell. 
Commander,  Lieut.  Daniel  J.  Canty. 

Battalion  Commanders,  James  E.  Maloney,  C.  W.  Sweeney. 


170  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


TWELFTH  DIVISION. 

Division  Marshal,  Hugh  J.  Molloy. 

Aids — Daniel  F.  Carroll,  Joseph  H.  Gallagher,  James  Ruddy,  Wil- 
liam A.  Drummey,  Owen  Farrell,  John  Hughes,  Capt.  Philip 
McNulty,  Edward  Slattery,  Joseph  StuchansH. 

Adjutant,  John  A.  Quinn. 

ST.  PETER’S,  LOWELL. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  John  F.  Burns. 

Commander,  John  F.  Coyne. 

ST.  JOHN  THE  EVANGELIST,  CHELMSFORD. 

Music,  Municipal  Band. 

IMMACULATE  CONCEPTION,  LOWELL. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  J.  M.  McRory,  O.  M.  I. 
Commander,  Frank  J.  McCormack. 

SACRED  HEART,  LOWELL. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  John  O’Brien,  O.  M.  I. 

Commander,  James  J.  Ward. 

Music,  Municipal  Band. 

O.  M.  I.  CADETS,  LOWELL. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Dennis  A.  Sullivan,  O.  jNI.  I. 
Commander,  Major  Russell  Harrington. 

A.  G.  CADETS,  LOWELL. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  F.  Owellette,  O.  M.  I. 
Commander,  Major  William  Trottier. 

ST.  MICHAEL’S,  LOWELL. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Francis  J.  Mullin. 

Commander,  Roger  Monahan. 

ST.  PATRICK’S,  LOWELL. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  Father  Curtin. 

Commander,  James  O’Sullivan. 

ST.  JOSEPH’S,  EAST  PEPPERELL. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  T.  J.  Coughlan. 

Commander,  F.  T.  Fljmn. 

ST.  ANDREW’S,  NORTH  BILLERICA. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  L.  F.  Tighe,  O.  M.  I. 

Commander,  Dr.  George  T.  O’Donnell. 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  171 


THIRTEENTH  DIVISION. 

ST.  MARY’S,  LAWRENCE. 
Commander,  J.  William  Mahoney. 

Aid,  Daniel  W.  Mahoney. 

IMMACULATE  CONCEPTION,  LAWRENCE. 
Commander  and  Captain,  Frank  L.  Donovan. 
Aid,  John  W.  Cullinane. 

ST.  LAWRENCE’S,  LAWRENCE. 
Commander,  Walter  H.  Chandler. 

Aid,  Hon.  Joseph  J.  Flynn. 

HOLY  ROSARY,  LAWRENCE. 
Commander,  Emanual  Luches. 

Aid,  F.  Pitochell. 

ST.  AUGUSTINE’S,  ANDOVER. 
Commander  and  Captain,  Bernard  McDonald. 
Aid,  Patrick  J.  Barrett. 

ST.  MICHAEL’S,  ANDOVER. 
Commander  and  Captain,  John  T.  Finn. 

Aid,  Louis  F.  McAloon. 

ST.  JAMES’,  HAVERHILL. 
Commander  and  Captain,  Adelard  St.  Jean. 
Aid,  Charles  R.  Bouchard. 

ST.  PATRICK’S,  SOUTH  GROVELAND. 
Commander  and  Captain,  Dr.  Joseph  Derrick. 
Aid,  Cornelius  N.  McCusker. 

ST.  JOSEPH’S,  AMESBURY. 
Commander,  Paul  V.  Cullen. 

ST.  ANN’S,  LAWRENCE. 
Commander  and  Captain,  E.  J.  Deruisseau. 
Aid,  Edmond  Guilmet. 


SACRED  HEART,  LAWRENCE. 
Aid,  Edmond  Gulmet. 


172  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


HOLY  TRINITY,  LAWRENCE. 
Aid,  Valentius  Lislakiswicz. 

ST.  PATRICK’S,  LAWRENCE. 
Commander  and  Captain,  Henry  B.  Lane. 
Aid,  Timothy  P.  Donohue. 


FOURTEENTH  DIVISION. 

Division  Marshal,  Major  Daniel  J.  Murphy. 

Adjutant,  F.  G.  Lucey. 

Sergeant-Major,  P.  J.  Donohue. 

Aids — Damasus  Bouriet,  John  Connorton,  W.  A.  Curran,  Corp. 
Thomas  Colleary,  Arthur  Coughlin,  Patrick  F.  Hallanan,  Ma- 
thias Hollander,  James  Long,  James  F.  Moran,  Felix  Noel, 
William  H.  Sullivan,  J.  J.  Shaughnessy,  William  Vincent. 
Marlboro  Brass  Band. 

ST.  STEPHEN’S,  SOUTH  FRAMINGHAM. 

Spiritual  Directors,  Rev.  John  Heffernan  and  Rev.  T.  C.  Garraham. 

ST.  ZEPHIRIN’S,  COCHITUATE. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  P.  P.  La  Croix. 

IMMACULATE  CONCEPTION,  MARLBORO. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  J.  P.  Sullivan. 

ST.  MICHAEL’S,  HUDSON. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  J.  T.  Mullen,  D.  C.  L. 

ST.  MARY’S,  MARLBORO. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  J.  E.  Robichaud. 

Music,  Concord  Fife  and  Drum  Corps. 

ST.  BERNARD’S,  CONCORD. 

Spiritual  Directors,  Revs.  M.  Flaherty  and  W.  J.  Welch. 

ST.  BRIDGET’S,  MAYNARD. 

Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  R.  F.  Killilea. 


REV.  GEORGE  A.  LYONS 


-.  •■■S-  . . - ’ ,;,S,,: ..,  ;SaK V ■* 

/ ♦ ' . * ** 

v - •;•?;.  . : 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  173 


SACRED  HEART,  SOUTH  NATICK. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  H.  A.  Walsh. 
Commander,  James  E.  Walsh. 

ST.  JOHN  THE  EVANGELIST,  HOPKINTON. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  F.  X.  Dolan,  D.  D. 


ST.  PATRICK’S,  NATICK. 
Spiritual  Director,  Rev.  R.  Boland. 
Commander,  Daniel  J.  Mahoney. 


Catholic  Charities  Bazaar. 


Brilliant  Success  of  the  Four  Nights’  Carnival  in 
Mechanics  Building. — Hibernians,  Knights  of  Co- 
lumbus AND  Foresters  Attend  in  a Body. — Taste- 
fully Decorated  Booths,  and  Ladies  in  Costumes — 
Rev.  J.  G.  Anderson  in  Charge. 

The  Catholic  Charities  Bazaar,  bringing  to  a close  the 
historic  events  of  the  centenary,  was  held  in  Mechanics 
building  from  Wednesday  evening,  November  11,  to  and 
including  Saturday  evening,  November  14.  No  Catholic 
event  of  a similar  nature  ever  held  in  this  city  came  any- 
where near  the  success  that  crowned  the  efforts  of  those  in 
charge  of  this  beautiful  spectacle  in  the  largest  hall  of  the 
city.  Spacious  as  is  Mechanics  Hall,  its  capacity  was 
taxed  every  evening. 

The  entire  affair  was  under  the  management  of  Rev. 
Joseph  G.  Anderson,  diocesan  director  of  Catholic  charities, 
and  to  his  executive  skill,  perseverance  and  masterful  man- 
agement of  details  is  attributed  in  a large  measure  the  great 
success  of  the  enterprise.  Father  Anderson  was  assisted 
by  a corps  of  willing  and  devoted  women,  and  by  an  ener- 
getic executive  committee  of  Catholic  laymen,  consisting 
of  Charles  Logue,  Dr.  Thomas  F.  Harrington,,  William 
F.  Kenney,  Daniel  L.  Prendergast,  John  P.  Manning, 
Francis  A.  Campbell,  James  J.  Nolan,  and  James  J.  Mc- 
Murray. 

There  were  in  all  twenty-six  tables,  representing  the  dif- 
ferent countries  of  the  world.  Each  booth  was  in  charge 
of  a lady  prominent  in  the  charitable  work  of  the  diocese, 

174 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  175 


and  she  was  assisted  by  a corps  of  women,  married  and  sin- 
gle, who  gave  freely  of  their  time  and  energies  to  make  the 
bazaar  a splendid  success.  Within  the  limited  space  of 
this  volume  it  is  impossible  to  give  the  names  of  those 
women  who  so  nobly  assisted  in  this  great  work  of  charity. 

In  appreciation  of  the  excelent  services  rendered  to  the 
cause.  Archbishop  O’Connell,  on  the  closing  night  of  the 
bazaar,  called  the  heads  of  the  tables  together  in  an  ante- 
room of  Mechanics  Hall,  and  expressed  feelingly  the  debt 
of  gratitude  he  owed  to  the  women  of  the  diocese  for  their 
untiring  attention  and  faithful,  unselfish  loyalty  in  sacri- 
ficing time  and  money  to  advance  the  interests  of  this 
important  part  of  diocesan  work,  the  Catholic  charities. 
He  asked  the  women  in  charge  of  the  various  booths  to  con- 
vey to  their  assistants  his  deep  appreciation  of  all  that  the}^ 
had  done,  and  bestowed  his  blessing  on  everyone  who  had 
rendered  even  the  slightest  service  on  this  memorable  occa- 
sion. 

The  different  booths  were  in  charge  of  the  following 
named  ladies : — 

America — Mrs.  Jonathan  Pugh,  Roxbury. 

Ireland — Mrs.  H.  E.  Towle,  Dorchester. 

England — Miss  L.  L.  Flynn,  Lowell. 

Scotland — Mrs.  H.  H.  Cuddihy,  Roxbury. 

France — Miss  Nora  T.  Enright,  Lowell. 

Italy — Mrs.  W.  E.  Doyle,  Cambridge. 

Spain — Miss  May  Connelly,  West  New! on. 

Portugal — Mrs.  J.  Joseph  Moran,  Lynn. 

Holland — Mrs.  Peter  Kelley,  Roxbury. 

Iceland — Mrs.  Joseph  Loyne  Lockary,  Roxbury. 

Austria — Dr.  Mary  E.  Gaffney,  Salem. 

China. — Mrs.  Richard  A.  Lynch,  Ashmont. 

Japan — Mrs.  CaulfiHd  O’Neil,  Boston. 

Mexico — Mrs,  J.  Eustace  Odell,  Roxbury.  ' ' 


176  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


Sweden — Mrs.  Catherine  O’Keefe  O’Mahony,  Lawrence. 

Germany — Mrs.  Maria  Berrenberg,  Boston. 

Egypt — Mrs.  James  Connell,  Roxbury. 

Turkey — Mrs.  M.  M.  Cunniff,  Brookline. 

Russia — Mrs.  William  P.  Barry,  Lowell. 

Greece — ^Mrs.  James  W.  Kenney,  Roxbury. 

Belgium — Mrs.  Warren  Hill,  Boston. 

Switzerland — Mrs.  William  McCarthy,  Brookline. 

Canada — Mrs.  Sarah  Hodnett,  Boston. 

India — Mrs.  Margaret  J.  Patterson. 

Blarney  Castle — Mrs.  Matthew  Cummings,  Dorchester. 

Daughters  of  Isabella — Mrs.  Peter  F.  Hanley,  Dorches- 
ter. 

The  spectacle  presented  during  the  different  evenings 
was  an  inspiring  one.  The  great  hall  was  tastefully  deco- 
rated in  the  national  and  papal  colors,  and  the  twenty-six 
booths  arranged  around  the  sides  and  under  the  great  bal- 
cony bore  the  distinctive  colors  of  the  countries  which  they 
represented.  The  attendants  at  the  tables,  too,  were 
dressed  in  the  national  costumes  of  the  different  countries 
which  were  represented  in  this  Bazaar  of  Nations,  while  to 
add  picturesqueness  to  the  scene,  upon  the  spacious  stage 
had  been  erected  a typical  Irish  cottage,  flanked  by  a strik- 
ing representation  of  Blarney  Castle.  Added  to  all  this 
were  the  great  throngs  which  filled  the  hall  each  evening, 
aggregating  on  Thursday  evening  between  thirty  and  thir- 
ty-five thousand  people. 

Despite  the  stormy  conditions  prevailing  on  Wednesday 
evening,  the  opening  night  of  the  Bazaar,  an  immense 
throng  of  thousands  of  people  attended.  This  was  “Hiber- 
nian Night,”  and  the  members  of  the  Ancient  Order  of  Hi- 
bernians to  the  number  of  six  or  seven  thousand  held  a 
parade  and  marched  from  Arlington  street  to  Mechanics 
Building  in  a body.  The  members  of  the  Ladies’  Auxil- 


CARDINAL  GIBBONS  AND  ARCHBISHOP  O’cONNELL,  PHOTOGRAPHED  IN  THE 
PARLOR  OF  THE  CATHEDRAL  RECTORY,  OCTOBER  3I,  IQO:^ 


ARCHBISHOP  o’cONNELL’S  HOUSE,  AS  IT  LOOKED  CENTENNIAL  WEEK 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  177 


iaries,  A.  O.  H.,  were  also  present  on  this  evening  in  great 
numbers.  After  the  Hibernians  had  entered  the  hall  the 
Bazaar  was  formally  opened  by  the  Archbishop,  who  in  a 
few  graceful  words  set  forth  the  purpose  of  the  undertak- 
ing. The  Archbishop  said: — 

“The  celebration  of  the  centennial  of  the  archdioces  of 
Boston  has  brought  forth  a wonderful  demonstration  of 
the  noblest  sentiments  of  the  human  heart — faith  and  char- 
ity. The  magnificent  showing  of  the  men  who  marched 
that  Sunday  in  the  Holy  Name  parade  attested  in  a truly 
remarkable  manner  to  the  faith  of  the  Catholic  men  of  the 
archdiocese.  In  the  bazaar  you  are  all  giving  a noble  ex- 
hibition of  Catholic  loyalty  and  charity. 

“Faith  without  charity  is  not  faith  and  without  faith 
charity  is  only  philanthropy.  This  bazaar  will  make  clear 
in  charity  what  the  parade  of  Sunday  week  made  clear  in 
faith.  No  one  who  saw  those  40,000  marching  men  can 
ever  forget  the  magnificent  spectacle.  It  was  something 
to  make  us  proud  of  the  men  of  the  Church. 

“And  this  gathering  here  tonight  and  during  the  re- 
mainder of  the  week  will  enable  the  women  to  do  a notable 
work  of  Christian  womanhood.  I know  they  will  do  every- 
thing to  make  this  bazaar  a wonderful  success. 

“Catholic  men  and  women:  These  are  days  of  deep  his- 
toric purport,  and  I feel  that  this  period  is  going  down  the 
ages  as  a memorable  one  in  the  history  of  the  Church. 

“We  should  all  seize  every  opportunity  to  take  part  in 
any  movement  that  demonstrates  our  charity  and  faith. 

“I  wish  to  thank  even  at  the  outset  all  those  who  are  con- 
tributing to  the  success  of  this  undertaking,  and  especially 
tonight  the  Ancient  Order  of  Hibernians,  of  which  I am 
national  chaplain.  I am  glad  that  this  first  night  has  been 
called  Irish  night.  Let  us  strive  to  make  it  an  example  of 
what  the  Catholic  faith  in  an  Irish  heart  can  do  for  the 


178  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


poor.  May  God  bless  you  all  who  contribute  to  so  great  a 
cause.” 

Rev.  Philip  J.  O’Donnell,  the  state  chaplain,  then  spoke, 
and  he  was  followed  by  State  President  Rogers.  National 
President  Cummings  of  the  A.  O.  H.  was  the  next  speaker. 
His  concluding  words  were: — 

“The  Ancient  Order  of  Hibernians  will  work  side  by  side 
with  the  Catholics  of  all  other  races,  to  bring  our  claims 
and  our  religion  before  the  public,  so  that  our  non-Catholic 
friends  may  know  who  we  are  and  what  we  represent,  in  the 
hope  that  when  any  great  question  is  to  be  solved,  or  any 
evil  to  be  cured,  we  can  extend  the  hand  of  fellowship  to 
non-Catholics  and  say  to  them,  we  will  work  with  you  hand 
In  hand  for  the  uplifting  of  humanity  above  the  evils  that 
exist  in  nearly  all  communities. 

“In  civic  life  Catholics  of  Irish  blood  have  measured  up 
to  the  highest  standard  of  American  citizenship.  All  we 
ask  in  public  life  is  fair  play  and  a square  deal  as  American 
citizens,  that  much  we  are  entitled  to,  and  that  we  demand. 

“As  a race  we  have  contributed  more  than  our  share  to 
the  upbuilding  and  the  preservation  of  this  nation.  Our 
loyalty  to  the  flag  and  institutions  of  this  country  cannot 
now  be  questioned  by  anyone.  We  have  demonstrated  by 
our  lives  that  Catholic  citizens  are  the  equal  of  any  in  the 
land,  and  in  the  years  to  come,  in  the  words  of  a United 
States  Senator,  the  Catholic  Church  will  be  the  mainstav  of 
the  republic,  and  the  Irish  race  will  be  found  in  the  front 
ranks  in  the  future  as  in  the  past,  the  strongest  auxiliary 
of  the  Church  and  the  staunchest  defender  of  the  flag  and 
institutions  of  the  country.” 

During  the  evening  there  was  a parade  of  the  attend- 
ants of  the  tables  dressed  in  the  different  national  costumes, 
and  at  the  close  of  the  parade  Alice  G.  Clifford  v/as  crowned 
as  “Queen  of  Erin.” 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  179 


Thursday  evening  was  a banner  night  at  the  bazaar. 
The  Knights  of  Columbus,  three  thousand  strong,  assem- 
bled at  Arlington  street,  and  under  the  leadership  of  State 
Deputy  William  J.  O’Brien  and  other  State  officers  of  the 
order,  marched  to  the  hall  in  a body.  The  Archbishop  was 
also  present  during  the  evening,  and  thanked  the  Knights 
of  Columbus  for  their  attendance  and  for  the  support  which 
they  had  given  to  the  bazaar.  The  feature  of  the  evening 
was  a drill  by  the  members  of  the  Fourth  Degree,  under 
the  command  of  Capt.  D.  J.  Gorman.  Over  fifteen  thous- 
and people  were  present,  and  the  tables  during  the  evening 
were  liberally  patronized. 

Friday  evening  was  “Forester’s  Night,”  and  the  mem- 
bers of  the  Massachusetts  Catholic  Order  of  Foresters 
turned  out  in  great  numbers.  The  Archbishop  was  also 
present  to  extend  a word  of  thanks  to  the  Foresters  who 
attended,  for  their  support  in  favor  of  the  bazaar. 

Saturday  afternoon  was  reserved  for  the  children.  They 
flocked  into  the  hall  from  all  directions,  and  enjoyed  to  the 
utmost  the  interesting  features  which  were  presented  for 
their  entertainment.  The  Archbishop  also  visited  the  ba- 
zaar during  the  afternoon,  and  as  he  moved  about  among 
the  children  they  gave  him  an  impromptu  reception  that 
touched  the  hearts  of  all  who  beheld  it. 

Saturday  evening  brought  to  a close  the  grand  Catholic 
Charities  Bazaar.  Despite  the  threatening  weather  the  at- 
tendance reached  well  up  into  the  thousands. 


A Poem  by  Katherine  E.  Conway. 


Strangers  and  exiles, — first  a little  band, 

Some  sons  of  France,  but  more  from  Erin’s  shore; 

A few  who  tinge  of  Crispus  At  tucks  bore — 

Unloved,  but  scarcely  noted  in  the  land. 

Their  temple’s  name  prophetic — Holy  Cross. 

Fly  the  swift  years.  The  exile’s  progeny 
Tenfoldeth,  and  the  hosts  driven  over  sea 
By  famine-fear  or  freedom-love  are  here. 

To  prove  the  mystery  of  gain  in  loss. 

For  light  contempt  is  changed  to  bitter  hate. 

On  the  new  soil  old  feuds  regerminate, 

Saxon  ’gainst  Kelt,  new  creed  against  the  old: 

God’s  word  forgot:  “Ye  also  strangers  were.” 

Thank  him  who  smote  the  rock  and  showed  the  gold. 
Our  country’s  flag  is  toppling  from  its  Height, 

And  lo ! the  exile  to  its  rescue  flies ; 

No  longer  held,  the  Puritans’  stern  eyes 
Behold  their  brothers  in  the  fancied  foes; 

In  the  same  battles  blood  from  both  hearts  flows; 

The  hands  of  both  an  ancient  wrong  set  right. 

And  both  have  saved  the  land  of  this  world’s  hope. 

Our  multitudes  we  boast  not.  Rather  we 
Pledge  fealty  unto  freedom  making  free. 

Exulting  that  the  old  distrust  is  done ; 

That  strangers  at  our  gates  find  place  and  scope. 

That  all  men  in  our  century’s  joy  are  one. 

And  all  men  see  the  cross  on  every  spire 
Guarding  the  homes  of  all  with  sword  of  fire. 

— Boston  Sunday  GlohCy  Oct.  25,  1908. 
180 


Archbishop  O’Connell. 


Forceful  Personality.  Mental  and  Moral  En- 
dowments. Many-Sided  Versatality. 

Strong  Upholder  of  Civic  Ideals. 

A writer  in  the  Sunday  Herald,  who  signs  himself  “A 
Bostonian,”  gives  the  following  pen  portraiture  of  the 
Archbishop  of  Boston.  The  writer  says : 

“The  centenary  celebration  of  the  establishment  of  the 
Catholic  Bishopric  of  Boston,  which  is  to  take  place  during 
the  coming  week,  is  an  event  of  interest  to  the  whole  com- 
munity. For  the  Catholic  people  of  the  city  it  will  natu- 
rally be  an  occasion  of  supreme  import,  while  for  all 
classes  of  Bostonians  this  century  mark  of  a Church  which 
has  lived  and  flourished  and  exerted  a wide  influence 
throughout  all  New  England  will  be  of  more  than  passing 
significance. 

“The  great  personages  of  the  past  and  the  important 
part  they  played  in  the  development  of  Catholicity  in  this 
section  of  the  country  will  claim  the  attention  of  those 
who  give  any  thought  to  the  meaning  of  this  anniversary ; 
but,  after  all,  the  great  central  figure  in  the  celebration 
is  Boston’s  present  Archbishop,  and  the  manner  of  man 
who  is  filling  the  high  post  of  leader  of  Boston’s  Catholic 
forces  is  of  actual  and  vital  interest. 

“Archbishop  O’Connell  is  now  a familiar  figure  to  all 
Bostonians.  His  public  appearances  have  been  many,  and 
through  the  medium  of  the  metropolitan  press  people  have 
become  acquainted  with  the  strong  face  upon  which  is  in- 
delibly stamped  the  force  of  character  of  Boston’s  chief 

181 


i82  centenary  of  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


pastor.  Multitudes  have  seen  him  on  the  streets  of  the 
city,  moving  along  easily  and  gracefully,  returning  with 
an  affability  and  charming  graciousness,  blended  with  dig- 
nity, the  salutations  of  the  passers-by.  Others  still  have 
seen  him  engaged  for  a few  moments  in  conversation  with 
some  acquaintance  whom  he  has  met,  his  features  lighted 
up  with  interest,  his  head  slightly  inclined  in  attentive 
poise,  the  smile  playing  about  the  strong  mouth  and  lend- 
ing a singular  attractiveness  to  the  virile  and  forceful  face. 

“Those  who  have  given  him  a closer  scrutiny  have  not 
failed  to  note  the  large,  well  shaped  head  set  on  broad 
shoulders ; the  massive  brow,  index  of  high  intelligence ; 
the  clear,  strong  brown  eyes,  which  look  out  upon  one  with 
a fearlessness  and  frankness,  yet  always  giving  the  impres- 
sion of  immense  reserve  power;  the  heavy,  square  jaws, 
denoting  strength  of  will  and  tenacity  of  purpose;  the 
firm  mouth,  indicating  decision  and  promptness,  yet,  under 
the  influence  of  cordial  feeling,  wonderfully  mobile;  the 
compactly  built,  masculine  nose,  attesting  inherent  power, 
courage  and  perseverance,  and  the  dignified,  yet  graceful 
bearing. 

“He  is  a man  of  generous  proportions,  yet  walks  with 
an  elasticity  and  lightness  of  step  that  is  but  the  external 
counterpart  of  the  alertness,  agility  and  versatility  of  his 
mind.  He  is  big  physically  and  big  mentally. 

“His  advancement  to  his  present  exalted  position  is  no 
accident.  It  is  but  the  latest  of  a series  of  successes  which 
have  made  notable  his  career  from  boyhood  to  mature  man- 
hood. In  the  public  schools  of  Lowell,  where  his  earliest 
scholastic  training  was  acquired,  he  was  first  among  the 
pupils  of  the  school.  In  St.  Charles’  College,  EUicott 
Cit}^,  Md.,  where  he  continued  his  studies,  he  was  the  leader 
in  his  class ; and  later  in  Boston  College  he  was  graduated 
as  the  prize  scholar  of  the  institution. 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  183 


“Sent  to  Rome  to  pursue  his  theological  studies,  he 
gained,  first  as  student,  then  as  rector  of  the  North  Ameri- 
can College,  the  mental  equipment  that  makes  him  today 
a master  of  lucid  and  logical  exposition;  but  especially  he 
acquired  the  knowledge  of  men  and  affairs,  the  true  philos- 
ophy of  life  which  fits  men  for  the  higher  positions. 

“His  adaptability  and  versatihty  during  his  long  Roman 
residence  were  truly  wonderful.  He  spoke  Italian  with 
such  fluency  and  ease  and  with  such  perfect  accent  that  he 
was  regarded  by  the  Romans  more  as  one  of  themselves 
than  as  an  outsider.  His  presence  among  them  was  always 
welcomed,  and  the  sensitive  Italian  temperament  found  him 
sympathetic  and  congenial,  and  felt  none  of  that  sense  of 
constraint  and  aloofness  which  it  often  experiences  before 
the  representatives  of  the  northern  and  colder  people. 

“The  Roman  patriciate,  the  oldest  and  most  conservative 
nobility  in  the  world,  opened  wide  its  doors  to  this  scion 
of  a democratic  country  and  made  him  an  honored  guest 
in  its  homes;  and  the  place  he  occupied  in  their  esteem  re- 
ceived a striking  exemplification  on  the  day  of  his  con- 
secration as  Bishop  of  Portland  in  the  Basilica  of  St. 
John  Lateran,  when  the  great  outpouring  of  the  Roman 
nobility,  never  seen  at  a like  service  in  the  generation,  was 
present  to  testify  to  the  new  prelate  their  good-will  and  best 
wishes. 

“The  aptitude  which  he  displayed  in  meeting  every  sit- 
uation, his  great  presence  of  mind,  and,  at  the  same  time, 
his  alertness  and  quickness,  coupled  with  an  extraordinary 
flexibility  and  a high  grade  of  intellectual  power,  elicited 
the  unbounded  admiration  of  the  high  ecclesiastical  per- 
sonages of  the  Eternal  City — the  Cardinals  and  prelates 
of  the  Roman  Curia — and  so  it  was  no  surprise  that  after 
a short  sojourn  in  Portland  as  the  third  Bishop  of  that 
See,  he  was  advanced  to  the  metropolitan  See  of  New  Eng- 


i84  centenary  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


land  by  those  who,  having  at  heart  the  highest  interests  of 
the  Church,  knew  by  actual  experience  his  genuine  quali- 
fications for  the  important  post. 

“The  Archbishop  has  a capacious  and  luminous  mind. 
His  intellectual  grasp  is  strong  and  sure.  He  sees  in- 
stinctively the  value  of  a principle,  and  his  reasonings  are 
always  fundamental.  He  has,  moreover,  a mind  that  is 
fertile  and  resourceful.  He  follows  no  beaten  track  in 
his  presentment  of  truth,  and  all  his  work  is  stamped  with 
the  impress  of  individuality.  At  the  same  time,  he  is 
no  seeker  of  novelties.  He  takes  his  stand  firmly  upon  the 
dogmas  and  laws  of  the  Church,  and  from  this  vantage 
ground  delivers  the  message  that,  in  substance,  is  as  old 
as  the  Church,  but  in  its  setting  and  exposition  is  strik- 
ingly original  and  effective. 

“But  the  Archbishop  is  no  mere  intellectual.  He  has  an 
intensely  practical  mind  also — the  mind  of  a great  church- 
man or  ecclesiastical  statesman,  which,  while  appreciating 
the  logical  and  fundamental  value  of  principles,  sees  also 
at  a glance  their  practical  drift  and  bearing  and  their 
application  to  the  problems  of  life.  All  his  discourses 
display  this  double  element  of  intellectual  strength  and 
actual  value.  It  is  this  sureness  of  grasp  and  vivid  con- 
ception of  the  spiritual  needs  of  today  that  give  to  his 
pubhc  addresses  the  tone  of  fearlessness  which  pervades 
them. 

“He  is  no  mere  dealer  in  the  abstract.  He  faces  concrete 
issues;  and  with  an  analytic  power  that  he  has  developed 
to  a remarkable  degree  he  tears  away  the  pretentious  wrap- 
pings with  which  a false  philosophy  has  clothed  them,  and 
with  a piercing  insight  lays  bare  the  weakness  of  the  foun- 
dation upon  which  they  rested.  At  the  same  time  he  form- 
ulates in  clear,  terse  and  forcible  diction  the  true  theory 


REV.  ERAxNCIS  ANTHONY  MATIGNON  WHO  SUCCEEDED  REV.  JOHN 
THAYER  AS  PASTOR  OF  THE  LITTLE  CONGREGATION 
ON  SCHOOL  STREET,  IN  1 792 


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CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  185 


of  life,  based  upon  the  revealed  truth  of  Christ  and  His 
divine  law  as  these  have  been  declared  by  the  Church. 

“The  series  of  powerful  messages  which  he  has  delivered 
since  he  became  Archbishop  of  Boston  exemphfy  the 
strong  mental  cahbre  and  practical  good  sense  which  are 
among  the  Archbishop’s  endowments.  People  sometimes 
wonder  how  the  Archbishop  finds  time  from  his  manifold 
duties  of  administration  to  prepare  these  pubhc  utter- 
ances. They  little  know  the  resourcefulness  of  the  man. 
He  turns  ever3i:hing  to  profit.  He  is  a strong  believer  in 
outdoor  exercise  and  takes  long  walks  in  the  country.  But 
whether  actually  engaged  in  the  work  of  the  episcopate 
or  taking  his  needed  recreation,  the  thought  of  his  high 
office  and  its  responsibihties  is  ever  before  him.  His  active 
mind  is  never  idle;  and  often  during  these  long  walks  or 
while  driving  through  the  parks  the  germ  of  some  future 
public  address  is  conceived  and  given  birth  and  stored  away 
in  the  capacious  mind  to  be  brought  forth  sometime  in  a 
few  weeks,  sometimes  a year  afterward,  and,  on  occasion, 
after  a much  longer  lapse  of  time.  His  reading,  his  ex- 
perience gleaned  from  deahng  with  men  and  affairs,  in- 
formation gained  in  conversing  with  the  world’s  highest 
and  noblest — everything  is  drafted  into  service  and  mould- 
ed into  form  to  produce  the  weighty  prououncement  which 
everybody  now  expects  whenever  the  Archbishop  is  called 
upon  to  deliver  a public  message. 

“His  Roman  training  stood  him  in  good  stead  during 
his  mission  to  Japan.  From  the  very  moment  of  his  ad- 
vent into  the  Mikado’s  Empire  he  captivated  all  who  met 
him  by  the  versatility  of  his  gifts  and  the  admirable  blend- 
ing of  dignity  and  graciousness  which  lent  to  his  naturally 
commanding  presence  a charm  that  attracted  to  him  the 
sympathy  and  respect  of  the  high  Japanese  officials  and 
made  his  mission  such  a success  as  to  be  the  source  of  deep 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


1 86 

gratification  to  the  Holy  See  and  of  immense  advantage 
to  the  interests  of  the  Church  in  Japan.  * 

“The  public  utterances  of  the  Archbishop,  stamped  with 
intellectual  acumen  and  practical  utility,  have  produced 
a deep  impression  upon  the  public  mind  of  Boston  and 
have  attracted  the  attention  and  interest  of  the  whole 
country.  In  fact,  travelers  from  the  West  are  constantly 
bringing  back  reports  of  the  high  regard  the  people  of 
that  section  have  for  his  intellectual  ability  and  sound 
judgment  as  these  appear  in  his  published  addresses. 

“The  groundwork  of  the  Archbishop’s  moral  character 
is  his  superlative  courage.  He  is  absolutely  fearless  when 
there  is  question  of  principle  or  the  interests  of  the  Church. 
He  is  daunted  by  no  obstacle,  but  sets  resolutely  to  work, 
having  a sublime  confidence  in  the  power  of  the  Church  to 
overcome  every  impediment.  He  sets  the  example  of  work 
himself,  and,  after  formulating  his  policy  in  a broad,  but 
comprehensive  way,  gets  others  to  do  the  work  of  detail, 
and  expects  from  them  the  same  love  for  the  Church  and 
conscientious  steadfastness  to  her  interests  that  are  behind 
his  own  prodigious  labors. 

“In  the  herculean  work  of  administering  the  affairs  of 
a great  Archdiocese,  he  labors  day  by  day,  meeting  each 
duty  as  it  comes  to  hand  and  husbanding  all  available  time 
for  discharging  the  duties  of  his  high  office.  Necessarily, 
he  has  to  meet  the  clergy  and  people  of  all  classes  who  call 
upon  him,  but  he  dispatches  business  with  a decision  and 
brevity  that  suffer  no  loss  of  time. 

“He  is  affable  to  all,  but  will  brook  no  idle  talk  or  use- 
less details.  He  is  the  Archbishop  of  a great  diocese,  and 
his  time  is  precious,  and  under  no  plea  of  weak  condescen- 
sion will  he  allow  that  time  to  be  wasted.  In  his  dealings 
with  others  he  is  most  satisfactory ; his  decisions  are  clear- 
cut  and  definite,  the  knotty  point  is  disentangled  and 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  187 


things  are  put  in  their  right  place  and  upon  their  proper 
basis,  to  the  wonder  of  those  who  listen  and  acknowledge 
the  justice  and  propriety  of  the  findings.  His  whole  ad- 
ministration since  he  became  Archbishop  of  Boston  has 
been  marked  by  a singular  prudence,  tact  and  courage. 

“His  loyalty  to  friends  is  a remarkable  trait  in  the 
Archbishop’s  character.  He  has  but  few  intimate  friends 
and  these  came  to  him  unsought.  They  are  those  who  hap- 
pened to  be  near  him  in  the  different  places  where  his  work 
has  been  accomplished.  They  are  friends  who  thoroughly 
understand  the  position  and  responsibility  of  the  Arch- 
bishop. The  Archbishop  keeps  his  own  counsel;  and  his 
friends  are  wise  enough  to  know  that  they  of  all  men 
should  be  the  last  to  presume  upon  grounds  of  friendship 
to  meddle  in  the  slightest  way  in  the  Archbishop’s  business. 
But  once  the  Archbishop  has  become  a friend  he  remains  a 
friend.  He  has  never  lost  a friend,  because  he  stands  by 
his  friends  despite  every  opposition.  The  whole  world 
might  clamor,  but  that  would  not  make  the  slightest  differ- 
ence. The  Archbishop’s  rule  is  once  a friend  always  a 
friend. 

“The  Archbishop  rarely  goes  into  the  social  circles  of 
Boston.  His  activities  are  too  many  to  permit  the  time 
required  for  such  functions,  nor  personally  has  he  any  de- 
sire for  the  mere  social  pleasures  and  conventions.  But 
he  is  the  Archbishop  of  Boston,  and  whenever  he  judges 
the  dignity  and  influence  of  the  liigh  office  which  he  holds 
demand  his  presence  at  some  social  gathering  he  does  not 
hesitate  to  go.  These  occasions  are  rare,  but  when  they 
do  occur,  the  Archbishop,  without  forgetting  for  a moment 
the  dignity  of  his  office,  is  gracious  and  aflPable  to  all. 

“The  residence  which  he  occupies  was  selected  with  this 
one  view,  that  the  dignity  of  the  Archiepiscopal  office 
might  be  maintained.  As  far  as  personal  preference  is 


i88  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


concerned,  the  Archbishop  could  live  in  any  decent  sur- 
rounding, but  he  has  a just  and  adequate  conception  of 
the  exalted  position  of  a Bishop  of  the  Church  and  he  will 
not  allow  the  episcopal  office  to  be  lowered  in  respect  or 
dignity  while  he  occupies  the  Archiepiscopal  throne  of 
Boston. 

“All  Boston  knows  the  high  standards  of  civic  decency 
which  the  Archbishop  has  held  aloft  in  his  many  public 
addresses.  He  is  generally  recognized  as  a powerful  in- 
fluence for  good  in  the  life  of  the  city  and  the  state.  His 
public  spirit  and  interest  in  all  movements  looking  towards 
betterment  in  economic  and  social  conditions  have  received 
warm  acknowledgement  on  all  sides.  He  stands  for  prin- 
ciple, for  right  living,  for  honesty,  and  he  simply  puts 
forth  the  unassailable  program  that  the  Church  in  this 
great  community  can  stand  only  for  what  is  highest  in 
the  public  service.  He  is  courageous,  but  tactful  in  his 
enunciation  of  principles,  dealing  out  justice  to  all  and 
seeking  to  educate  all  up  to  the  high  levels  upon  which  he 
himself  stands.  Refraining  from  all  prejudice,  strong 
but  charitable  in  expressing  his  views,  he  is  the  great  har- 
monizing force  that  will  bring  into  relations  of  concord 
and  unity  the  diverse  populations  of  the  city  and  state. 
For  he  has  the  power  of  the  Church  behind  him  and  his 
authoritative  voice  raised  for  peace  and  good-will  and  civic 
virtue  is  a mighty  power  in  the  community. 

“Boston  is,  indeed,  fortunate  and  blessed  in  having  at 
the  beginning  of  its  second  century  of  Catholic  progress 
an  Archbishop  who  combines  in  himself  so  many  admirable 
traits — who  intellectually  is  a giant,  who  morally  is  a hero, 
who  possesses  in  a remarkable  degree  the  qualifications  of 
high,  noble  and  generous  leadership.” 


Foundation  of  the  Diocese  of  Boston, 
and  the  Growth  of  Catholicity. 


Character  Sketches  of  Bishops  Cheverus,  Fenwick, 
Fitzpatrick,  and  Williams,  who  was  the 
First  Archbishop. 

Extraordinary  as  has  been  the  growth  of  Boston  in  all 
material  ways  during  the  past  century,  the  growth  of  the 
Roman  Catholic  church  in  the  city  has  been  even  more  re- 
markable. The  Boston  of  1808  was  overwhelmingly  Puri- 
tan. The  Boston  of  1908  is  largely  Roman  Catholic,  the 
Catholic  population  having  increased  in  far  greater  ratio 
than  the  total  population. 

In  1808,  in  the  territory  now  included  within  the  arch- 
diocese of  Boston,  there  were  two  Roman  Catholic  priests 
and  one  church.  Today  there  are  an  archbishop,  a bishop, 
about  630  priests  and  260  Roman  Catholic  churches. 

In  1808  the  Catholic  population  of  what  is  now  the  arch- 
diocese of  Boston  could  not  have  been  more  than  a few  hun- 
dred. Today  the  Catholic  population  of  the  same  terri- 
tory, according  to  the  estimate  given  in  the  Catholic  ency- 
clopedia, is  850,000.  This,  however,  includes  the  Catho- 
lics living  in  Suffolk,  Middlesex,  Essex,  Norfolk  and  Ply- 
mouth counties. 

In  1808  there  were  here  no  Catholic  schools  or  chari- 
table institutions.  Today  more  than  fifty  thousand  chil- 
dren attend  Catholic  parochial  schools.  And  there  is  like- 
wise the  beginning  of  the  expansion  of  one  of  the  three 
colleges  into  a great  Catholic  university,  and  the  other  in- 
stitutions include  eight  academies  for  girls,  a theological 

189 


190  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


seminary,  four  industrial  and  reform  schools,  six  orphan 
asylums  and  twenty-four  flourishing  charitable  institu- 
tions. 

In  1808  the  value  of  all  the  Catholic  property  in  the  dio- 
cese was  but  a few  thousand  dollars.  Today  the  Catholic 
property  in  the  archdiocese  is  worth  many  millions  more 
than  that  of  all  other  religious  bodies  together. 

It  was  in  1803  that  the  first  Catholic  church  was  dedi- 
cated in  Boston,  the  church  of  the  Holy  Cross  in  Franklin 
St.,  an  oft-told  story,  but  one  so  replete  with  live  human 

associated  wdth  the  Boston  of  todaj 
as  to  be  worth  repeating  in  outline. 

Earliest  Catholic  beginnings  in  Boston  are  more  or  less 
hidden  in  a veil  of  tradition.  While  there  were  occasional 
visits  of  Catholic  missionaries  to  the  town,  the  first  resi- 
dent Catholic  clergyman  here  was  a Frenchman,  Claudius 
Florent  Bouchard,  de  la  Poterie,  who  announced  himself  as 
“doctor  of  divinity,  prothonotary  of  the  holy  church  and 
of  the  holy  see  of  Rome,  apostolic  vice-prefect  and  mis- 
sionary, curate  of  the  Catholic  church  of  the  Holy  Cross 
at  Boston  in  North  America.”  He  arrived  here  some  time 
betw'een  1781  and  1788,  and  about  Christmas  of  the  latter 
year  Rev.  John  Carroll  of  Maryland,  the  prefect-apostolic, 
created  him  pastor. 

His  congregation  met  in  the  old  French  Protestant 
chapel  on  the  south  side  of  School  St.,  a few'  doors  from 
Washington  St.  After  a somewhat  tumultuous  and  spec- 
tacular career.  Rev.  Fr.  de  la  Poterie  was  relieved  of  his 
pastorate  by  Bishop  Carroll  and  vanished.  After  a short 
interval,  during  w'hich  Rev.  Louis  Rousselet  officiated  for 
the  congregation.  Rev.  John  Thayer,  a Puritan  convert, 
arrived. 

Rev.  Fr.  Thayer,  who  had  been  a Congregational  cler- 
gyman, and  the  chaplain  of  Gov.  Hancock,  was  ordained 


interest  and  so  closely 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  191 


to  the  priesthood  in  Paris  in  1787  and  returned  to  Boston 
in  1790.  “His  friends  and  relatives,”  says  a Catholic  his- 
torian, “received  him  kindly  after  his  nine  years’  absence, 
and  crowds  flocked  to  see  the  former  parson  arrayed  in  flow- 
ing vestments  and  conducting  strange  symbolic  ceremonies. 
The  Catholic  population,  as  far  as  Thayer  could  deter- 
mine, consisted  of  about  one  hundred  French  and  Irish  in 
a city  of  18,000.” 

The  strength  of  Fr.  Thayer’s  convictions  and  his  un- 
compromising attitude,  together  with  his  fondness  for  con- 
troversy, made  his  pastorate  a lively  one.  Bishop  Carroll 
regretted  his  lack  of  “amiable,  concilatory  manners.”  But 
he  did  valiant  service  for  the  church,  and,  says  William  A. 
Leahy,  “many  New  Englanders,  laymen  and  ministers,  in 
the  century  since,  have  entered  through  the  breach  which 
John  Thayer  opened  with  his  brave,  blundering  hands.”  Fr. 
Thayer  died  in  Ireland,  bequeathing  to  Fr.  Matignon  a 
fund  of  about  $10,000,  with  which  the  famous  Ursuline 
convent  in  Charlestown  was  subsequently  founded. 

Rev.  Francis  Anthony  Matignon  in  1792  succeeded  Fr. 
Thayer  as  pastor  of  the  little  congregation  on  School  St. 
Fr.  Matignon  was  an  exile  from  France.  He  was  a tact- 
ful, diplomatic  Parisian,  scholarly  and  cultured,  and  he 
soon  smoothed  over  the  difficulties  raised  by  his  predeces- 
sors. The  church  prospered,  and  Fr.  Matignon,  feeling 
the  need  of  an  assistant,  wrote  to  a brilliant  young  man 
whom  he  had  known  at  the  seminary  in  Paris,  soliciting  his 
aid  in  the  pastorship  at  Boston. 

That  young  man  was  Jean  Lefebvre  de  Cheverus,  a 
French  priest  living  in  exile  in  England.  With  his  arrival 
in  October,  1796,  began  what  has  been  styled  “the  golden 
age  of  Catholicity  in  Boston.”  It  is  difficult  to  speak  of 
Fr.  Cheverus  without  superlatives.  His  personality  was 
irresistible.  He  carried  Boston  by  storm.  He  could  shine 


192  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


in  the  drawing  rooms  of  the  Brahmin  caste,  the  exclusive 
aristocratic  and  literary  set,  and  he  could  also  saw  wood 
with  his  own  hands  for  a poor  widow.  Even  after  he  be- 
came bishop  he  lived  in  one  room.  An  atmosphere  of  the 
most  exquisite  intellectual  culture  and  at  the  same  time  of 
the  sincerest  piety  and  humility  surrounded  him.  Without 
any  doubt  he  was  the  best  loved  man  in  the  Boston  of  his 
day.  He  tried,  without  ostentation,  to  realize  in  his  own 
life  and  character  his  ideal  of  the  Nazarene. 

When  two  young  men  were  to  be  hanged  in  Northamp- 
ton for  murder,  they  wrote  Fr.  Cheverus,  begging  him  to 
come  and  preach  the  customary  sermon  before  the  execu- 
tion. The  good  priest  complied  with  the  request,  and  no 
one  who  heard  the  sermon  ever  forgot  it.  He  scored  the 
women  in  the  congregation  for  their  morbid  curiosity,  and 
none  of  them  witnessed  the  execution. 

In  April,  1808,  Fr.  Cheverus  was  named  Bishop  of  Bos- 
ton. He  would  have  preferred  that  the  honor  be  bestowed 
upon  Fr.  Matignon,  his  superior,  and  during  the  long  in- 
terval before  the  documents  reached  America,  in  1810,  he 
insisted  upon  maintaining  the  relations  of  a subordinate 
to  Fr.  Matignon.  After  his  consecration  as  bishop  there 
was  no  change  in  his  simple  style  of  living.  He  had  an 
aversion  to  luxury.  His  episcopal  residence  was  a two- 
story  cottage;  his  reception  room  the  chamber  in  which  he 
slept.  When  the  chairs  were  all  occupied  he  sat  on  the  bed. 
His  attire  was  almost  shabby.  He  rarely  ate  more  than 
one  meal  a day.  He  studied  all  winter  without  a fire  in  his 
room.  He  visited  sick  negroes  in  their  hovels  and  yellow 
fever  patients,  who  had  been  abandoned  in  their  misery,  re- 
covered under  his  gentle  nursing. 

Until  1823  Bishop  Cheverus  remained  in  Boston,  the 
aroma  of  his  beautiful  life  pervading  the  whole  community 
and  reaching  out  to  the  Indians  of  Maine,  to  whom  he 


THE  OLD  FRANKLIN  STREET  CATHEDRAL 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  193 


regularly  ministered.  Upon  his  departure  for  France, 
where  he  subsequently  became  archbishop  and  cardinal,  the 
sorrow  of  the  people  of  Boston  was  deep  and  genuine.  A 
retinue  escorted  him  as  far  as  Walpole. 

In  the  Catholic  congregation  that  worshipped  in  School 
St.  were  two  elements,  the  French  and  the  Irish.  Among 
the  former  the  names  of  De  Baury,  a “gentleman;”  Du- 
port,  a dancing  master ; Dusseaucoir,  a candy  maker ; Du- 
mesnil,  a watchmaker,  and  of  Lepouse,  a musician,  are  pre- 
served. It  is  believed  that  none  of  their  descendants  is 
living  in  Boston  today.  Another  French  member  of  the 
congregation  was  Julien,  the  caterer,  whom  the  directories 
of  the  day  called  a “restorator,”  with  a place  of  business 
on  Milk  St.  His  memory  is  still  cherished  by  epicures  as 
the  originator  of  julien  soup. 

The  subscription  list  of  names  for  the  new  church  in 
Franklin  St.  was  headed  by  James  Kavanagh,  who  came 
from  Wexford,  lived  for  a time  in  Boston,  and  then  settled 
in  Damariscotta,  Me.,  where  he  built  ships.  His  son  Ed- 
ward, afterward  governor  of  Maine,  and  then  minister  to 
Portugal,  is  the  hero  of  Longfellow’s  story,  “Kavanagh.” 

John  Magners’  name  followed  Kavanagh’s  on  the  list. 
Magner  was  a well-to-do  blacksmith  who  owned  several 
houses  and  lived  in  Lendell’s  lane,  running  from  Congress 
St.  to  Central  wharf.  He  and  Kavanagh  were  the  wealth- 
iest members  of  the  congregation. 

Other  names  on  the  subscription  list  include  those  of 
John  Ward,  a lemon  dealer  on  Marlboro  St.,  now  a part 
of  Washington  St. ; David  Fitzgerald,  a lemon  dealer  on 
Essex  St. ; Patrick  Campbell  and  Stephen  Roberts,  both 
blacksmiths ; Michael  Burns,  whom  the  directory  calls  a 
“retailer,”  with  place  of  business  on  Sea  St.;  John  Dris- 
coll, a lemon  dealer  on  Spring  lane ; Owen  Callahan,  a 
boarding-house  keeper,  and  Edmund  Conner,  a tavern 


194  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


keeper;  William  Daly,  a baker  on  Middle  St.,  now  a part 
of  Blackstone  St. ; Daniel  English,  a marketman  on  Fish 
St.,  now  a part  of  North  St. ; Thomas  Murphy,  a mariner; 
John  Hurley,  a shoemaker  on  Summer  St.,  and  Abraham 
Fitton,  a wheelwright,  the  father  of  a well-known  clergy- 
man. 

“It  would  be  interesting,”  says  a recent  Catholic  his- 
torian, “to  possess  a list  of  the  original  one  hundred  wor- 
shippers, but  unfortunately  these  Catholic  pilgrims  were 
humble  folk,  and  no  Bradford  or  Prince  arose  to  preserve 
their  names  and  doings.  It  is  to  be  feared,  moreover,  that 
most  of  their  descendants  are  not  Catholics.” 

A site  for  the  new  church  was  purchased  on  Franklin 
St.,  opposite  the  home  of  Don  Juan  Stoughton,  the  Spanish 
consul.  The  land  cost  $2,500.  Protestants  subscribed  hb- 
erally.  President  John  Adams  heading  the  list.  Ground 
for  the  new  church  was  broken  on  St.  Patrick’s  Day,  1800. 
Bulfinch,  the  architect  of  the  state  house  and  of  the  capitol 
in  Washington,  furnished  the  plans  gratis.  The  edifice, 
completed  in  1803,  was  dedicated  by  Bishop  Carroll.  Gen. 
E.  Hasket  Derby,  grandfather  of  Dr.  Hasket  Derby,  pre- 
sented the  bell,  which  is  now  in  use  in  Holyhood  cemetery, 
Brookline. 

The  church  made  steady  progress  under  the  ministra- 
tions of  Frs.  Matignon  and  Cheverus.  In  1817  Bishop 
Cheverus  ordained  Denis  Ryan,  one  of  his  pupils,  to  the 
priesthood  and  sent  him  among  the  white  congregations  in 
Maine.  Three  years  later  Patrick  Byrne,  the  second  of  the 
bishop’s  pupils,  was  ordained.  He  became  the  first  pastor 
of  St.  Mary’s,  Charlestown.  In  1821  Rev.  William  Tay- 
lor, a convert,  the  son  of  Irish  Protestant  parents,  came  to 
Boston,  and  Bishop  Cheverus  appointed  him  vicar  general. 
The  following  year  Virgil  Barber,  another  convert,  was 
ordained.  He  built  a little  brick  chapel  at  Claremont,  N. 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  195 


H.,  and  used  the  upper  part  of  the  building  as  a school, 
among  his  pupils  being  James  Fitton,  William  Wiley  and 
William  Tyler,  all  noted  clergymen  of  a later  day. 

Meanwhile  churches  had  begun  to  spring  up  in  the  sec- 
ond decade  of  the  19th  century.  There  was  one  at  Salem, 
one  at  South  Boston,  besides  others  outside  the  limits  of 
the  present  archdiocese.  In  1820  the  Ursuline  Academy 
was  opened  near  the  cathedral  on  Franklin  St. 

After  the  departure  of  Bishop  Cheverus,  Vicar  General 
Taylor  for  two  years  governed  the  diocese,  which  included 
the  whole  of  New  England.  Rev.  Benedict  Joseph  Fen- 
wick, a Jesuit  and  a native  of  Maryland,  consecrated  in 
1825,  arrived  that  year  in  Boston  to  take  charge  of  the 
diocese.  A resolute,  virile,  energetic,  cheerful  man  weigh- 
ing 300  pounds, — in  many  respects  he  was  the  opposite  of 
the  delicate  Cheverus. 

When  Bishop  Fenwick  reached  Boston  he  was  met  by 
Vicar  General  Taylor  and  by  Frs.  Ryan  and  Byrne.  There 
were  nine  churches  in  the  whole  diocese,  but  a dearth  of 
clergymen.  In  1826  Rev.  John  Mahony,  a priest  from  the 
South,  and  Rev.  C.  D.  French,  a convert,  entered  the  dio- 
cese, and  two  years  later  Rev.  R.  D.  Woodley  came. 

About  this  time  Bishop  Fenwick  opened  an  informal  and 
unendowed  seminary  in  his  own  house,  acting  as  instructor 
to  the  candidates  for  the  priesthood,  three  of  whom, 
Messrs.  Fitton,  Wiley  and  Smith,  he  soon  ordained.  A 
year  later  William  Tyler,  who  became  bishop  of  Hartford 
in  1844,  was  ordained  by  Bishop  Fenwick.  Priests  from 
Ireland  began  to  arrive,  and  within  a few  years  the  bishop 
had  a fairly  numerous  corps  of  workers.  Churches  sprang 
up  here  and  there.  In  1834  the  bishop  personally  founded 
an  Irish  township  in  Maine,  about  70  miles  north  of  Ban- 
gor, where  150  families  settled.  Their  descendants  a^ 


196  CENTENARY  OE  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


prosperous  farmers,  and  the  town,  Benedicta,  is  the  center 
of  one  of  the  few  Catholic  parishes  in  Aroostook  County. 

Catholic  education  had  begun  in  the  days  of  Matignon 
and  Cheverus,  who  had  a day  school  in  the  tower  of  the 
church.  That  school,  which  appears  to  have  had  an  unin- 
terrupted existence,  was  placed  by  Bishop  Fenwick  in  the 
care  of  his  ecclesiastical  students.  It  was  the  tiny  root 
from  which  has  grown  the  overshadowing  tree  of  the  splen- 
did educational  system  that  today  covers  the  entire  arch- 
diocese. The  Ursuline  Academy  had  one  hundred  day  pu- 
pils, many  of  them  Protestants,  soon  after  its  inception, 
in  1820.  Six  years  later  it  was  transferred  to  Charles- 
town. About  1832  the  Sisters  of  Charity  opened  a home 
for  orphans  and  a day  school  in  Hamilton  St.,  near  Fort 
Hill. 

All  the  while  the  Catholic  population  of  Boston  was  rap- 
idly increasing,  on  account  of  the  heavy  immigration.  In 
1831  there  were  about  12,000  Catholics  in  the  city,  and  by 
1844  they  had  grown  to  about  to  about  30,000.  In  1844 
the  number  of  Catholics  in  the  entire  state  was  estimated 
at  53,000,  as  against  29,000  in  1835.  With  the  advent 
of  the  immigrants  from  Ireland  churches  and  schools  arose 
in  rapid  succession,  and  far-sighted  men  foresaw  that  the 
population  of  Massachusetts  was  destined  to  become  largely 
Catholic. 

Nevertheless,  the  spread  of  the  Catholic  faith  was  not 
without  opposition,  due  partly  to  religious  and  partly  to 
racial  prejudices,  which  fortunately  have  now  been  com- 
pletely eradicated.  The  first  anti-Catholic  outbreak  in 
Boston  occurred  in  1829,  when  for  three  nights  in  succes- 
sion the  houses  of  Irish  Catholics  in  Broad  St.  were  stoned. 
In  1834  the  Ursuline  Academy  on  Mt.  Benedict,  Charles- 
town, was  burned — an  outrage  that  stirred  the  indignation 
of  Protestants  no  less  than  of  Catholics.  That  was  the 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  197 


most  disgraceful  event  in  the  whole  history  of  Boston.  It 
was,  however,  followed  by  an  anti-Catholic  riot  in  Broad 
St.  in  1837,  occasioned  by  a dispute  over  the  right  of 
way  between  the  members  of  a Catholic  funeral  procession 
and  the  members  of  a fire  company  that  had  just  returned 
from  a fire.  Frightful  scenes  followed.  Ten  houses  along 
Broad  St.  were  entered,  the  furniture  broken,  the  bedding 
ripped  open  and  flung  into  the  street,  money  drawers  rifled, 
sick  women  turned  out  of  doors,  and  men  who  tried  to  de- 
fend them  beaten  unmercifully.  And  yet  no  one  was  con- 
victed by  the  court  except  three  Irishmen. 

Three  months  later  the  Montgomery  Guards,  an  Irish 
American  company  attached  to  the  regular  mihtia,  met 
with  other  commands  on  Boston  common  for  brigade  in- 
spection. Five  companies  left  the  field  rather  than  associ- 
ate with  their  comrades  in  arms,  and  the  Guards,  returning 
to  Faneuil  Hall,  were  assaulted  on  Washington  St.  and 
eight  of  the  company  seriously  wounded. 

That  was  the  last  act  of  violence  during  Bishop  Fenwick’s 
regime,  and  meanwhile  the  church  grew  rapidly  in  num- 
bers. Bishop  Fenwick,  who  piloted  its  fortunes  through 
stormy  years  and  who  died  in  1846,  was  called  by  his 
friends  “Boston’s  Big  Bishop  Ben.”  And  he  was  also 
brainy,  a most  captivating  conversationalist,  good-natured, 
endowed  with  a keen  sense  of  humor  and  full  of  charity  for 
all.  He  spoke  several  languages  with  ease  and  fluency  and 
was  an  eminent  classical  scholar,  and  familiar  with  the 
whole  range  of  modern  literature  and  science. 

Rev.  James  Bernard  Fitzpatrick,  who  had  been  conse- 
crated coadjutor  bishop,  succeeded  him.  Bishop  Fitzpat- 
rick, son  of  a tailor  who  came  to  Boston  from  Ireland  in 
1805,  and  was  a prominent  member  of  Fr.  Cheverus’  con- 
gregation, was  born  in  Devonshire  St.  in  1812.  He  took 
a medal  at  the  Boston  Latin  School  where  he  was  regarded 


198  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 

•<'  ! 

as  something  of  a prodigy.  Continuing  his  studies  at 
Montreal,  he  held  there  a public  disputation  in  Greek, 
Latin,  French  and  English  before  the  governor  and  several 
bishops,  and  was  promoted  to  a professorship  of  rhetoric 
before  he  was  twenty-one.  After  his  ordination  in  Paris, 
he  returned  to  Boston  and  became  a pastor  in  East  Cam- 
bridge, where  he  built  a church.  Then  he  became  the  inti- 
mate associate  of  Bishop  Fenwick. 

Bishop  Fitzpatrick  had  many  difficult  and  intricate 
problems  to  handle,  growing  out  of  the  swift  increase  in 
the  numbers  of  Catholics  in  the  diocese,  due  to  the  great 
immigration  waves,  and  out  of  the  consequent  rise  and 
growth  of  the  Know-nothing  movement,  but  his  tact  was 
equal  to  every  emergency. 

Bishop  Fitzpatrick’s  ripe  culture  and  his  Boston  birth 
made  him  a welcome  guest  in  many  aristocratic  drawing 
rooms  and  on  public  occasions.  He  was  a most  affable 
man,  a lover  of  children.  He  could  sing  plantation  melo- 
dies and  accompany  himself  on  the  piano.  But  he  was  a 
terrific  worker,  and  his  untimely  death,  in  1866,  at  the 
age  of  51,  was  no  doubt  hastened  by  the  heavy  burdens 
which  he  carried. 

John  Joseph  Williams,  bom  in  Boston  in  1822,  was  the 
fourth  bishop  and  the  first  archbishop  of  Boston,  a worthy 
successor  of  strong  men  who  preceded  him.  He  was  con- 
secrated bishop  in  1866  and  made  an  archbishop  in  1875. 
The  erection  of  the  cathedral  in  Washington  St.  and  the 
founding  of  St.  John’s  Theological  Seminary  were  two 
noted  events  of  his  administration.  In  1891  Rev.  John 
Brady  of  Amesbury  was  made  auxiliary  bishop.  In  the 
same  year  the  25th  anniversary  of  Archbishop  Williams’ 
consecration  was  celebrated,  and  in  1895  the  50th  anniver- 
sary of  his  ordination  was  a great  ecclesiastical  and  civic 
event  in  Boston. 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  199 


Archbishop  Williams’  death  occurred  in  1907,  and  dur- 
ing the  forty-one  years  of  his  administration  he  witnessed 
greater  changes  in  the  diocese  than  any  of  his  predecessors. 
Memories  of  him  are  too  recent  to  need  refreshing  here. 


when  Parishes  Were  Founded,  and 
the  First  Pastors. 


Following  is  a list  giving  the  names  of  the  parishes  in 
the  archdiocese  of  Boston,  the  towns  and  cities  where  lo- 
cated, the  names  of  the  first  pastors  and  the  dates  of  found- 
ing, the  parishes  being  arranged  in  accordance  with  their 
age: 

Cathedral  of  the  Holy  Cross,  Boston,  Rev.  Francis  A.  Matignon, 
founded  1808. 

St.  Augustine’s  chapel.  South  Boston,  Rev.  Fr.  Drummond,  founded 
1819. 

St.  Mary’s,  Salem,  Rev.  John  Mahoney,  founded  1820. 

St.  Patrick’s,  Lowell,  Rev.  John  Mahoney,  founded  1827. 

St.  Mary’s,  Charlestown,  Rev.  Patrick  Byrne,  founded  1828. 

St.  Mary’s,  Boston,  Rev.  William  Wiley,  founded  1834. 

St.  Patrick’s,  Boston,  Rev.  Thomas  Lynch,  founded  1835. 

St.  Mary’s,  Waltham,  Rev.  F.  F.  Fitzsimmons,  founded  1839. 

Holy  Trinity,  Boston,  Rev.  Fr.  Martini,  founded  1841. 

St.  Peter’s,  Lowell,  Rev.  Fr.  James  Conway,  founded  1841. 

St.  Mary’s,  West  Quincy,  Rev.  Fr.  Carraber,  founded  1841. 

St.  John’s,  East  Cambridge,  Rev.  John  B.  Fitzpatrick,  founded  1842. 
St.  John  the  Baptist’s,  Moon  St.,  Boston,  Rev.  John  B.  McMahon, 
founded  1843. 

SS.  Peter  and  Paul’s,  South  Boston,  Rev.  Thomas  Fitzsimmons, 
founded  1844. 

St.  Nicholas’  Chapel,  East  Boston,  Rev.  N.  J.  A.  O’Brien,  founded 
1844. 

Immaculate  Conception,  Newburyport,  Rev.  John  O’Brien,  founded 
1844. 

St.  Joseph’s,  Roxbury,  Rev.  H.  O’Beirne,  founded  1845. 

St.  Mary’s,  Lynn,  Rev.  Patrick  Strain,  founded  1845. 

Immaculate  Conception,  Lawrence,  Rev.  Charles  F.  French,  founded 
1846. 

St.  Patrick’s,  Watertown,  Rev.  Patrick  Flood,  founded  1847. 

St.  George’s,  Saxonville,  Rev.  George  J.  Reardon,  founded  1848. 

St.  Mary’s,  Lawrence,  Piev.  James  O’Donnell,  founded  1848. 

St.  Vincent’s,  Purchase  and  Congress  sts.,  Boston,  Rev.  Michael 
Moran,  founded  1848. 


200 


ST.  Patrick’s  church,  Northampton  street,  oldest  catholic  edifice 


IN  which  public  services  are  still  being  held 


INTERIOR  OF  ST.  PATRICK’S  CHURCH,  NORTHAMPTON  STREET. 


OLDEST  CATHOLIC  CHURCH  IN  THE  CITY, 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  201 


St.  Peter’s,  Cambridge,  Rev.  Manasses  P.  Dougherty,  founded  1848. 
Chapel  of  Holy  Family,  Beach  St.,  Boston,  Rev.  Ambrose  Manahan, 
founded  1850. 

St.  James’,  Salem,  Rev.  Thomas  H,  Shahan,  founded  1850. 

St.  Gregory’s,  Haverhill,  Rev.  John  T.  McDonnell,  founded  1850. 

St.  Francis  Xavier’s,  South  Weymouth,  Rev.  A.  L.  Roche,  founded 
1851. 

St.  Mary’s,  Randolph,  Rev.  John  T.  Reddon,  founded  1851. 
Assumption,  Brookline,  Rev.  John  O’Bierne,  founded  1852. 

St.  Charles’,  Woburn,  Rev.  M.  X.  Carroll,  founded  1852. 

St.  James’,  Albany  St.,  Boston,  Rev.  David  Walsh,  founded  1853. 

St.  Gregory’s,  Dorchester,  Rev.  Thomas  Fitzsimmons,  founded  1853. 

(Above  church  blown  up,  July  4,  1854,  when  about  completed.) 

St.  Joseph’s,  Medford,  Rev.  John  Ryan,  founded  1853. 

Chapel  Guardian  Angel,  West  End,  Boston,  Rev.  Ambrose  Manahan, 
founded  1854. 

St.  Joseph’s,  Wakefield,  Rev.  Thomas  S.  Shahan,  founded  1854. 

Most  Holy  Redeemer,  East  Boston,  Rev.  William  Wiley,  founded  1854. 
Immaculate  Conception,  Malden,  Rev.  John  Ryan,  founded  1854. 
Immaculate  Conception,  Marlboro,  Rev.  John  A.  Conlin,  founded 
1854. 

St.  Anne’s,  Gloucester,  Rev.  Dr.  Acquarone,  founded  1855. 

St.  Patrick’s,  Brockton,  Rev.  Thomas  B.  McNulty,  founded  1856. 

St.  Joachim’s,  Rockport,  Rev.  Dr.  Acquarone,  founded  1856. 

St.  Patrick’s,  Natick,  Rev.  John  Walsh,  founded  1856. 

Immaculate  Conception,  Salem,  Rev.  James  Conway,  founded  1857. 
Immaculate  Conception,  Boston,  Rev.  John  McElroy,  founded  1858. 
St.  Thomas  Aquinas’,  Bridgewater,  Rev.  Lawrence  S.  McMahon, 
founded  1858. 

St.  Mary’s,  Ayer,  Rev.  Charles  Foley,  founded  1858. 

St.  Francis  de  Sales’,  Charlestown,  Rev.  George  A.  Hamilton,  founded 
1859. 

Annunciation,  Danvers,  Rev.  Charles  Raioni,  founded  1859. 

St.  Mary’s,  Foxboro,  Rev.  M.  X.  Carroll,  founded  1859. 

Star  of  the  Sea,  Marblehead,  Rev.  Charles  Rainoni,  founded  1859. 
St.  John’s,  Canton,  Rev.  John  Flatley,  founded  1861. 

St.  Stephen’s,  Boston,  Rev.  George  F.  Haskins,  founded  1862. 

St.  Joseph’s,  Boston,  Rev.  atrick  T.  O’Reilly,  founded  1862. 

Gate  of  Heaven,  South  Boston,  Rev.  James  Sullivan,  founded  1862. 
St.  Gregory’s,  Dorchester,  Rev.  Thomas  McNulty,  founded  1863. 

St.  Bridget’s,  Abington,  Rev.  A.  L.  Roche,  founded  1863. 

Star  of  the  Sea,  East  Boston,  Rev.  D.  J.  O’Farrell,  founded  1864. 
St.  Patrick’s,  Groveland  (Georgetown  Mission),  founded  1864. 

St.  Bridget’s,  Maynard,  Rev.  John  A.  Crowe,  founded  1864. 

St.  Rose’s,  Chelsea,  Rev.  James  Strain,  founded  1865. 

St.  Joseph’s,  Amesbury,  Rev.  Fr.  Lennon,  founded  1866. 

St.  Augustine’s,  Andover,  Rev.  M.  F.  Gallagher,  O.S.A.,  founded  1866. 
Annunciation,  Cambridgeport,  Rev.  Thomas  Scully  founded  1866. 

St.  Mary’s,  Dedham,  Rev.  James  P.  Brennan,  founded  1866. 


202  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


St.  John’s,  Hopkinton,  Rev.  Thomas  Barry,  founded  1866. 

St.  Francis  de  Sales’,  Roxbury,  Rev.  Sherwood  Healy,  founded  1867. 
St.  Patrick’s,  South  Lawrence,  Rev.  William  Orr,  founded  1868. 

St.  Andrew’s,  Billerica,  Rev.  Fr.  Lebret,  O.M.I.,  founded  1868. 

St.  John’s  Chapel,  Lowell,  Rev.  Fr.  Cosson,  O.M.I.,  founded  1868. 

St.  Joseph’s,  Lowell,  Rev.  Andrew  J.  Garin,  O.M.I.,  founded  1868. 
St.  atrick’s,  Stoneham,  Rev.  W.  H.  Fitzpatrick,  founded  1868. 

St.  Augustine’s,  South  Boston,  Rev.  D.  O’Callaghan,  founded  1868. 
Our  Lady  of  Perpetual  Help,  Roxbury,  Rev.  Joseph  Wissell,  C.S.S.R., 
founded  1869. 

Assumption,  East  Boston,  Rev.  Joseph  H.  Cassin,  founded  1869. 
Sacred  Heart,  East  Boston,  Rev.  Lawrence  P.  McCarthy,  founded 
1869. 

Immaculate  Conception,  Lowell,  Rev.  A.  J.  Garin,  O.M.I.,  founded 
1869. 

St.  John’s,  Lowell,  Rev.  Fr.  Guillard,  O.M.I.,  founded  1869. 

St.  Thomas  Aquinas’,  Jamaica  Plain,  Rev.  Thomas  Magennis,  founded 
1869. 

St.  Mary’s,  Marlboro,  Rev.  Francis  Gouesse,  founded  1870. 

St.  Michael’s,  Hudson,  Rev.  P.  A.  McKenna,  founded  1870. 

Star  of  the  Sea,  Beverly,  Rev.  Thomas  H.  Shahan,  founded  1870. 

St.  John’s,  Peabody,  Rev.  M.  J.  Masterson,  founded  1870. 

St.  Joseph’s,  Somerville,  Rev.  C.  T.  McGrath,  founded  1870. 

St.  Mary’s,  Newton  Upper  Falls,  Rev.  M.  X.  Carroll,  founded  1870. 
St.  Joseph’s,  Pepperell,  Rev.  Henry  J.  Madden,  founded  1870. 

St.  Mary’s,  Georgetown,  Rev.  John  Cummings,  founded  1870. 

St.  Mary’s,  Holliston,  Rev.  R.  J.  Quinlan,  founded  1870. 

St.  Paul’s,  Hingham,  Rev.  Peter  J.  Leddy,  founded  1871. 

Sacred  Heart,  Manchester,  Rev.  Thomas  H.  Shahan,  founded  1871. 
St.  Bernard’s,  Concord,  Rev.  John  O’Brien,  founded  1871. 

Sacred  Heart,  Weymouth,  Rev.  Hugh  P.  Smyth,  founded  1871. 

St.  Columbkille’s,  Brighton,  Rev.  P.  J.  Rogers,  founded  1872. 

St.  John’s,  Quincy,  Rev.  Francis  Friguglietti,  founded  1872. 

St.  John  the  Baptist’s,  Boston,  Rev.  John  Ignatius,  founded  1872. 
St.  Vincent’s,  South  Boston,  Rev.  Michael  Lane,  founded  1872. 
Inunaculate  Conception,  Stoughton,  Rev.  Thomas  Norris,  founded 

1872. 

St.  Patrick’s,  Roxbury,  Rev.  Joseph  H.  Gallagher,  founded  1872. 

St.  Peter’s,  Dorchester,  Rev.  Peter  Ronan,  founded  1872. 

St.  Lawrence  O’Toole’s,  Lawrence,  Rev.  Jeremiah  Ryan,  O.S.A., 
founded  1872. 

St.  Malachi’s,  Arlington,  Rev.  Joseph  N.  Finotti,  founded  1873. 

St.  James’,  Harrison  Ave.,  Boston,  Rev.  James  A.  Healy,  founded 

1873. 

St.  Anne’s,  Lawrence,  Rev.  Fr.  Michaud,  founded  1873. 

St.  Paul’s,  Cambridge,  Rev.  William  Orr,  founded  1873. 

Sacred  Heart,  East  Cambridge,  Rev.  John  O’Brien,  founded  1873. 
St.  Anthony’s,  Cohasset,  Rev.  M.  J.  Phelan,  founded  1873. 

Epiphany,  Hyde  Park,,  Rev.  William  J.  Corcoran,  founded  1875. 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  203 


St.  Bridget’s,  Melrose,  Rev,  D.  J.  O’Farrell,  founded  1875. 

St.  Leonard’s,  Boston,  Rev.  Joachim  Guerini,  O.S.F.,  founded  1875. 

St.  Joseph’s,  Lynn,  Rev.  John  C.  Harrington,  founded  1875. 

St.  Joseph’s,  Haverhill,  Rev.  Fr.  Casgrain,  founded  1876. 

St.  Mary’s,  Everett,  Rev.  Joseph  F.  Mohan,  founded  1876. 

St.  Mary’s,  Winchester,  Rev.  Fr.  O’Connor,  founded  1876. 

St.  Bernard’s,  West  Newton,  Rev.  M.  T.  McManus,  founded  1876. 
St.  Peter’s,  Plymouth,  Rev.  James  C.  Murphy,  founded  1876. 

St.  Mary’s,  Franklin,  Rev.  J.  Griffin,  founded  1877. 

St.  Francis’,  Walpole,  Rev.  Francis  Gouesse,  founded  1877. 

Our  Lady  Help  of  Christians,  Newton,  Rev.  M.  M.  Green,  founded 
1878. 

St.  Bridget’s,  Framingham,  Rev.  Jno.  S.  Cullen,  founded  1878. 
Immaculate  Conception,  East  Weymouth,  Rev.  Jeremiah  E.  Millerick, 
founded  1879. 

Holy  Ghost,  Whitman,  Rev.  J.  F.  Hamilton,  founded  1880. 

Most  Precious  Blood,  Hyde  Park,  Rev.  R.  J.  Barry,  founded  1880. 
Sacred  Heart,  Middleboro,  Rev.  O.  Boucher,  founded  1880. 

St.  Joseph’s,  Ballardvale,  Rev.  Maurice  Murphy,  O.S.A.,  founded 
1881. 

St.  Joseph’s,  Salem,  Rev.  F.  X.  L.  Vezina,  founded  1881. 

St.  Anne’s,  Somerville,  Rev.  John  B.  Galvin,  founded  1881. 

St.  Jerome’s,  North  Weymouth,  Rev.  J.  E.  Millerick,  founded  1881. 
Notre  Dame  des  Victorires,  Boston,  Rev.  Fr.  Touche,  S.M.,  founded 
1882. 

Holy  Family,  Rockland,  Rev.  J.  D,  Tierney,  founded  1882. 

St.  Michael’s,  Lowell,  Rev.  Michael  O’Brien,  founded  1883. 

St.  Stephen’s,  South  Framingham,  Rev.  Jno.  S.  Cullen,  founded  1883. 
St.  James’,  Haverhill,  Rev.  James  O’Doherty,  founded  1884. 

Our  Lady  of  the  Rosary,  South  Boston,  Rev.  Jno.  J.  McNulty, 
founded  1884. 

Sacred  Heart,  Lowell,  Rev.  W.  D.  Joyce,  O.M.I.,  founded  1884. 

St.  Cecelia’s,  Ashland,  Rev.  M.  F.  Delaney,  foimded  1885. 

St.  Joseph’s,  Medway,  Rev.  Matthew  T.  Boylan,  founded  1885. 

St.  Bridget’s,  Lexington,  Rev.  Patrick  J.  Cavanaugh,  founded  1886. 

St.  Margaret’s,  Beverly  Farms,  Rev.  John  J.  Downey,  founded  1886. 
St.  John  the  Baptist’s,  Lynn,  Rev.  John  B.  Parent,  founded  1886. 

St.  Catherine’s,  Charlestown,  Rev.  Matthew  T.  Boylan,  founded  1887. 
Assumption,  Lawrence,  Rev.  Fr.  Sagg,  founded  1887. 

St.  Joseph’s,  Holbrook,  Rev.  James  J.  Kelly,  founded  1887. 

St.  Cecelia’s,  Boston,  Rev.  R.  J.  Barry,  founded  1888. 

Immaculate  Conception,  Revere,  Rev.  James  Lee,  founded  1888. 

St.  Zepherin’s,  Cochituate,  Rev.  George  A.  Rainville,  founded  1889. 
Our  Lady  of  Good  Voyage,  Gloucester,  Rev.  F.  Viera  de  Bern, 
founded  1889. 

St.  John  the  Baptist’s,  Lowell,  Rev.  A.  J.  Garin,  O.M.I.,  founded  1889. 
St.  Anne’s,  Neponset,  Rev.  T.  J.  Murphy,  founded  1889. 

Sacred  Heart,  Boston,  Rev.  Francis  Zaboglia,  founded  1889. 

St.  Joseph’s,  Ipswich,  Rev.  P.  F.  Boyle,  founded  1889. 


204  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


Sacred  Heart,  Malden,  Rev.  Thomas  H.  Shahan,  founded  1890. 

St.  John’s,  North  Cambridge,  Rev.  Jno.  B.  Halloran,  founded  1890. 
Sacred  Heart,  Newton  Center,  Rev.  D.  J.  Wholey,  founded  1890. 
St.  John’s,  Newton  Lower  Falls,  Rev.  P.  H.  Callanan,  founded  1890. 
St.  Catherine’s,  Norwood,  Rev.  James  B.  Troy,  founded  1890. 
Sacred  Heart,  Brockton,  Rev.  George  A.  Rainville,  founded  1891. 
Nativity,  Merrimac,  Rev.  Thomas  Moylan,  founded  1891. 

Blessed  Sacrament,  Roxbury,  Rev.  Arthur  T.  Connolly,  founded  1891. 
St.  Catherine’s,  Somerville,  Rev.  James  J.  O’Brien,  founded  1891. 
Sacred  Heart,  South  Natick,  Rev.  John  A.  Donnelly,  founded  1891. 
St.  Catherine’s,  Graniteville,  Rev.  John  J.  Shaw,  founded  1892. 
Notre  Dame  de  Pitie,  Cambridge,  Rev.  Elphege  Godin,  S.M.,  founded 
1892. 

St.  Edward’s,  Medfield,  Rev.  John  P.  Donnelly,  founded  1892. 

St.  John’s,  Roxbury,  Rev.  Hugh  P.  Smyth,  founded  1892. 

St.  Margaret’s,  Dorchester,  Rev.  William  A.  Ryan,  founded  1893. 
St.  Anthony’s,  Allston,  Rev.  Joseph  N.  Tracy,  D.D.,  founded  1893. 
Our  Lady  of  Czenstochowa,  South  Boston,  Rev.  John  Chmielinski, 
founded  1893. 

Our  Lady  of  the  Cedars,  Tyler  St.,  Boston,  Rev.  Gabriel  Kokemas, 
founded  1893. 

St.  John’s,  North  Chelmsford,  Rev.  John  J.  Shaw,  founded  1893. 
Sacred  Heart,  Roslindale,  Rev.  John  F.  Cummins,  founded  1893. 

St.  Lazarus,  Orient  Heights,  Rev.  Fr.  Martini,  founded  1893. 

St.  Joseph’s,  Waltham,  Rev.  P.  H.  Grenier,  founded  1894. 

St.  Mary’s,  Melrose,  Rev.  Francis  J.  Glynn,  founded  1894. 

Sacred  Heart,  West  Lynn,  Rev.  Dennis  F.  Sullivan,  founded  1894. 
All  Saints’,  Roxbury,  Rev.  Thomas  F.  Moylan,  founded  1894. 

St.  Philip’s,  Boston,  Rev.  Philip  J.  O’Donnell,  founded  1895. 

Sacred  Heart,  Mt.  Auburn,  Rev.  T.  W.  Coughlan,  founded  1895. 

St.  Theresa’s,  West  Roxbury,  Rev.  Patrick  F.  Boyle,  founded  1895. 
St.  Joseph’s,  (Lithuanian),  South  Boston,  Rev.  Joseph  A Griscuis, 
founded  1896. 

Immaculate  Conception,  Everett,  Rev.  Joseph  Mohan,  founded  1896. 
St.  Edward’s,  Brockton,  Rev.  J.  J.  Kelly,  founded  1897. 

St.  Agnes’,  Arlington,  Rev.  John  M.  Mulcahy,  founded  1900. 

St.  Matthew’s,  Dorchester,  Rev.  D.  J.  Powers,  founded  1900. 

St.  Joseph’s,  Belmont,  Rev.  N.  J.  Murphy,  founded  1900. 

St.  Anthony’s,  Lowell,  Rev.  J.  V.  Rosa,  founded  1901. 

St.  Ann’s,  Salem,  Rev.  Joseph  A.  Pelletier,  founded  1901. 

St.  Joseph’s,  Lawrence,  Rev.  Philip  Batal,  founded  1901. 

St.  Anthony’s,  Lawrence,  Rev.  G.  Bastani,  founded  1902. 

St.  Aloysius’,  Newburyport,  Rev.  J.  L.  M.  Levesque,  founded  1902. 
St.  Leo’s,  Dorchester,  Rev.  T.  J.  McGoldrick,  founded  1902. 

St.  Margaret’s,  Brockton,  Rev.  John  F.  Keleher,  founded  1902. 

St.  Joseph’s,  Rev.  Timothy  J.  Holland,  founded  1902. 

Our  Lady  of  Pompeii,  Boston,  Rev.  P.  Di  Milla,  founded  1903. 
Sacred  Heart,  Amesbury,  Rev.  John  B.  Labossiere,  founded  1903. 

St.  Francis’,  Braintree,  Rev.  Matthew  F.  McDonnell,  founded  1903. 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  205 


Sacred  Heart,  Atlantic,  Rev.  John  P.  Cuffe,  founded  1903. 

John  the  Baptist’s,  Salem,  Rev.  John  M.  Chmielinski,  founded  1903. 
Holy  Rosary,  Lawrence,  Rev.  Milanese,  founded  1904. 

St.  Peter’s  (Lithuanian),  South  Boston,  Rev.  Jonas  Zillinski,  founded 
1904. 

Our  Lady  of  the  Angels,  Roxbury,  Rev.  Henry  A.  Barry,  founded 
1904. 

St.  Agnes’,  Reading,  Rev.  Denis  F.  Lee,  founded  1904. 

St.  Louis’,  Lowell,  Rev.  Joseph  N.  Jacques,  founded  1904. 

Holy  Trinity,  Lowell,  Rev.  Alexander  Ognovaki,  founded  1904. 
Chapel  of  Immaculate  Conception,  Boston,  Rev.  P.  J.  Lyons,  founded 

1904. 

Blessed  Sacrament,  Cambridgeport,  Rev.  John  A.  Crowe,  founded 

1905. 

St.  Stanislaus’,  Chelsea,  Rev.  George  Jaskolski,  founded  1905. 

Our  Lady  of  Mt.  Carmel,  East  Boston,  Rev.  Francis  Sanella,  founded 
1905. 

Our  Laay  of  Lourdes,  Beachmont,  Rev.  P.  M.  O’Connor,  founded  1905. 
St.  Raphael’s,  West  Medford,  Rev.  N.  J.  Merritt,  founded  1905. 

St.  Anthony’s,  Shirley,  Rev.  J.  H.  Cote,  founded  1905. 

St.  Mark’s,  Dorchester,  Rev.  John  A.  Daly,  founded  1905. 

St.  John’s,  Swampscott,  Rev.  Patrick  Colman,  founded  1905. 

Holy  Trinity,  Lawrence,  Rev.  Francis  Wajtanowski,  founded  19905. 
St.  Francis’,  Lawrence,  Rev.  Joseph  Sestokas,  founded  1905. 
Sacred  Heart,  Lawrence,  Rev.  Stephen  Vinas,  founded  1905. 

St.  Patrick’s,  West  Lynn,  Rev.  Patrick  Masterson,  founded  1906. 
St.  Michael’s,  West  Lynn,  Rev.  J.  Doda,  founded  1906. 

St.  Tarcisius’,  South  Framingham,  Rev.  Pietro  Maschi,  founded  1906. 
St.  Anthony’s,  Revere,  Rev.  Canio  DeBonis,  founded  1906. 

Our  Lady  of  Sorrows,  Sharon,  Rev.  George  A.  Costello,  founded  1906. 
St.  Patrick’s,  Montvale,  Rev.  Patrick  T.  Higgins,  founded  1906. 
St.  John’s,  Winthrop,  Rev.  John  Griffin,  founded  1906. 

St.  Hedwige,  Cambridge,  Rev.  Henry  Zmijewski,  founded  1907. 

SS.  Peter  and  Paul’s,  Lawrence,  Rev.  P.  L.  Despony,  founded  1907. 
Help  of  Christians,  Concord  Junction,  Rev.  M.  J.  Welch,  founded 
1907. 

St.  Anthony’s,  Cambridge,  Rev.  A.  J.  Pimentel,  founded  1907. 

St.  Paul’s,  Roxbury,  Rev.  Joseph  G.  Anderson,  founded  1907. 
Sacred  Heart,  Hanover,  Rev.  James  Gilday,  founded  1907. 

St.  Monica’s,  South  Boston,  Rev.  Timothy  J.  Mahoney,  founded 

1907. 

Sacred  Heart,  Groton,  Rev.  Charles  A.  Finnegan,  founded  1907. 

St.  Angela’s,  Mattapan,  Rev.  Francis  J.  Ryan,  founded  1907. 

Our  Lady  of  Lourdes,  Jamaica  Plain,  Rev.  George  A.  Lyons,  founded 

1908. 

Sacred  Heart,  Bradford,  Rev.  John  J.  Graham,  founded  1908. 

St.  Patrick’s,  Cambridge,  Rev.  L.  W.  Slattery,  founded  1908. 

St.  Joseph’s,  Kingston,  Rev.  Andrew  Haberstroh,  founded  1908. 

(From  the  Boston  Sunday  Globe,  Oct.  25,  1908.) 


Dates  in  New  England  Catholic 

History. 

1611 — Arrival  of  Peter  Baird,  S.J.,  among  the  Abenaki  Indians  in 
Maine, 

1643 — Rev.  Gabriel  Druilletes,  S.J.,  begins  Indian  Mission  in  Maine. 

1650 — Fr.  Druilletes  entertained  for  two  weeks  at  home  of  colonial 
governor  of  Massachusetts  in  Boston;  mass  supposed  to  have 
been  said  in  private  during  his  stay  here. 

1688 —  Ann  Glover,  a Catholic,  hanged  as  a witch  in  Boston. 

1689 —  The  “Andros  Papers”  declare  that  there  was  not  a single  Cath- 
olic in  all  New  England. 

1732 — March  20,  the  Boston  Weekly  Rehearsal  says:  “We  hear  that 
mass  has  been  performed  in  town  this  winter  by  an  Irish  priest 
among  some  Catholics  of  his  own  nation,  of  whom  it  is  not 
doubted  we  have  a considerable  number  among  us.” 

1746 — One  hundred  French  Catholics  arrested  in  Boston,  “to  prevent 
any  danger  the  town  may  be  in,”  but  released  by  the  sheriff. 

1756 — Nearly  2000  exiled  Arcadians  denied  the  services  of  a priest 
by  Gov.  Hutchinson. 

1788 —  Rev.  Claudius  de  la  Poterie,  first  Catholic  pastor  of  Boston, 
arrives  and  says  mass  at  18  School  St.,  on  All  Saints’  day. 

1789 —  Rev.  Louis  Rousselet  succeeds  the  Abbe  de  la  Poterie  as  pastor. 

1790 —  Rev.  John  Thayer,  a convert,  arrives  in  Boston  to  succeed 
Rev.  Fr.  Rousselet;  the  French  side  with  Rousselet  and  the 
Irish  with  Thayer. 

1791 —  Bishop  Carroll  visits  Boston  and  is  received  with  great  honor; 
Gov.  Hancock  attends  mass  as  a mark  of  respect  for  him;  the 
bishop  said:  “It  is  wonderful  to  tell  what  great  civilities  have 
been  done  to  me  in  this  town,  where  a few  years  ago  a popish 
priest  was  thought  to  be  the  greatest  monster  in  the  creation. 
If  aU  the  Catholics  here  were  united  their  nmnber  would  be 
about  120.” 

1792 —  Rev.  F.  A.  Matignon  arrives  in  Boston  Aug.  20,  to  take  charge 
of  the  Catholic  parish. 

1796 —  Rev.  John  Louis  de  Cheverus  arrives  Oct.  3,  to  assist  Fr. 
Matignon  in  the  pastorate. 

1797 —  Fr.  Cheverus  visits  the  Indian  missions  in  Maine;  in  his  report 
of  Easter  communions  the  following  year  he  finds  210  Catholics 
in  Boston,  15  in  Plymouth,  21  in  Newburyport,  3 in  Salem. 

1799 —  March  31,  meeting  held  in  Boston  to  take  steps  toward  build- 
ing a new  church  on  Franklin  Street. 

1800 —  St.  Patrick’s  day,  ground  broken  for  the  new  church. 

1803 — Sept.  29,  new  church  dedicated. 

1805 — Number  of  Catholic  in  Boston,  500. 

1808 — April  8,  New  England  created  a diocese  and  Fr.  Cheverus 
named  as  bishop  by  the  pope. 

206 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  207 


1810 — Nov.  1,  Fr.  Cheverus  consecrated  in  Baltimore  as  first  bishop 
of  Boston. 

1815 — Death  of  Fr.  Thayer  in  Limerick,  Ire. 

1817 —  Bishop  Cheverus  ordains  his  first  ecclesiastical  student,  Denis 
Ryan. 

1818 —  Death  of  Fr.  Matignon,  Sept.  18. 

1819 —  Ursuline  nuns  arrive  in  Boston;  convent  opened  in  Franklin 
Street,  near  the  cathedral. 

1819 — St.  Augustine’s  chapel  built  in  South  Boston. 

1823 — Bishop  Cheverus  leaves  Boston  to  become  bishop  of  Montau- 
ban,  France. 

1825 —  Nov.  1,  Rev.  Joseph  Fenwick  consecrated  second  bishop  of 
Boston. 

% 

1826 —  Ursuline  nuns  open  convent  on  Mt.  Benedict,  Charlestown. 

1831 — First  orphan  asylum  in  diocese  opened  by  Sisters  of  Charity. 

1834 — Aug.  11,  sacking  and  burning  of  the  Ursuline  convent. 

1841 —  D.  H.  B.  C.  Greene,  first  Catholic  elected  to  Massachusetts  leg- 
islature. 

1842 —  First  diocesan  synod  held,  with  attendance  of  thirty  priests; 
in  1825  there  were  only  two  priests  in  the  diocese.  Rev.  P. 
Byrne  in  Boston  and  Rev.  D.  Ryan  at  Newcastle,  Me. 

1843 —  College  of  the  Holy  Cross,  Worcester,  founded. 

1843 —  Diocese  of  Hartford  established. 

1844 —  Rev.  John  Bernard  Fitzpatrick  made  coadjutor  bishop  of 
Boston. 

1846 — Death  of  Bishop  Fenwick. 

1853 —  Diocese  of  Burlington  established. 

1854 —  Destruction  of  Catholic  churches  at  Dorchester,  Bath,  Me.,  and 
Manchester,  N.  H.,  by  Knownothings;  Rev.  John  Bapst,  S.  J., 
subsequently  president  of  Boston  college,  tarred  and  feathered 
at  Ellsworth,  Me. 

1855 —  Diocese  of  Portland  established. 

1859 — Thomas  J.  Wall,  a Catholic  boy,  whipped  for  refusing  to  read 
the  Protestant  Bible  in  a Boston  public  school;  incident  led 
to  the  general  establishment  of  parochial  schools. 

1863 — Boston  college  opened. 

1866 — Death  of  Bishop  Fitzpatrick  and  consecration  of  Rev.  John 
J.  Williams  as  bishop. 

1870 — Diocese  of  Springfield  established. 

1872 — Diocese  of  Providence  established. 

1875 — Diocese  of  Boston  made  an  archdiocese  and  Bishop  Williams 
created  archbishop. 

1884 — Diocese  of  Manchester  established. 

1891 — Rev.  John  Brady  consecrated  auxiliary  bishop  of  Boston. 

1901 — Rev.  W.  H.  O’Connell  consecrated  bishop  of  Portland. 

1904 — Diocese  of  Fall  River  established. 

1906 —  Bishop  O’Connell  made  coadjutor  archbishop  of  Boston. 

1907 —  Death  of  Archbishop  Williams  and  succession  of  Archbishop 
O’Connell  to  the  metropolitan  see. 


Seven  Dioceses  Outside  of  Boston. 


Hartford  the  first  set  apart  in  1843,  followed  by 
Portland,  Springfield,  Providence,  Manches- 
ter, AND  Fall  River.  Great  Success  At- 
tending Efforts  of  Bishops,  Priests 
AND  People. 


PROVIDENCE  DIOCESE. 

Tradition  has  it  that  the  first  mass  of  the  Catholics  in 
Rhode  Island  was  celebrated  under  the  now  famous  Catho- 
lic oak  located  in  the  heart  of  the  Blackstone  valley.  The 
tree  stands  revered  by  the  members  of  the  faith  and  hon- 
ored by  the  people  of  the  countryside  in  general. 

In  the  early  days  the  priests  came  from  Boston,  and  on 
some  rare  occasions  Bishop  Fenwick  of  the  diocese  also 
visited  his  people,  making  the  journey  in  the  old-time  stage 
coach  which  started  one  day  in  Washington  St.,  Boston, 
and  stopped  the  next  day  in  the  other  end  of  the  same 
Washington  Street,  in  Providence. 

• In  1830,  it  is  said  by  the  oldest  living  members  of  the 
faith  here,  that  there  were  seven  Catholics  in  Providence 
and  two  of  these  lived  until  about  twelve  years  ago. 

The  latest  state  census  records  that  the  Catholics  have 
a trifle  above  53  per  cent,  of  the  population  of  Rhode 
Island. 

Though  coming  to  this  state  200  years  after  Roger  Wil- 
liams, the  founder  of  Rhode  Island  and  the  champion  of 
religious  libert}’^,  the  Catholics  had  a mighty  struggle  to 


208 


Copyright,  1909,  Henry  Havelock  Pierce,  Boston 
RT.  REV.  MATTHEW  HARKINS,  D.D.,  BISHOP  OF  PROVIDENCE 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  209 


get  a substantial  foothold  in  the  plantations.  The  first 
Catholics  found  it  difficult  to  buy  lands  for  churches  and 
they  were  made  the  objects  of  attack  in  a riot  in  ’57.  In 
one  particular  instance  the  onslaught  was  at  the  convent 
quite  near  the  center  of  the  city  on  Claverick  Street,  and 
the  outbreak  was  serious. 

The  first  cathedral  of  Providence  was  built  more  like 
a fortification  than  a church.  It  was  erected  of  what  is 
termed  foundation  building  stone  at  the  present  time.  It 
was  built  without  windows  on  the  long  sides. 

About  1811  Rev.  Dr.  Matignon,  an  exiled  French  mis- 
sionary who  had  been  sent  by  Bishop  Carroll  to  Boston  in 
August,  1792,  and  the  Right  Rev.  John  de  Cheverus,  con- 
secrated the  first  bishop  of  Boston  in  1810,  visited  the 
town  of  Bristol,  then  one  of  the  main  seaports  of  America, 
to  celebrate  mass  and  baptize  the  children  of  the  French- 
American  Catholics  residing  there. 

In  1813  there  was  started  a small  colony  of  Catholics  in 
Providence.  From  1813  to  1828  Dr.  Matignon  and 
Bishop  Cheverus,  after  they  visited  Bristol,  came  occa- 
sionally to  Providence.  The  first  service  in  the  now  capital 
city  was  held  in  an  old  wooden  school  house  on  Sheldon 
Street  in  the  Fox  Point  end  of  the  city.  The  great  gale 
of  1815  blew  all  traces  of  the  Catholic  landmark  away. 

In  1827  the  Catholics  of  Providence  made  request  upon 
Bishop  Fenwick  of  Boston  for  the  special  services  of  a 
priest.  The  first  pastor  of  Rhode  Island  and  Connecticut 
was  then  appointed.  He  was  Rev.  Robert  D.  Woodley, 
who  had  labored  in  the  Boston  diocese  for  two  or  three 
years.  During  his  ministry  Father  Woodley  officiated  in 
Providence,  Pawtucket,  Woonsocket,  Newport,  Hartford, 
New  Haven  and  New  London,  Conn.,  and  Taunton,  Mass. 

Coming  as  usual  over  the  long  and  chilly  coaching  jour- 
ney from  Boston,  Bishop  Fenwick  of  the  Boston  diocese 


210  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


on  April  14,  1828,  celebrated  the  first  public  mass  in  Prov- 
idence at  Mechanics  Hall. 

The  day  following  this  venture  in  this  state  Bishop  Fen- 
wick went  to  Pawtucket  and  there  met  the  few  Catholics  of 
that  part  of  Rhode  Island.  It  is  recorded  that  he  said  mass 
under  the  celebrated  Catholic  oak  tree. 

There  were  about  150  Catholics  at  this  time  in  Provi- 
dence and  in  1830  Rev.  John  Curry  succeeded  Fr.  Wood- 
ley.  It  was  during  the  pastorate  of  Fr.  Curry  that  the 
civil  authorities  of  the  town  granted  the  use  of  the  “old 
town  house”  for  masses,  and  there  services  were  held  for 
four  or  five  years. 

Francis  Hye,  a Catholic  of  great  courage  and  business 
perseverance,  was  finally  commissioned  by  Fr.  Curry  to 
purchase  a lot  of  land  for  a church,  and  one  was  eventually 
bought,  the  store  of  Duty  Greene,  the  father-in-law  of 
U.  S.  Senator  Nelson  W.  Aldrich,  the  financial  leader  of 
Congress. 

In  November,  1832,  Fr.  Curry  was  sent  to  Taunton, 
Mass.,  and  he  was  succeeded  in  Providence  by  Fr.  Connel- 
ley,  who  attended  to  both  Providence  and  Pawtucket.  Fr. 
Lee  came  here  in  1834  for  three  and  a half  years  and  in 
1835  the  foundations  of  the  first  Catholic  church  in  Provi- 
dence were  started.  The  structure  measured  80  by  44  feet. 

From  1830  until  the  church  was  built  the  Catholics  en- 
joyed the  privilege  of  services  in  the  town  hall.  There 
were  estimated  to  be  1000  Catholics  here  then. 

Fr.  Lee’s  successors  were  Frs.  Lynch,  McNamee  and 
Miller.  In  May,  1837,  Fr.  Curry  again  took  charge  of 
the  congregation  and  aided  the  completion  of  the  church 
so  that  service  was  held  in  it  for  the  first  time  on  the  second 
Sunday  in  Advent,  Dec.  1,  of  the  same  year. 

On  Nov.  4,  1838,  the  building  was  dedicated  as  Sts. 
Peter  and  Paul’s  Church,  and  it  later  became  the  site  of 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  21 1 


the  present  cathedral,  the  largest  and  most  imposing  reli- 
gious edifice  in  Rhode  Island. 

Fr.  James  Fitton  succeeded  Fr.  Curry  and  he  caused 
windows  to  be  placed  in  the  east  and  west  sides  of  SS.  Peter 
and  Paul’s.  He  also  established  the  first  Catholic  schools. 

The  diocese  of  Hartford  was  formed  in  1843.  It  in- 
cluded Rhode  Island  and  Connecticut.  This  state  then 
had  5180  Catholics,  three  priests  and  four  churches.  Rev. 
William  Tyler  was  the  first  bishop  and  he  chose  SS.  Peter 
and  Paul’s  as  his  cathedral.  He  was  consecrated  March 
17,  1844. 

Bishop  Tyler  was  a great  worker.  He  was  a native  of 
Vermont,  born  of  Protestant  parents,  but  at  18  he  became 
a Catholic.  He  was  ordained  a priest  under  Bishop  Fen- 
wick of  Boston. 

Bishop  Tyler  died  in  June,  1849,  after  falling  sick  at 
the  council  in  Baltimore.  His  remains  were  buried  under 
the  cathedral. 

Rev.  Bernard  O’Reilley  became  the  second  bishop  of  the 
diocese,  Nov.  10,  1850.  He  was  lost  at  sea  on  the  steamer 
Pacific  in  1856  with  many  other  passengers. 

Bishop  Patrick  Francis  McFarland  was  the  third  head 
of  the  diocese.  He  dedicated  in  this  city  St.  John’s,  St. 
Michael’s,  St.  Mary’s  and  the  Assumption  churches. 

Providence  was  made  a separate  See  in  1872,  and  Bishop 
Thomas  F.  Hendricken  was  consecrated  first  bishop  of  the 
Providence  diocese  April  28,  1872. 

Bishop  Hendricken  started  the  present  cathedral  on  the 
site  of  the  first  one.  At  the  final  service  in  the  old  cathe- 
dral portions  of  the  ceiling  fell  upon  the  assembled  con- 
gregation, causing  something  of  a panic.  This  occurred 
May  3,  1878.  In  June,  1886,  Bishop  Hendricken  esti- 
mated there  were  50,000  Catholics  in  Rhode  Island.  Bishop 
Hendricken  died  June  11,  1886,  and  Bishop  Matthew  Har- 


212  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


kins,  the  present  head  of  the  diocese,  was  appointed  from 
Boston. 

Like  Bishop  Hendricken,  Bishop  Harkins  has  ever 
worked  energetically  to  increase  the  religious  and  the  edu- 
cational facilities  of  his  flock,  and  thus  each  of  them 
founded  charities,  parochial  schools  and  churches  in  vari- 
ous parts  of  the  state.  It  remained  for  Bishop  Harkins 
to  build  up  the  church  to  such  a degree  that  it  finally  had 
to  be  divided  and  the  Fall  River  diocese  was  created  with 
Bishop  Stang,  long  a priest  here,  as  the  first  bishop  of  the 
new  See. 


HARTFORD  DIOCESE. 

The  Hartford  diocese  of  the  Roman  Catholic  Church 
embraces  the  whole  of  Connecticut  and  the  one  town  of 
Westerly  in  Rhode  Island.  It  is  most  prosperous  in  all 
that  pertains  to  spirituality  and  advancement  in  all  lines 
of  church  work.  Never  was  the  spirit  of  fraternity  more 
plainly  demonstrated  in  regard  to  fraternity  with  other 
denominations  than  at  the  recent  funeral  of  Bishop  Tier- 
ney, when  the  pastors  and  rectors  of  a dozen  or  more  Prot- 
estant churches  attended  the  services  in  St.  Joseph’s  ca- 
thedral and  were  assigned  to  seats  for  honored  guests,  and 
in  the  procession  to  the  crypt  were  in  line  behind  the 
church  mourners. 

The  beginning  of  Catholicism  in  Hartford  was  in  1781, 
when  mass  was  celebrated  by  Abbe  Robin,  the  chaplain  who 
accompanied  the  French  auxiliaries  under  Count  de  Ro- 
chambeau  in  their  march  across  Connecticut  from  Provi- 
dence to  Phillipsbourg.  There  were  few  Catholics  pres- 
ent outside  the  soldiers  of  the  army. 

A feeling  of  fraternity  prevailed  in  Hartford  from  the 
earliest  days  as  is  shown  by  the  following,  taken  from 


RT.  REV.  THOMAS  D.  BEAVEX,  D.D. 
BISHOP  OF  SPRINGFIELD 


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CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  213 


Catholic  history  of  Hartford:  In  1813  Rev.  Dr.  Matignon, 
a French  ecclesiastical  refugee,  was  stationed  at  the  Roman 
Catholic  church  in  Boston,  and  having  occasion  to  make 
the  journey  to  New  York,  passed  through  Hartford. 
Reaching  the  town  Saturday  night  he  was  obliged  to  re- 
main until  Monday  morning.  The  Puritan  strictness  that 
prohibited  travel  on  the  Lord’s  day  did  not  prohibit  the 
courtesy  of  inviting  strangers  to  occupy  the  local  pulpits. 
Dr.  Strong,  pastor  of  the  First  Church  of  Christ,  founded 
by  Rev.  Thomas  Hooker  immediately  after  his  arrival 
from  the  Massachusetts  colony,  extended  the  hospitalities 
of  his  church  and  pulpit  to  the  priest,  and  tradition  says 
that  Dr.  Matignon  preached  on  a Sunday  evening. 

Rt.  Rev.  Michael  Tierney,  died  Oct.  5,  1908. 


SPRINGFIELD  DIOCESE. 

In  the  early  days  of  the  Catholic  church  prior  to  the 
formation  of  the  Springfield  diocese  the  bishop  of  Boston 
radiated  to  all  points  of  the  compass  on  his  ministering 
tours,  journeying  even  to  remote  parts  of  western  Massa- 
chusetts in  a lumbering  stage  coach.  The  trips  covered 
several  days  and  were  frequently  characterized  by  hard- 
ship and  privation. 

In  1806  Fr.  John  Cheverus,  who  later  became  the  first 
bishop  of  Boston,  went  by  stage  to  Northampton  to  pre- 
pare two  men  for  death.  They  were  Dominick  Daly  and 
James  Halligan,  who  were  accused  of  murder  and  died  on 
the  gallows.  The  innocence  of  the  men  was  proved  25 
years  later  by  the  confession  of  a certain  native  of  the 
Meadow  town,  who  admitted  on  his  death  bed  that  he  was 
the  guilty  man. 

Mass  was  said  for  the  first  time  in  Springfield  in  1830, 
the  services  being  held  in  the  home  of  John  SulKvan  on 


214  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


lower  Hancock  Street  in  an  old-fashioned  house  on  what 
was  a winding  lane  leading  to  Mill  River. 

The  congregation  numbered  twelve  persons  and  Fr. 
James  Fitton,  who  stopped  in  town  while  on  his  way  from 
Hartford  to  Worcester,  was  the  celebrant.  In  1846  Rev. 
George  T.  Riordan  was  appointed  the  first  pastor  of 
Springfield,  and  the  church  of  the  First  Baptist  society 
of  Springfield  was  purchased  by  the  Catholics  for  $3,500 
and  moved  to  a new  site  on  Union  Street  in  that  city.  This 
church  was  dedicated  in  1847  by  Bishop  Fitzpatrick. 
Among  the  priests  attending  this  dedication  was  Arch- 
bishop John  J.  Williams  of  Boston,  then  a priest.  This 
church  was  known  as  St.  Benedict’s  and  was  used  up  to 
the  dedication  of  St.  Michael’s  in  1861. 

Fr.  James  Fitton  was  the  builder  of  the  first  church 
within  the  lines  now  marking  the  diocese  of  Springfield. 
This  was  erected  in  1835  at  Worcester  and  was  called 
Christ  Church. 

The  building  was  of  wood,  the  dimensions  being  62  by 
32  feet.  Over  the  altar  was  a rude  covering  formed  by 
rough  boards  which  were  used  as  a temporary  shelter.  The 
rest  of  the  place  was  absolutely  unprotected  until  the 
walls  were  raised  and  the  building  roofed.  In  two  years 
from  the  beginning  it  was  completed  and  paid  for  by  the 
Irish  laborers  employed  on  the  railroad. 

Fr.  John  J.  McCoy,  who  is  an  authority  on  the  history 
of  the  Springfield  diocese,  says  that  he  has  talked  with  peo- 
ple who  assisted  at  the  first  mass  in  Christ  Church.  This 
was  made  memorable  by  a relentless  but  picturesque  thun- 
derstorm which  burst  over  the  people  at  the  elevation  of  the 
host.  Three  members  of  the  parish  who  saw  the  approach- 
ing tempest  ran  for  umbrellas  and  when  it  broke  they  held 
them  over  the  altar  and  the  head  of  Fr.  Fitton,  moving 
with  him  as  he  finished  the  celebration  of  the  mass.  Al- 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  215 


though  every  one  was  drenched  to  the  skin  the  religious  en- 
thusiasm was  such  that  not  a soul  stirred.  Fr.  McCoy  says: 

“In  1836  Fr.  Fitton  made  his  home  at  Worcester  and 
thus  we  have  the  first  church  and  the  first  settled  pastor 
within  the  confines  of  the  Springfield  diocese. 

“The  diocese  of  Springfield,  embracing  the  counties  of 
Worcester,  Hampden,  Berkshire  and  Franklin,  was  set  oflp 
from  Boston  in  1870  and  Rev.  Patrick  Thomas  O’Reilly, 
pastor  of  St.  John’s  church,  Worcester,  was  appointed  its 
first  bishop.  He  was  consecrated  Sept.  25,  1870,  by  Arch- 
bishop McCloskey  at  Springfield.  There  were  then  38 
parish  churches,  43  priests,  60  parochial  schools,  12  sis- 
ters, one  college  and  one  orphanage. 

“At  the  time  of  his  consecration  Bishop  O’Reilly  was 
37  years  old,  and  the  youngest  bishop  in  the  country. 
When  he  became  a bishop  he  had  above  all  other  qualities 
knowledge  of  the  work  to  be  done  by  his  priests. 

“The  bishop  had  a large  capacity  for  work.  In  the 
21  years  of  his  episcopate  he  confirmed  the  remarkable 
number  of  77,000  persons,  ordained  many  priests,  laid 
nearly  100  corner  stones  in  churches,  chapels  and  schools, 
dedicated  45  temples  to  God  and  opened  the  doors  of  hos- 
pitals and  orphanages  to  the  sick  and  poor. 

“On  the  death  of  Bishop  O’Reilly  Fr.  Thomas  D. 
Beaven,  pastor  of  the  Church  of  the  Holy  Rosary  at  Hol- 
yoke, was  consecrated  his  successor.” 

Under  his  administration,  houses  of  education  have 
sprung  up  like  St.  Joseph’s  Academy  at  Pittsfield  and 
Our  Lady  of  the  Elms  at  Chicopee,  in  charge  of  the  Sisters 
of  St.  Joseph,  and  the  mother  house  and  normal  training 
school  for  the  same  sisters  at  Springfield. 

The  greatest  institution  of  learning  in  the  diocese.  Holy 
Cross  College,  was  founded  in  the  little  seminary  of  St. 
James,  built  by  Fr.  Fitton  in  1840.  This  small,  two-story 
building  and  sixty  acres  of  land  adjoining  were  presented 


2i6 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


by  Fr.  Fitton  in  1842  to  Rt.  Rev.  Joseph  Benedict  Fen- 
wick, second  bishop  of  Boston.  The  bishop  called  the 
fathers  of  the  Society  of  Jesus  to  take  charge  of  it  in  1843. 


PORTLAND  DIOCESE. 

The  first  attempt  to  establish  a colony  in  what  is  now 
the  state  of  Maine  was  made  by  the  French  in  1604,  and 
the  first  mass  was  celebrated  by  Rev.  Nicholas  Aubry,  who 
died  the  following  spring.  A second  attempt  was  made  in 
1611,  and  mass  was  celebrated  by  Fr.  Masse.  In  1613  a 
settlement  was  made  on  Mt.  Desert  Island,  but  was  sup- 
pressed by  Capt.  Samuel  Argali  of  Virginia.  In  the  words 
of  Bancroft:  “France  and  the  Roman  religion  had  ap- 
propriated the  soil  of  Maine.” 

An  attempt  to  found  a new  mission  in  Maine  was  made 
in  1619,  and  repeated  visits  were  made  by  Catholic  priests 
to  what  is  now  the  coast  of  Maine,  and  in  1648  the  corner- 
stone of  a Catholic  chapel  was  laid  at  what  is  now  Castine, 
and  was  called  Our  Lady  of  Holy  Hope. 

In  1650  Rev.  Gabriel  Druillettes  was  empowered  by  the 
French  authorities  in  Canada  to  confer  with  the  New  Eng- 
land colonies  and  to  arrange  if  possible  for  a union  against 
the  Iroquois.  He  had  previously  labored  among  the  In- 
dians on  the  Kennebec,  and  twice  visited  Boston,  and  met 
the  celebrated  Rev.  John  Eliot,  the  great  missionary  to  the 
Indians.  In  1688  a permanent  settlement  was  made  at 
Castine. 

In  1704-5  two  expeditions  from  Massachusetts,  one 
commanded  by  Col.  Hilton  and  the  other  by  Maj.  Church, 
reached  the  village  and  burned  the  church,  but  it  was  soon 
rebuilt.  In  1722  Col.  Westbrook  burned  the  church  a sec- 
ond time.  The  troops  tried  to  find  Fr.  Rasle,  then  sta- 


RT.  REV.  LOUIS  S.  WALSH,  D.D. 
BISHOP  OF  PORTLAND 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  217 


tioned  there,  but  he  had  fled  to  the  woods.  They  once  came 
within  eight  paces  of  a tree  behind  which  he  was  concealed. 
Another  expedition  was  more  successful  and  on  Aug.  2S, 
1724,  the  missionary  was  shot  and  fell  dead  at  the  foot  of 
a large  cross  which  he  had,  according  to  tradition,  erected 
in  the  middle  of  the  village. 

In  1730  another  chapel  was  built  on  the  Kennebec,  but 
the  seven  years’  war,  from  1756  to  1763,  was  a time  of 
trouble  for  the  missionaries,  and  the  church  was  burned 
and  many  of  the  Indians  were  killed. 

The  diocese  of  Portland,  composing  the  states  of  Maine 
and  New  Hampshire,  was  formed  in  1854,  and  Rev.  Dr. 
David  William  Bacon  became  the  first  bishop.  It  was  at 
a time  of  great  excitement.  Rev.  John  Bapst  being  tarred 
and  feathered  by  a mob  at  Ellsworth.  Bishop  Bacon  was 
consecrated  in  New  York  and  was  installed  May  31,  1855, 
in  Portland,  and  Fr.  Bapst  celebrated  mass. 

Bishop  Bacon  died  in  New  York,  Sept.  5,  1874,  and 
was  succeeded  by  Bishop  Healy  in  1875,  who  remained  in 
active  charge  of  the  united  diocese  of  Maine  and  New 
Hampshire,  laboring  with  untiring  activity  until  the  di- 
vision of  the  diocese  in  1884,  when  New  Hampshire  became 
a separate  diocese. 

Bishop  Healy  died  soon  after  celebrating  the  25th  anni- 
versary of  his  consecration,  and  was  succeeded  by  Bishop 
William  H.  O’Connell,  who  remained  in  charge  of  this 
diocese  until  he  was  made  coadjutor  to  Archbishop  Wil- 
liams of  Boston. 

The  present  bishop,  Rt.  Rev.  Louis  S.  Walsh,  D.D.,  has 
already  undertaken  works  of  lasting  importance,  includ- 
ing the  new  convent  for  the  Sisters  of  Mercy  in  the  Deer- 
ing  district. 

In  the  diocese  of  Portland  there  are  one  bishop,  102  sec- 
ular priests,  21  priests  of  religious  orders,  62  churches 


2i8  centenary  of  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


with  resident  priests,  51  missions  with  churches,  a total  of 
113,  67  stations,  36  chapels,  six  brothers,  490  religious 
women,  19  students,  one  college,  seven  academies,  26  par- 
ishes with  parochial  schools,  three  schools  for  Indians,  five 
orphan  asylums,  three  orphanage  schools,  three  hospitals, 
one  home  for  aged  women  and  a Catholic  population  of 
123,547. 


MANCHESTER,  N.  H.,  DIOCESE. 

The  history  of  Catholicity  in  New  Hampshire  shows  a 
period  of  remarkable  growth  during  the  last  half  century. 
Immigrants,  mainly  of  French  and  Irish  origin,  went  there 
notwithstanding  the  fact  that  the  penal  laws  of  the  state 
made  New  Hampshire  no  inviting  field  for  Catholicity. 

The  first  Catholic  place  of  worship  in  Manchester  was 
in  Granite  Hall  on  Elm  Street.  Fr.  Daly,  a missionary 
famous  in  his  time,  visited  the  city  regularly  for  several 
years  and  said  mass  in  the  hall.  In  June,  1848,  there  were 
500  Catholics  in  the  city,  and  Bishop  Fitzpatrick  sent  Fr. 
McDonald  to  Manchester  to  found  a parish.  The  name 
of  Fr.  McDonald  is  revered  wherever  his  virtues  and  his 
noble  self-sacrifice  are  known.  Linked  with  his  name  is 
that  of  Thomas  Corcoran,  the  first  teacher  of  the  parochial 
school  for  boys  in  this  city. 

Fr.  McDonald  began  the  erection  of  a church  which 
later  had  to  be  taken  down  as  it  was  discovered  to  be  un- 
safe, and  the  present  St.  Anne’s  church  replaced  it.  This 
edifice  suffered  damage  from  the  Know-Nothing  riots  of 
1854.  When  Archbishop  Hughes  consecrated  Rev.  David 
W.  Bacon,  pastor  of  the  Church  of  the  Assumption  of 
New  York,  as  bishop  of  the  Portland  diocese,  Manchester 
came  under  the  jurisdiction  of  that  See. 


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4r  * *■  ■ ^ 'vSl 


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CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  219 


But  while  Manchester  made  the  most  rapid  strides  in 
growth  it  was  not  the  place  of  first  Catholic  worship,  for 
Cathohcism  in  the  state  has  a venerable  antiquity.  The 
first  mass  in  the  state  was  said  at  “Oyster  River,”  since 
called  Durham,  on  July  18,  1694.  It  was  at  the  time  of 
the  King  William  War,  and  on  the  evening  before  the  In- 
dians had  made  an  attack  on  the  settlement.  Amid  the 
scenes  of  bloodshed  and  strife  mass  was  offered  by  Fr. 
Thury  and  Fr.  Sebastian  Rasle. 

The  first  Catholic  church  in  the  state  was  erected  at 
Claremont  about  the  year  1825.  It  had  a parish  of  150 
Catholics,  who  were  scattered  in  a district  of  15  miles.  Its 
pastor  was  Rev.  Virgil  Barber,  a convert.  Mention  is  made 
by  the  chroniclers  of  a visit  of  Bishop  Fenwick  of  Boston 
to  this  church  in  a stage  coach,  in  which  he  confirmed  them 
in  their  faith.  On  his  homeward  journey  the  coach  was 
overturned  and  the  bishop  was  obliged  to  travel  all  day  in 
the  clothes  which  were  rent  by  the  fall. 

A church  was  erected  at  Dover  two  years  later  and  on 
Sept.  26,  1830,  the  church  was  dedicated  by  Bishop  Fen- 
wick. There  is  no  record  of  the  church  at  Claremont  hav- 
ing been  dedicated,  and  it  is  reasonable  to  suppose  that  St. 
Aloysius’  church  was  the  first  in  the  state  to  be  consecrated. 

In  1884 — when  Leo  XIII  created  the  new  See  of  Man- 
chester, and  made  Rev.  Denis  M.  Bradley,  who  had  been 
for  four  years  pastor  of  St.  Joseph’s  church,  its  first 
bishop,  the  church  was  raised  to  the  dignity  of  a cathedral. 

Catholicism  began  to  take  a strong  hold  in  all  parts  of 
the  state  under  the  wise  administration  of  Bishop  Bradley. 
Fifteen  years  after  his  elevation  the  45,000  Catholics  had 
increased  to  100,000.  Bishop  Bradley  proved  to  be  a 
wise  executive,  and  at  his  death  on  June  11,  1904,  Protes- 
tants and  Catholics  united  to  do  him  honor. 

He  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  John  Bernard  Delaney,  who 


220  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


had  been  his  chancellor.  Fr.  Delaney  was  fitted  both  by 
education  and  training  to  fill  the  office. 

Death  called  away  the  beloved  prelate  in  June,  1906, 
and  Rev.  George  A.  Guertin,  who  had  been  for  years  pas- 
tor of  St.  Anthony’s  church  in  East  Manchester,  was  ap- 
pointed to  the  See. 

The  recent  census  of  the  diocese,  taken  in  the  beginning 
of  the  present  year,  shows  a population  in  the  state  of 
127,613.  There  are  40  parishes,  126  priests  and  69 
churches  with  regular  priests.  The  missions  throughout 
the  state  have  24  churches  and  there  are  also  24  chapels. 
Four  hospitals,  four  homes  for  aged  women,  five  homes  for 
working  girls,  one  night  refuge  for  girls,  one  infant  asy- 
lum and  seven  orphanages,  comprise  the  charitable  insti- 
tutions of  the  Catholics  of  the  state.  There  is  one  college, 
five  high  schools  for  boys,  six  academies  and  37  schools. 

The  city  of  Manchester  alone  has  39,497  Catholics, 
about  40  per  cent,  of  the  Catholic  population  of  the  en- 
tire state,  and  boasts  the  largest  parish,  St.  Marie’s,  which 
has  10,183  parishioners. 


BURLINGTON,  VT.,  DIOCESE. 

The  early  history  of  Catholicism  in  that  territory  now 
embraced  by  the  diocese  of  Burlington  is  replete  with 
stories  of  the  very  beginnings  of  the  church  in  this  coun- 
try. 

To  maintain  the  authority  of  the  king  of  France  the 
viceroy  of  Canada  ordered  the  erection  of  Fort  St.  Ann  at 
Isle  Lamotte  in  the  early  part  of  the  17th  century.  From 
the  annals  of  the  Sulpician  priests  in  Montreal  it  is  learned 
that  the  scurvy  broke  out  among  the  soldiers  of  this  garri- 


THE  LATE  RT.  REV.  JOHN  S.  MICHAUD,  D.I) 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  221 


son  in  1666  and  that  Fr.  DoUier  de  Casson  went  to  minister 
to  their  spiritual  wants.  This  is  the  very  first  occasion  on 
which  the  holy  sacrifice  of  mass  was  ever  offered  up  in 
Vermont.  The  chapel  within  the  fort  was  the  first  sacred 
edifice  in  the  state  and  one  of  the  first  in  the  United  States. 
The  ruins  of  the  fort  have  recently  been  unearthed  and  the 
location  of  the  chapel  discovered  through  the  efforts  of 
Rev.  Joseph  Kerlidou,  recently  deceased. 

In  1667  a mission  was  preached  by  three  Jesuit  fathers 
who  proceeded  thence  down  the  lake  to  Guadavangue,  in 
New  York  state,  the  scene  of  Fr.  Jogue’s  martyrdom. 

Up  to  this  time  there  was  no  diocese  in  all  North  Amer- 
ica. Mgr.  Laval,  who  in  1674  became  first  bishop  of  Que- 
bec, made  his  first  visit  into  the  United  States  as  vicar 
apostiloc  in  1668,  when  he  probably  administered  confir- 
mation and  said  mass  at  Fort  St.  Ann.  Thus  Vermont 
claims  the  honor  of  the  first  episcopal  visitation  and  func- 
tions in  New  England  and  possibly  in  the  United  States. 

The  first  American  prelate  to  set  foot  on  Vermont  soil 
was  Rt.  Rev.  Benedict  J.  Fenwick,  second  bishop  of  Bos- 
ton, who,  in  June,  1826,  made  a trip  to  Windsor  and 
ascended  Ascutney  Mountain  to  ascertain  if  the  project 
of  Rev.  Virgil  Barber  of  Claremont,  N.  H.,  to  erect  thereon 
a girls’  college  was  feasible.  The  record  has  it  that  the 
bishop  “ascended  the  mountain  amid  many  hardships  and 
copious  perspiration.”  He  decided  that  the  plan  was  not 
practicable,  and  returned  to  Boston,  making  the  trip  both 
ways,  it  is  said,  by  stage  coach. 

The  first  resident  priest  in  the  state  was  Rev.  Jeremiah 
O’Callaghan,  who  came  to  this  country  from  Cork,  Ire. 
In  1830  he  was  sent  to  Vermont  by  Bishop  Fenwick  with 
instructions  to  “visit  successively  Wallingford,  Pittsford, 
Vergennes  and  Burlington  with  such  other  places  in  their 
neighborhood  as  may  have  Catholics  abiding  in  them.”  He 


222  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


settled  in  Burlington  and  his  field  of  labor  extended  from 
Rutland  to  the  Canadian  line  and  from  Lake  Champlain  to 
the  Connecticut  River.  Rt.  Rev.  J.  S.  Michaud,  the  recent 
bishop  of  Burlington,  was  baptized  by  him  in  1848. 

The  introduction  of  railroads  greatly  increased  the  pop- 
ulation of  the  state,  and  at  a meeting  of  the  bishops  of  the 
province  of  New  York  in  1852  it  was  decided  to  ask  the 
Holy  See  to  erect  Vermont  into  a diocese  with  Burlington 
as  the  titular  city.  Bishop  Fitzpatrick  of  Boston  pro- 
posed for  bishop  of  Burlington  Very  Rev.  Louis  de  Goes- 
briand.  Vicar  General  of  Cleveland,  O.  Fr.  De  Goesbriand 
was  preconized  July  29,  1858,  that  being  the  date  of  the 
erection  of  Burlington  into  a See. 

After  serving  59  years  as  a priest  and  45  years  as  a 
bishop,  weighed  down  with  age  and  infirmities,  he  surren- 
dered the  diocese  to  John  Stephen  Michaud  June  29,  1892. 
After  a few  years  in  retirement  at  St.  Joseph’s  orphanage 
he  died. 

Bishop  Michaud,  who  died  Dec.  22,  1908,  was  a native 
of  Burlington,  born  of  an  Irish  mother  ‘ and  a Canadian 
father.  He  was  acting  as  pastor  of  his  parish  at  Benning- 
ton when  he  received  his  appointment  as  coadjutor. 

The  present  population  of  the  diocese  is  75,958.  Last 
year  the  school  population  was  6096.  There  are  99 
priests,  95  churches,  21  parish  schools  and  two  orphanage 
schools. 


FALL  RIVER  DIOCESE. 

The  Catholic  diocese  of  Fall  River  is  the  most  recently 
organized  of  those  within  the  jurisdiction  of  the  archdio- 
cese of  Boston,  it  having  been  created  on  March  12,  1904. 


RT.  REV.  DANIEL  E.  FEEHAN,  D.D. 
BISHOP  OF  FALL  RIVER 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


223 


It  includes  the  counties  of  Bristol,  Barnstable,  Dukes  and 
Nantucket,  and  was  set  off  from  the  diocese  of  Providence. 
Previous  to  the  creation  of  the  latter  it  was  part  of  the 
Boston  diocese. 

In  the  early  days  the  Catholic  population  of  south- 
eastern Massachusetts  was  meagre  and  scattered.  In  the 
early  20’s  Taunton  was  what  might  be  called  the  frontier 
in  this  section  of  the  state  in-so-far  as  the  settlement  by  peo- 
ple of  that  faith  was  concerned.  It  was  not  until  1822 
that  the  first  Catholic  family  established  a home  in  the 
city  of  Fall  River,  where  in  1829  the  first  mass  was  cele- 
brated in  the  kitchen  of  that  family  with  a handful  of 
their  co-religionists  who  had,  in  the  meantime,  settled  here 
as  worshippers.  The  first  parish  was  organized  in  1834. 

The  records  show  that  a chapel  was  established  in  1820 
in  New  Bedford,  where  there  was  a small  colony  of  Cath- 
olics, made  up  of  men  engaged  in  the  whahng  industry 
and  their  families.  Later  New  Bedford  was  made  a mis- 
sion of  the  Fall  River  parish,  and  remained  such  for  several 
years. 

With  the  extensive  development  of  the  manufacturing 
industries  and  the  great  influx  of  immigrants  from  Ire- 
land in  the  decade  preceding  the  Civil  War  and  in  the  years 
immediately  following  it,  the  Catholic  population  in  this 
portion  of  Massachusetts  increased  rapidly  and  it  was 
found  desirable  to  detach  a portion  of  it  from  the  Boston 
diocese  and  annex  it  to  the  newly  created  diocese  of  Provi- 
dence. So  rapid  was  the  growth  of  the  church  in  the  Mas- 
sachusetts section  of  the  diocese  thereafter,  and  so  onerous 
had  become  the  burden  and  responsibihties  of  Bishop  Har- 
kins that  on  his  recommendation  the  present  diocese  of 
Fall  River  was  created  in  1904. 

The  first  bishop  was  Rt.  Rev.  William  Stang,  at  that 
time  pastor  of  St.  Edward’s  church  at  Providence.  He 


224  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


was  consecrated  bishop  May  1,  1904?,  but  less  than  three 
years  later  was  stricken  with  an  illness  which  resulted  in 
his  death  on  Feb.  2,  1907.  On  July  2 of  the  same  year 
the  present  head  of  the  diocese,  Rt.  Rev.  Daniel  F.  Feehan, 
then  pastor  of  St.  Bernard’s  church  at  Fitchburg,  was  ap- 
pointed his  successor  and  consecrated  in  September,  1907. 

The  Catholic  population  of  the  diocese  at  the  time  of 
the  last  church  census  was  151,000  souls. 


i 


SOUVENIR  MEDAL  WORN»BY  HUNDREDS  OF  THOUSANDS 
OF  BOSTON  CATHOLICS  DURING  THE 
CENTENARY  CELEBRATION 


1 


, . "*  >1 


or  Pope  pjtps,  x ^ 
JTMD  THE  rjUE  p-jRtLBTSA 
JftHO  HHUE  ^oyEWHED  THE 
■ KTHOEIC  DIOCSSE  OT^O-iTCTi 


AN  INTERESTING  SOUVENIR  OF  THE  CELEBRATION  DESIGNED  BY  A.  P.  NARDINI 


The  Boston  Pilot  Now  Owned  by  the 

Archdiocese. 


One  of  the  most  interesting  events  in  connection  with 
the  celebration  of  the  centenary  was  the  announcement 
made  by  Archbishop  O’Connell,  in  the  Boston  Pilot,  Oct. 
31.  The  announcement  is  as  follows: 

TO  THE  PUBLIC. 

It  gives  me  the  greatest  satisfaction  to  announce  that 
the  Archdiocese  now  publishes  and  controls  a paper  of  its 
own.  The  Pilot,  successor  of  The  Jesuit,  founded  by 
Bishop  Fenwick,  is  now  the  official  organ  of  the  Diocese  of 
Boston,  representing  its  interests,  chronicling  its  events 
and  publishing  its  official  acts. 

The  need  of  such  an  organ,  reliable  in  its  official  infor- 
mation, definitely  responsible  in  its  management,  capable 
and  efficient  in  its  representation,  has  been  keenly  felt. 

No  need  to  specify  that  this  paper  will  be  neither  in- 
fallible nor  faultless;  but  it  will,  we  feel  assured,  be  truly 
and  loyally  Catholic  in  spirit  and  in  tone,  and  truly  and 
loyally  American  in  civil  allegiance — two  characteristics 
requisite  for  a Catholic  paper  intended  for  those  Catholics 
who  are  also  American  citizens. 

In  its  pages  we  trust  that  every  child  of  the  Church  will 
find  edification  and  instruction,  and  that  the  general  public 
will  find  there  useful  information. 

The  Catholic  citizen  is  found  in  every  avocation.  The 
public  official,  the  lawyer,  the  doctor,  the  merchant,  the 

226 


226  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


laborer,  all  have  need  to  know  what  is  the  Catholic  view- 
point in  all  great  moral  questions,  in  the  social  order  and 
in  his  local  environment.  The  short  sermon  on  Sunday 
is  all  too  brief  to  permit  of  detailed  argument  and  lengthy 
apphcation.  Besides,  the  good  old  custom  of  the  family 
pew  at  the  High  Mass  is  unhappily  apparently  passing. 

Unless  we  be  willing  to  sit  by  inactive  and  indifferent 
spectators  while  the  Faith  is  threatened  with  weakness 
from  a thousand  influences  about  us,  we  must  bestir  our- 
selves and  do  something  more  than  praising  the  past, 
which,  however,  good  and  excellent  it  was,  is  past ; and 
which  after  all  was  the  achievement  not  of  ourselves,  but 
of  our  fathers  and  mothers. 

I appeal  to  every  head  of  a Catholic  family  in  this  dio- 
cese to  see  to  it  that  The  Pilot  is  welcomed  into  his  home, 
to  be  there  a reliable  and  potent  force  in  maintaining  the 
sacred  influences  of  the  Faith.  The  Pilot  makes  its  ad- 
vent modestly  and  without  boast.  Under  diocesan  control, 
however,  it  will  be  no  uncertain  voice,  and  no  unsteady 
force  for  Catholic  life  and  action.  It  hopes  by  support 
and  experience  to  grow  in  usefulness  and  authority,  so  that 
the  great  principles  of  the  spiritual  life  of  the  Church  and 
the  foundations  of  good  government  may  become  better 
known  and  more  strongly  safeguarded. 

Whoever,  therefore,  in  the  smallest  way  assists  The 
Pilot  to  this  end  is  doing  a work  for  God,  for  home  and 
for  country. 

W.  H.  O’CONNELL, 

Archbishop  of  Boston. 


St.  Augustine’s 


Chapel. 


The  Oldest  Catholic  Edifice  in  the  City. — Mass  is 
Celebrated  There  Once  a Month. 

The  oldest  Catholic  edifice  now  standing  in  the  archdio- 
cese of  Boston  is  St.  Augustine’s  chapel  in  the  cemetery  on 
Dorchester  street,  South  Boston. 

In  1818,  after  the  death  of  Er.  Matignon,  Bishop  Chev- 
erus  bought  the  land  now  constituting  St.  Augustine’s 
cemetery  and  erected  on  it  a small  brick  building  which  was 
first  used  as  a mortuary  chapel,  and  in  1838  consecrated  as 
a church  by  Bishop  Fenwick. 

It  was  subsequently  altered  and  somewhat  enlarged,  but 
it  presents  today  the  same  general  appearance  which  it  had 
at  first. 

Before  1818  there  was  no  Catholic  burying  ground  in 
Boston.  The  money  for  the  land  and  the  chapel  was  raised 
by  Fr.  Lariscy,  an  Augustinian  friar  and  in  his  honor 
Bishop  Cheverus  named  the  cemetery.  The  chapel  was  a 
regular  place  of  worship  until  the  dedication  of  St.  Augus- 
tine’s church  in  1874. 

On  the  first  Monday  of  each  month,  however,  a mass  of 
requiem  is  still  celebrated  at  the  old  altar  in  the  chapel  for 
the  repose  of  the  dead  who  are  buried  in  the  vaults  and  in 
the  cemetery,  which,  through  the  efforts  of  the  St.  Augus- 
tine’s Cemetery  Improvement  Association,  is  kept  in  excel- 
lent condition. 

Outside  the  chancel  rail,  in  separate  vaults  along  the 
sides  of  the  chapel,  are  interred  the  bodies  of  priests,  many 
of  whom  were  prominently  identified  with  the  early  history 

227 


228  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


of  the  diocese.  Their  names,  with  year  of  death  or  inter- 
ment, are  as  follows: — 

Revs.  F.  A.  Matignon  1819,  Hilary  Tucker  1872,  John 
W.  Donohue  1873,  John  B.  Purcell  1873,  E.  F.  Gerbi  1873, 
G.  A.  Hamilton  1874,  Bernard  O’Reilly  1875,  Stanislaus 
Butex  1875,  A.  S.  Healy  (brother  of  Bishop  Healy)  1875, 
N.  J.  O’Brien  1876,  Michael  Lane  1878,  J.  T.  Dennehy 
1878,  A.  I.  Conterno  1881,  J.  B.  F.  Boland  1882,  William 
Walsh  1883,  B.  O’Donnell  1884,  John  Wall  1886,  W.  A. 
Blenkinsop  1892,  Leo  P.  Boland  1892,  D.  J.  O’Donovan 
1892,  Michael  Moran  1894,  E.  E.  Clexton  1897,  J.  J. 
McNulty  1900. 

In  the  cemetery  lie  the  bodies  of  Rev.  Patrick  Byrne,  or- 
dained by  Bishop  Cheverus  in  1820,  first  pastor  of  St. 
Mary’s,  Charlestown,  died  in  1844 ; Rev.  Thomas  J.  O’Fla- 
herty, brilliant  scholar  and  orator,  famous  for  his  contro- 
versy with  Rev.  Lyman  Beecher  in  1831 ; Rev.  Thomas 
Lynch,  said  to  have  been  first  pastor  of  the  chapel  (al- 
though some  authorities  give  Rev.  Fr.  Drummond  as  the 
first  pastor),  and  later  the  builder  of  St.  Patrick’s  church, 
Northampton  street;  the  parents  and  the  sister  of  Bishop 
Fitzpatrick ; the  parents  of  Archbishop  Williams ; Robert 
Magner,  one  of  the  original  parishioners  of  the  Franklin 
street  church,  and  Patrick  Donahue,  with  several  of  his 
relatives. 

Thomas  Murray,  whose  descendants  are  still  living  in 
South  Boston,  was  the  first  sexton  of  St.  Augustine’s 
chapel.  He  was  an  intimate  friend  of  Fr.  Matignon  and 
of  Bishop  Cheverus.  He  moved  to  South  Boston  in  1834, 
and  built  the  house  in  East  Fourth  street  in  which  his 
daughter-in-law  and  his  grandsons  now  live. 

The  chapel  built  of  brick,  is  cruciform  in  shape,  with 
a small  altar  in  the  apse.  There  are  also  a small  choir  gal- 
lery and  two  small  vestries.  Its  slated  roof  and  its  gothic 
windows  give  it  a quaint  and  picturesque  appearance. 


Editorial  Comment. 


THE  CATHOLIC  CENTENARY. 

Catholics  of  New  England  are  looking  back  in  these 
days  through  100  years  of  the  history  of  their  church, 
and  Boston,  the  chief  center  of  its  government  for  many 
years,  is  celebrating  the  centenary  of  the  appointment  of 
its  first  bishop.  Prayers  of  thanksgiving  are  being  offered 
for  the  material  progress  of  the  church  and  its  members, 
and  on  Sunday  next,  at  the  suggestion  of  the  archbishop, 
a public  parade  of  thousands  of  the  male  members  of  the 
church  will  take  place  to  show  to  the  world  that  the  faith 
of  their  fathers  is  still  alive,  and  that  all  classes  are  united 
in  their  allegiance. 

There  is  much  pleasure  and  some  pain  in  the  retro- 
spect of  those  100  years.  When  the  first  bishop  was  ap- 
pointed there  was  but  a handful  of  Catholics  throughout 
New  England,  and  of  these  Boston  had  the  greater  num- 
ber. Poor,  and  living  among  a people  who  for  the  most 
part  were  antagonistic  to  them,  and  whose  minds  had  been 
prejudiced  against  them  through  the  well-meant  teachings 
of  their  forbears,  the  Catholics  were  a people  apart. 

Without  regularly  settled  spiritual  advisers  and  instruc- 
tors, depending  on  the  occasional  visit  of  a missionary 
from  Canada,  these  people  held  up  and  suffered  in  silence, 
sustained  by  the  consciousness  that  one  day  their  neigh- 
bors would  know  them  better  and  acknowledge  their  value 
as  Christians  and  citizens.  With  the  appointment  of  Chev- 
erus  the  dawn  of  that  day  began.  He  found  his  diocese 
poor  in  numbers  and  in  purse,  but  willing;  and  his  gen- 

229 


230  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 

, ■»-  , 

1 . 

tleness  of  birth,  education  and  tact  soon  made  an  opening 
in  the  cloud  that  surrounded  the  Catholic  colony.  Strength- 
ened by  the  presence  of  Cheverus  and  his  faithful  com- 
panion, Matignon,  and  encouraged  by  their  words  and  ex- 
ample, the  little  flock  began  to  manifest  the  courage  that 
had  sustained  them  in  silence  up  to  that  time. 

Backed  by  the  members  of  his  flock,  Cheverus  sought  to 
find  for  them  a place  where  they  might  worship  accord- 
ing to  the  ritual  of  their  church.  It  was  to  be  the  first 
home  of  the  Catholic  soul  in  this  new  country.  The  seed 
planted  on  that  day  has  borne  a wonderful  fruit,  and  the 
lesson  taught  by  the  zealous  missionary  has  been  repeated 
to  the  children  and  grandchildren  of  those  who  were  there 
and  to  the  immigrant  who  came  later.  From  it  have 
sprung  the  charitable  institutions,  the  schools  and  acade- 
mies and  the  churches  that  make  the  architectural  orna- 
ments of  the  great  Catholic  monument. 

Each  of  these  tells  in  its  way  of  the  charity  and  faith- 
fulness of  the  Catholic  laity  from  whose  slender  means 
came  the  offerings  to  build  and  sustain  them,  and  of  the 
zeal  and  energy  of  the  clergy  who  found  time  in  spite  of 
their  multitude  of  spiritual  labors  to  instill  into  the  hearts 
of  their  flocks  the  great  lessons  of  love  for  the  poor  and 
unfortunate,  and  the  necessity  of  a spiritual  teaching  from 
early  childhood  for  real  success  in  life.  This  success  has 
followed,  and  today  instead  of  the  handful  of  distrusted 
Catholics  there  are  thousands,  respected,  trusted,  and  ad- 
mired for  the  ability  they  display  in  the  highest  positions 
in  business  and  profession  and  for  their  fidelity  in  positions 
of  trust. 

The  example  of  the  bishops  and  the  lessons  they  and 
their  clergy  have  taught  have  borne  fruit  a hundredfold, 
and  the  Catholic  layman  and  the  Catholic  clergy  of  Boston 
and  New  England  may  well  look  back  with  admiration  on 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  231 


the  work  of  their  forefathers,  directed  by  the  gentle  Chev- 
erus,  the  equally  charitable  and  zealous  Fenwick,  the  bril- 
liant Fitzpatrick,  and  Williams,  the  pious,  reserved  and 
untiring  worker  whose  virtues  and  zeal  are  so  well  known, 
and  in  whose  administration  the  most  wonderful  growth 
of  church  and  people  took  place. 

His  death  left  the  reins  of  government  in  the  hands  of 
the  present  archbishop,  William  H.  O’Connell,  whose  ex- 
ecutive ability  has  been  tried  and  proved  in  one  of  the  most 
important  institutions  of  the  church  in  Rome,  and  whose 
zeal  and  knowledge  of  the  world  and  its  events  will  aid  him 
in  fostering  and  developing  what  his  predecessors  have 
wrought,  his  hands  strengthened  and  sustained  as  were 
theirs,  by  the  generosity  and  fidelity  of  his  flock. — Boston 
Daily  Globe,  Oct.  SO,  1908. 


THE  ARCHBISHOP’S  NOBLE  MESSAGE. 

The  sermon  delivered  by  His  Grace  the  Most  Reverend 
Archbishop  at  the  opening  function  of  the  Catholic  Cen- 
tenary of  Boston  rose  to  the  full  height  of  the  occasion. 
It  was  marked  by  a nobility  of  thought  and  a comprehen- 
siveness of  exposition  that  laid  bare  with  a master’s  touch 
the  true  significance  of  the  historic  event  which  was  being 
celebrated.  It  breathed  forth  a spirit  of  charity  as  wide 
in  its  scope  and  sympathy  as  the  charity  of  the  Church. 
Public  expectation  in  regard  to  this  historic  pronounce- 
ment has  been  turned  into  admiration  for  the  power  and 
sympathetic  grasp  with  which  the  theme  was  handled. 

It  was  a tracing  back  to  beginnings ; not  to  rest  in  the 
past  but  to  derive  inspiration  and  light  for  the  problems 
of  the  present.  The  juxtaposition  here  of  the  Puritan  and 
the  Catholic,  the  source  of  so  much  bitterness  in  the  past. 


232  CENTENARY  OE  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


was  the  bold  issue  selected  by  the  Archbishop  for  treat- 
ment. It  is  a subject  beset  by  many  difficulties  and  many 
a pitfall  lurks  in  it  for  the  feet  of  the  unwary  explorer; 
but  never,  we  venture  to  say,  since  Puritan  and  Catholic 
have  lived  together,  has  it  been  faced  more  honestly  or  dis- 
cussed more  tactfully  or  with  greater  mutual  benefit  to  each 
than  in  this  discourse,  which  will  make  memorable  for  this 
community  the  celebration  of  the  establishment  of  Boston’s 
Bishopric. 

The  luminous  explanation  of  the  religious  animosities 
of  the  past  with  their  present  remnants,  ought  to  go  a long 
way  in  smoothing  the  path  which  leads  to  a better  mutual 
understanding.  The  old  jealousies  of  former  years  were 
traced  back  to  their  beginning,  and  were  found  to  have  had 
their  birth  in  misconceptions  and  misrepresentations  which 
had  their  origin  in  the  fierce  political  partisanship  which 
formed  the  dominant  element  in  the  religious  changes  of 
the  English  people  in  the  sixteenth  and  seventeenth  cen- 
turies. 

The  folly  of  keeping  up  feuds  which  are  so  baseless  and 
so  detrimental  to  the  common  welfare  was  forcibly  pointed 
out.  They  proved  in  the  past  an  impossible  ideal  upon 
which  to  build  a commonwealth;  and  future  progress  will 
be  commensurate  with  the  gradual  giving  up  of  narrow 
views  and  the  substitution  in  their  place  of  the  broader,  all- 
embracing  charity  practised  by  the  Church  during  her  ca- 
reer in  Boston  of  these  last  hundred  years,  and  still 
preached  by  her  priests,  the  legitimate  inheritors  of  the 
spirit  which  guided  Cheverus,  Fenwick,  Fitzpatrick  and 
Williams  in  the  days  of  persecution  and  trial. 

The  gulf  between  the  Catholic  and  Puritan  has  been  very 
much  narrowed.  It  must  still  be  entirely  bridged  over. 
Catholics  on  their  side  may  best  accomplish  this  beneficent 
work  by  lighting  their  torches  at  the  tombs  of  their  moral 


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FACSIMILE  OF  AUTOGRAPH  LBri'TER  OF  BISHOP  CHEVERUS 


- - ■' 


• - 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  233 


heroes,  who  have  blazed  the  way  before  them  by  giving  an 
example  of  patience  and  forbearance  that  could  only  spring 
from  their  confidence  in  the  ultimate  power  of  the  Catholic 
faith  to  overcome  all  difficulties. 

Were  it  not  for  this  serene  faith  and  their  sublime  exam- 
ple and  exhortations  for  peace,  the  pages  of  New  Eng- 
land’s history  would  have  been  disfigured  with  many  more 
deeds  of  violence  than  they  have  at  present  to  record.  The 
same  spirit  of  indomitable  faith  animates  the  Catholic 
body  of  today  in  the  face  of  new  problems.  The  Church’s 
charity  is  not  bounded  by  racial  lines,  and  she  begins  the 
work  of  tomorrow  among  the  diverse  populations  which 
have  reached  our^  shores  with  an  unfailing  confidence  in 
being  able  to  harmonize  into  real  unity  these  divergent  ele- 
ments. 

This  pronouncement  of  Boston’s  second  archbishop  is  a 
noble  appeal  to  every  class  in  the  community  to  do  its 
share  in  contributing  to  the  common  good  by  mutual  un- 
derstanding and  good-will.  It  is  a message  conceived 
under  the  influence  of  a noble  charity,  and  expressed  in 
elevated  and  luminous  language.  It  is  a bugle  call  from 
the  heights  to  all  who  are  breathing  the  miasma  of  the 
swamps  below  to  come  up  higher  and  stand  upon  the  moun- 
tain, where  the  atmosphere  is  purified  from  all  contagion 
by  the  refreshing  breath  of  Christian  charity. — Boston 
Pilot,  Oct.  22,  1908. 


BOSTON  CATHOLICS  AND  THE  NEW 

CENTURY. 

Elsewhere  in  this  issue.  The  Republic  summarizes  anew 
the  history  of  the  Catholics’  early  trials  and  eventual  tri- 
umphs in  Boston.  It  devotes  a special  article  to  the  work 


234  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


of  a distinctly  American  Catholic  generation,  1883-1908, 
during  which  the  population  of  the  diocese  trebled,  and  its 
institutions,  ecclesiastical,  educational  and  charitable,  al- 
most kept  pace  with  the  numerical  growth. 

Some  may  credit  a vast  amount  of  this  growth  to  im- 
migration. Some  of  it  is  undoubtedly  due  to  this  cause; 
for  we  now  have  nationalities  strongly  represented  in  the 
Church  here  who  were  numerically  insignificant  or  utterly 
unknown  twenty-five  years  ago. 

The  fact,  however,  remains  that  the  Irish-American 
Catholic,  the  descendant  of  the  Catholic  pioneers,  is  still 
tremendously  in  the  lead  numerically,  and  that  the  work  of 
the  passing  generation  is  mainly  the  tangible  results  of  his 
faith  and  piety.  Far  be  it  from  us  to  glory  in  mere  num- 
bers, or  to  take  merely  the  proof  of  our  intellectual  promi- 
nence, our  political  influence,  or  our  material  prosperity  as 
the  test  of  our  value  in  God’s  sight  and  to  the  city  and 
state  of  our  home. 

Archbishop  O’Connell,  in  his  Centenary  sermon  on  the 
opening  day  of  the  celebration  in  the  Boston  Cathedral — 
his  greatest  utterance — struck  the  true  note.  He  dwelt 
on  the  past,  even  on  the  bitter  days  of  persecution,  but  only 
to  find  the  reasons  for  the  dreadful  gulf  which  at  the  out- 
set lay  between  the  Puritan  and  the  Catholic,  and  which, 
though  materially  narrowed,  is  not  yet  bridged. 

The  Archbishop  showed  with  statesmanlike  calmness  and 
precision  that  the  Catholic,  so  hated  of  the  Puritans,  was 
an  imaginary  being,  the  product  of  a variety  of  causes 
into  which  the  sacred  name  of  religion  was  dragged,  but 
which  in  their  sum  total  was  mainly  political.  He  praised 
the  virtues  of  the  Puritans,  their  abiding  faith  in  God  and 
their  wholesome  fear  of  His  judgments,  their  ideals  of 
civil  government  and  their  respect  for  law. 

The  Puritans  have  passed  away ; but  their  work  of  abid- 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  235 


ing  value  remains.  Their  descendants  remain,  a small 
body  as  compared  with  the  hosts  of  Catholics,  nearly  three 
millions  in  the  Province  of  New  England,  from  the  Httle 
group  of  one  hundred  gathered  under  the  gentle  rule  of 
Cheverus  and  Matignon  in  the  beginning  of  the  nineteenth 
century.  The  perils  which  confront  the  Catholics  of  today 
are  far  different  from  those  which  their  fathers  met  and 
overcame.  In  the  swing  of  the  pendulum  from  the  stern 
intolerance  of  the  Puritans,  their  descendants,  we  must 
confess,  have  lapsed  largely  into  rationalism  and  religious 
indifference.  They  are  few  in  numbers  relatively,  but,  let 
us  add,  they  still  hold  the  wealth  of  Boston  and  the  section 
and  the  influence  which  wealth  gives.  It  is  easy,  therefore, 
to  understand  the  Archbishop’s  contrast  of  the  Catholics’ 
perils  in  1808  and  1908.  “The  faith  of  the  immigrant 
. . . stood  the  test  of  reviling.  The  faith  of  his  chil- 

dren must  stand  the  test  of  indifference  and  flattery.” 

Again,  another  much  needed  warning  from  the  Arch- 
bishop. The  Puritan  wanted  the  land  for  himself  alone. 
His  charity  was  for  his  own  kind.  But  we,  of  the  predomi- 
nant Catholic  element,  let  us  have  no  race  prejudices. 
Where  there  was  hardly  more  than  one  race  in  evidence 
among  the  Catholics  a century  ago,  there  are  now  a dozen. 
“Your  Church  is  Catholic — so  let  your  charity  be.” 

For  the  rest,  drawing  fair  example  from  the  heroes  of 
the  episcopate,  the  priesthood  and  the  laity  who  preceded 
us,  let  us  commend  our  faith  to  our  friends  across  the  nar- 
rowing gulf  by  the  spiritual  heroism  which  they  admire 
even  when  they  understand  it  not,  and  by  those  natural  vir- 
tues practised  from  spiritual  motives  which  they  always 
understand.  So  shall  we  abide  in  peace  together;  so  shall 
the  gulf  be  finally  bridged,  and  the  triumph  of  the  Cross 
unite  us  in  one  common  joy  and  hope. — The  Republic, 
Oct.  81,  1908. 


236  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


The  sermon  of  Archbishop  O’Connell  and  the  address  of 
Gov.  Guild  were  enough  in  themselves  to  make  most  notable 
the  centenary  celebration  of  the  Catholic  diocese  of  Bos- 
ton. The  archbishop  gave  the  occasion  a great  keynote 
in  his  lofty  declaration  of  the  duty  of  broadest  charity  and 
brotherhood.  The  governor’s  fine  tribute  to  the  spirit  of 
the  one  hundred  years’  work  and  that  which  animated  the 
present,  most  strikingly  supplemented  it.  It  is  a great  ex- 
pansion the  century  has  seen,  but  in  the  breadth  of  feeling 
toward  the  next  one  hundred  years  in  common  work  for 
the  building  of  best  citizenship  promises  even  more. — {Bos- 
ton Evening  Record,  October  29,  1908.) 


A NOBLE  UTTERANCE. 

New  England  Protestants  may  not  assent  to  the  diagno- 
sis of  Puritanism’s  present  weakness,  or  the  prediction  of 
Roman  Catholicism’s  domination  of  the  future,  as  pre- 
sented in  Archbishop  O’Connell’s  sermon  yesterday,  but 
they  will  appreciate  fully  the  thoroughly  modern,  irenic 
and  statesmanlike  utterance  of  the  archbishop,  his  unpre- 
cedented admissions  respecting  the  worth  of  Puritanism 
and  the  Puritans,  his  plea  for  bridging  the  chasm  that  has 
divided  Christians,  and  his  insistence  that  the  Catholic 
church  of  to-morrow  must  be  as  broad  racially  in  the  new 
New  England  as  it  is  universal  in  its  mission  and  in  its 
status  in  the  world  at  large. 

The  archbishop’s  sermon,  at  the  celebration  of  the  hun- 
dredth anniversary  of  his  diocese,  was  thoroughly  Chris- 
tian, thoroughly  statesmanlike,  one  of  the  broadest  and 
most  inspiring  utterances  to  which  this  community  has 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  237 


ever  listened.  Much  depended  upon  the  note  struck  in  this 
sermon  opening  the  new  century’s  life.  The  opportunity 
was  rare.  Would  the  new  leader  look  back  or  foward.? 
Would  he  accentuate  differences  or  emphasize  agreements.^ 
Would  he  challenge  the  historic  traditions  of  the  New  Eng- 
land that  was,  or  prescribe  for  the  New  England  that  is 
and  is  to  be.'^ 

The  answer  is  an  utterance,  which  will  be  influential  far 
beyond  the  bounds  of  New  England.  It  will  enhearten  the 
hopes  of  Christian  clergy  of  every  name,  who  are  face  to 
face  with  the  aggressive,  united  evils  of  the  time,  degenera- 
tion in  the  rural  districts,  corruption  and  vice  in  high  places 
and  in  the  city  slums,  clergy  who  realize  the  folly  of  the 
fratricidal  strife  which  Christians  carry  on,  shouting 
ancient  slogans,  in  the  face  of  their  common  and  ever-liv- 
ing foes.  It  will  summon  Yankee  and  Teuton  and  Celt, 
Protestant  and  Roman  Cathohc,  to  the  task  of  shepherding 
the  incoming  races  of  southern  and  southeastern  Europe 
and  western  Asia  now  invading  the  manufacturing  towns 
and  country,  and  the  task  of  making  them  as  loyal  and  in- 
telligent Americans  as  the  descendants  of  the  first  English 
and  Irish  settlers  have  become.  It  will  prepare  all  dispu- 
tants of  the  future,  whether  Protestant  or  Roman  Catholic, 
to  carry  on  their  discussions  with  the  consciousness  that 
they  are  being  watched  as  to  their  purity  of  motive  and 
their  sincerity  of  method;  it  will  hasten  the  day  when  citi- 
zens of  all  faiths  will  recognize  that  both  authority  and 
freedom,  fellowship  and  independence,  oversight  and  self- 
government,  institution  and  individual,  have  their  place  in 
the  ideal  ecclesiastical  polity  and  religious  communion. 

The  archbishop’s  sermon  was  prophetic  of  a drawing  to- 
gether of  conservative  men  of  various  religious  beliefs  and 
experiences,  who  yet  agree  in  loyalty  to  and  defence  of  a 
code  of  ethics  as  to  personal  and  family  life,  and  the  struc- 


238  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


ture  of  society  which  is  now  assailed  and  assailed  more  ag- 
gressively than  at  any  time  in  centuries.  The  ethic  of 
Christianity  is  assailed  today,  both  as  theory  and  as  prac- 
tice, both  as  to  its  possibility  and  its  desirability;  and  this 
being  so,  it  is  folly  to  fight  over  issues  of  the  past,  whether 
of  theology  or  pohty,  ritual  or  race.  Puritan  and  Catholic, 
as  Archbishop  O’Connell  says,  ‘‘have  Hved  on  the  same 
street,  under  the  same  roof,  for  a century,  and  it  is  a high 
time  for  a clear  understanding — not  for  myths  and  fables” 
— on  either  side.  Archbishop  O’Connell  refuses  to  be  in- 
fluenced by  “what  Stuart  courtiers  or  Tudor  flatterers  did 
to  set  brother  against  brother,”  as  he  stands  in  the  presence 
of  the  experience  that  Catholics  like  Cheverus,  Fenwick, 
Fitzpatrick  and  Williams  have  had  with  sons  of  Puritans 
like  Channing,  Shattuck,  Higginson  and  Hoar.  “My  hfe 
is  now  and  here,”  he  says;  and  facing  the  perils  that  come 
when  indifference,  flattery  and  worldly  prosperity  follow 
obloquy  and  poverty,  he  calls  on  his  own  immediate  follow- 
ers to  a breadth  of  sympathy  that  will  rise  above  race  and 
past  antagonisms,  and,  while  “fearing  no  enmity,  create 
none.” 

A sermon  of  this  tenor  and  weight  deserves  widest  circu- 
lation throughout  the  country.  It  marks  a new  era  of  for- 
mal recognition  by  the  Catholic  of  the  sincerity  of  the  Puri- 
tan’s faith  and  the  work  he  did  as  a state-builder  and  as  a 
framer  of  a type  of  civilization  where  Catholicism  has  flour- 
ished as  it  has  not  where  allied  with  the  state.  It  indicates 
that  the  metropolitan  of  the  New  England  Catholics  in- 
tends to  make  it  easy  for  believers  in  the  moral  authority  of 
Christ,  and  the  worth  of  his  example  and  truth,  to  unite 
against  the  neo-paganism  of  the  present  and  the  future. — 
Boston  Herald^  October  29,  1908. 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  239 


THE  CATHOLIC  CENTENNIAL. 


Archbishop  O’Connell  Opens  the  Celebration  with 
AN  Epoch-Making  Sermon. 

The  hundredth  anniversary  of  the  establishment  of  a 
Catholic  diocese  in  Boston  is  an  historical  event  of  national 
importance,  but  aside  from  this,  the  exercises,  which  begun 
yesterday,  would  compel  general  attention  if  only  for  the 
sermon  of  Archbishop  O’Connell,  who,  brushing  aside  the 
immaterial,  went  straight  to  the  heart  of  the  matter  at 
interest. 

The  Metropolitan  of  New  England  Catholics  painted  in 
sober  colors  the  strength  and  weakness  of  the  Puritans, 
their  fervid  faith  and  narrow  limitations,  and  as  temper- 
ately told  the  trials  and  sufferings  of  the  Catholic  few  who 
came  unwelcomed  to  an  alien  land,  and  predicating  a time 
and  a way,  when  the  bigotries  of  race  and  religion  will  be 
reduced  to  the  minimum,  and  the  only  contest  being  how 
the  nation  and  God  could  be  best  served. 

The  celebrations  at  New  York  and  Philadelphia  held  this 
year  produced  no  such  noble  ringing  note  as  this ; the  les- 
son that  whatever  estrangements  have  existed  were  born  of 
ignorance  and  are  being  displaced  by  enlightenment  was 
emphasized,  and  was  coupled  with  the  declaration  that  as 
the  world  grows  in  knowledge  and  true  wisdom  its  people 
can  look  on  the  future  with  hope  and  not  despair. 

The  spirit  animating  the  Puritan  was  that  which  made 
Abraham  ready  to  sacrifice  Isaac  at  the  command  of  God; 
it  brought  from  the  dolorous  Jeremiah  the  prophecies  of  the 
fall  of  Judea;  it  was  the  primitive  and  tribal  spirit  of 
Mosaic  days  which  made  the  good  God  an  avenging  Jeho- 
vah rather  than  a heavenly  father. 


240  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


The  strength  and  weakness  of  humanity,  right  and 
wrong,  freedom  and  slavery,  heroism  and  timidity,  have 
always  acted  and  reacted  on  the  history  of  the  race.  The 
violence  of  the  Athenian  mob  saved  Socrates  from  oblivion ; 
North  and  Castlereagh  gave  Emmet  a martyr’s  crown  and 
his  country  an  imperishable  aspiration;  the  obstinacy  of 
George  the  Third  gave  Washington  to  history  and  a new 
dispensation  of  hope  and  freedom  to  the  world;  slavery  and 
its  arrogance  gave  America  the  immortal  Lincoln ; and  the 
unwisdom  and  intolerances  of  Puritanism  prepared  the 
world  for  their  antitheses,  freedom  of  thought,  speech  and 
religion. 

The  lesson  of  Archbishop  O’Connell’s  sermon  is  that  the 
chasm  of  religious  bigotry  is  growing  narrower,  the  divid- 
ing lines  of  race  are  vanishing.  Jew  and  Christian  worship 
the  same  God  on  this  New  England  soil.  The  flowers  and 
winds  in  season  speak  the  same  lessons  to  their  hearts,  and 
all  are  devoted  to  the  same  inspiring  passions — the  love  of 
God,  on  whom  they  depend  for  guidance  and  support,  and 
the  love  of  country.  The  power  that  directs  the  subtle 
chemistry,  which  plants  the  coal  to  return  to  man  heat, 
light  and  shelter,  and  which  sends  with  such  accuracy  a star 
on  its  flight  that  its  exact  location  a thousand  years  hence 
can  be  determined,  will  not  fail  to  make  great  those  who 
believe  in  Him  and  obey  His  decrees. — Boston  Traveler, 
Oct.  S9,  1908. 


BOSTON  CATHOLIC  CENTENARY. 

The  celebration  of  Boston’s  Catholic  Centenary  will  re- 
main as  the  one  historic  event  in  the  annals  of  the  Church 
at  the  opening  of  the  present  century.  Never  before  in 
the  history  of  the  See  has  there  been  aroused  such  wide- 
spread interest  in  the  work  of  the  Church  and  the  strength- 


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FACSIMILE  OF  AUTOGRAPH  LETTER  OF  BISHOP  FENWICK 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  241 


ening  of  faith  and  deepening  of  zeal  occasioned  by  this 
celebration  will  produce  their  effect  for  many  a year  to 
come. 

Stretching  back  over  a period  of  one  hundred  years 
which  this  celebration  calls  to  mind  what  a marvelous 
growth  is  revealed  to  view.  The  tiny  mustard  seed  planted 
by  the  few  husbandmen  has  indeed  put  forth  its  shoots 
above  the  ground,  and  despite  the  stress  of  storms  which 
beat  upon  them  at  times  with  great  violence  it  has  become 
the  stately  and  majestic  tree.  The  Church,  which  a hun- 
dred years  ago  was  almost  neghgible  quantity  in  the  com- 
munity has  become  a great  centre  of  power  and  influence, 
recognized  as  such  by  men  of  every  rehgious  persuasion. 

The  land  is  covered  with  her  churches  and  institutions, 
and  three  is  scarcely  a community  in  New  England  upon 
which  the  shadow  of  cross-topped  spires  does  not  fall. 
Her  wonderful  fecundity  is  the  most  striking  phenomenon 
of  New  England  hfe  during  the  past  century,  the  fact 
that  is  emphasized  and  brought  out  into  bolder  relief  by 
this  centennial  celebration. 

Her  material  development  has  been  great,  and  the  proof 
of  it  meets  our  eyes  in  every  direction,  but  far  and  above 
her  material  grandeur  is  the  moral  influence  in  the  com- 
munity. She  has  hfted  up  her  people  to  a high  plane. 
She  has  stirred  within  them  their  best  and  noblest  senti- 
ments, and  while  inspiring  and  presiding  over  this  social 
progress  of  her  children  has  kept  them  steadfastly  faith- 
ful to  the  revealed  teaching  of  the  Saviour,  of  which  she 
is  the  custodian  and  interpreter. 

As  a result  of  her  work  the  Cathohc  body  in  New  Eng- 
land today  is  the  most  compact,  coherent  and  numerous 
Church  of  Christian  believers  that  there  is  in  this  once 
Puritan  commonwealth.  They  are  the  great  conservative 
force  in  the  community  standing  together  for  the  conse- 


242  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


crated  beliefs  of  mankind,  as  these  have  been  handed  down 
uninterruptedly  by  generation  after  generation  of  Christ’s 
authentic  teachers.  In  the  face  of  the  fears  and  alarms 
for  the  future  of  Christian  truth  that  trouble  the  souls 
of  so  many  outside  her  communion  they  present  a sohd 
and  unbroken  front  in  defence  of  the  inherited  faiths  of 
Christendom. 

In  this  fact  lies  the  secret  of  the  Church’s  strength  and 
growth  in  this  community.  The  heritage  of  the  Cathohc 
faith  is  and  has  been  for  these  last  hundred  years  held 
by  Cathohcs  at  its  proper  value.  For  them  it  has  always 
been  the  priceless  blessing.  All  things  else  in  comparison 
with  it  rest  on  a lower  grade.  It  is  this  characteristic  of 
the  faith  that  gave  courage  and  perseverance  to  the  early 
pioneers  of  Catholicity  in  New  England,  and  it  is  this 
same  unfailing  quahty  that  inspires  her  leadership  today 
in  the  face  of  the  many  new  and  complex  conditions  of 
our  modern  hfe. 

Catholicity,  which  came  here  to  an  inhospitable  sur- 
rounding, has  proved  her  worth  and  today  stands  forth 
as  the  greatest  conserving  influence  in  this  community  of 
sound  moral  principles  and  economic  standards,  in  which 
alone  lies  the  hope  for  the  future  of  our  democratic  insti- 
tutions. 

The  signal  triumph  of  this  celebration  is  the  fact  that 
Catholicisim  in  New  England  has  been  able  at  this  opening 
out  of  a new  page  in  her  history  to  produce  from  out  its 
own  body  a man  and  leader  who,  with  strong  an  dsure 
mental  grasp  and  with  resolute  will,  and  with  a faith  as 
strong  and  deep  in  the  mission  of  the  Church  here  as  any 
of  her  earl}^  pioneers,  is  the  upholder  of  rehgious,  moral 
and  civic  ideals  which  safeguard  as  never  before  in  the 
history  of  this  community  the  best  interests  of  the  Church 
and  of  the  State.  (Boston  Pilot,  Oct.  31,  1908.) 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  243 
ROMAN  CATHOLICISM  ON  PARADE. 


Sunday’s  great  parade  of  the  laity  of  the  Roman  Cath- 
olic Church  will  convey  to  citizens  generally,  as  only  a long 
procession  can,  some  realization  of  the  significance  of  the 
centenary  of  the  archdiocese  of  Boston.  But  the  impres- 
sive and  varied  services  of  the  week  have  been  no  less  truly 
an  exhibition  of  the  distinctive  qualities  and  far  reaching 
purposes  of  the  Church.  The  splendor  of  ceremonial,  the 
elaborate  insignia  of  office,  the  always  fascinating  emblems 
of  the  inner  mysteries  of  the  faith,  in  fact  all  the  devices 
and  forms  of  appeal  which  the  Roman  Church  knows  so 
well  how  to  employ — that  a Church  beheving  in  minuteness 
of  rituahstic  observances  and  in  the  centrahty  of  the 
priestly  function  has  a right  to  employ — have  been  called 
into  requisition  to  mark  this  milestone.  We  have  had  such 
massing  of  prelates  and  priests,  such  a convening  of  mem- 
bers of  the  various  orders,  as  well  as  of  the  rank  and  the 
file  of  the  priesthood,  as  is  seldom  witnessed  in  an  American 
city.  From  the  solemn  and  churchly  service  in  the  Cathe- 
dral Wednesday  morning  to  the  popular  and  enthusiastic 
assemblage  in  Symphony  Hall,  it  has  all  been  a remark- 
able demonstration  of  the  place  Roman  Catholicism  has 
come  to  hold  in  the  life  of  this  once  Puritan  city.  Protest- 
antism certainly  has  nothing  to  offer  comparable  with  it, 
and  can  have  nothing  under  its  present  conception  of  re- 
ligious truth,  split  as  it  is  into  many  divisions. 

In  all  probablity  something  more  was  designed  by  this 
celebration  than  an  enheartening  of  the  already  faithful. 
That  surely  will  be  one  of  the  results  of  recounting  the  his- 
tory of  the  steadily  advancing  Catholic  cause  in  Boston  and 
New  England,  and  of  calling  attention  anew  to  its  present 
numerical  superiority,  to  the  favor  in  which  it  is  held  by 
high  officials  of  the  city  and  the  State,  and  to  the  appar- 


244  CExNTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


rent  absence  of  anything  like  the  old-time  rancor  and  ani- 
mosity. But  unless  we  misread  the  motives  of  the  Arch- 
bishop and  his  chief  advisers  they  have  been  glad  to  utilize 
this  anniversary  for  the  purpose  of  making  an  impression 
upon  persons  not  now  identified  with  Roman  Catholicism, 
still  somewhat  suspicious  of  its  purposes,  fearful,  maybe, 
that  its  success  and  growth  would  mean  eventually  en- 
croachments upon  dearly-bought  liberties.  To  disarm  and 
win  over  such  was  evidently  one  object  of  the  irenic  and 
masterful  sermon  by  Archbishop  O’Connell.  If  he  went  no 
further  back  in  history  than  suited  his  immediate  purpose; 
if  he  left  altogether  unopened  certain  pages  that  might  per- 
haps explain,  to  some  extent,  why  Roman  Catholics  at  first 
encountered  opposition  in  New  England,  he  certainly  made 
a potent  presentation  of  the  argument  for  toleration  and 
for  the  permanent  removal  of  all  ancient  misunderstand- 
ings. If  the  sermon  represents  the  prevailing  attitude  of 
the  hierarchy  on  both  sides  the  Atlantic  toward  other 
branches  of  the  Church,  we  do  not  see  how  the  time  can 
ever  come  when  the  fires  of  hatred  and  persecution  will  be 
rekindled.  The  one  thing  essential  to  peace  is  the  willing- 
ness and  determination  of  each  branch  to  extend  to  every 
other  the  same  liberty  and  the  same  rights  that  it  claims 
for  itself. 

We  do  not  anticipate,  however,  any  large  accessions  to 
the  Roman  Church  from  hitherto  non-Catholic  sources  as  a 
result  of  this  centennial,  dignified,  impressive  and  inspirit- 
ing though  it  has  been.  The  Church  will  continue  to  grow 
as  it  has  grown,  through  the  careful  shepherding  of  the  ele- 
ments that  naturally  make  up  its  membership.  The  streams 
of  immigration  that  have  isolated  and  weakened  so  many 
Protestant  churches  in  the  great  cities  have  brought  to  the 
doors  of  Roman  Catholic  churches  the  material  for  it  to 
fashion  for  citizenship  and  Christian  living.  And  now  that 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  245 


the  population  of  Massachusetts  itself  is  made  up,  two- 
thirds  of  it  at  least,  of  foreigners  or  the  children  of  for- 
eigners, the  distinctive  field  which  the  Church  occupies  be- 
comes more  clear  than  ever.  Its  chief  mission  will  be  to 
hold,  recover  and  serve  its  own  children  rather  than  to  pros- 
elyte in  fields  and  among  racial  elements  where  it  has  never 
met  with  marked  success.  This  is  not  saying  that  the 
Roman  Catholic  Church  of  the  future  will  not  be  compre- 
hensive, but  simply  that  its  largest  influence  will  be,  as  in 
the  past,  among  those  whose  wills  bow  easily  to  external 
authority,  who  are  impressed  by  the  historic  continuity  of 
the  Church,  its  greatness  as  an  institution  and  whose  minds 
find  its  doctrinal  teachings  reasonable  and  spiritually  nu- 
tritious. 

That  there  is  work  enough  and  glory  enough,  too,  for 
a church  of  this  character  is  clear  to  any  thoughtful  ob- 
server of  modern  life.  The  two  most  hopeful  things  in  con- 
nection with  the  numerous  utterances  of  the  week  have  been 
the  repeated  emphasis  on  good  citizenship,  and  the  exaltation 
of  religion  as  the  one  force  that  can  redeem  human  life  from 
littleness  and  demoralization  and  save  the  nation  from  de- 
cay. If  the  Roman  Church  in  the  next  one  hundred  years 
here  in  the  Boston  diocese  keeps  these  great  objectives  in 
view  and  through  its  many  and  varied  religious  services,  the 
unsparing  and  faithful  labors  of  its  scores  of  consecrated 
priests,  and  through  its  unparalleled  administrative  ma- 
chinery, strives  to  plant  and  nourish  these  great  loyalties 
among  the  eight  hundred  thousand  persons  whom  it  con- 
siders constitute  its  parish,  the  next  one  hundred  years  will 
prove  even  more  illustrious  than  those  just  completed. — 
Boston  Transcript^  Oct.  30,  1908. 


246  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


A REMARKABLE  DISPLAY. 

The  most  remarkable  demonstration  of  a public  nature 
in  connection  with  the  celebration  of  the  centennial  of  the 
Roman  Catholic  Diocese  of  Boston  was  the  march  of  mem- 
bers of  the  Society  of  the  Holy  Name  over  a route  cover- 
ing a considerable  territory  of  the  residential  part  of  the 
city. 

It  was  not  only  the  great  number  of  paraders,  but  the 
excellence  of  the  movements  of  the  numerous  divisions, 
which  caused  admiration.  The  presence  of  more  than  40,- 
000  marching  men  in  our  streets  offered  a spectacle  which 
we  believe  surpassed  anything  of  the  sort  ever  before 
shown  in  this  city,  and  in  regular  alignment  and  manly 
bearing  it  was  most  pleasing. 

With  the  impressive  religious  services  in  the  Cathedral 
last  evening  the  exercises  of  a celebration  extending  over 
five  days  were  brought  to  a most  successful  close. 

— Boston  Post,  Nov.  21,  1908. 


THE  CATHOLIC  CENTENNIAL. 

All  of  Boston,  Catholic  and  non-Catholic,  can  and  will 
unite  this  week  in  realization  of  the  significance  of  the 
celebration  of  this  centenary  of  the  establishment  of  the 
Catholic  diocese  of  the  city.  Boston’s  first  Catholic  church 
was  on  School  St.,  but  the  first  regular  parish  church  in 
New  England  was  built  on  Franklin  St.,  where  the  old 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  247 


square  was,  in  1803.  It  was  in  1808,  however,  that  the 
little  parish  was  made  an  episcopal  see.  Since  then  the 
church  has  grown  and  spread  so  that  there  are  today  in  the 
state  eight  dioceses,  with  1,070  churches,  and  a Catholic 
population  of  2,087,585,  of  which  Boston  diocese  holds  248 
churches  and  850,000  individuals.  The  historic  features 
of  this  week’s  celebration  are  of  interest  to  every  citizen  of 
Boston,  for  they  are  woven  into  the  history  of  the  city  in 
a thousand  ways.  There  is  a strong  note,  too,  in  the  great 
parade  for  next  Sunday,  under  the  auspices  of  the  Society 
of  the  Holy  Name.  To  promote  reverence  for  the  name  of 
God  and  to  prevent  blasphemy  of  every  kind,  is  an  object 
with  which  there  is  unanimous  sympathy. — Boston  Daily 
Advertiser,  Oct.  27,  1908. 


AN  IMPOSING  SPECTACLE. 

With  the  imposing  parade  of  the  Holy  Name  Societies 
and  the  “Te  Deum”  at  the  Cathedral  yesterday  terminated 
one  of  the  most  remarkable  religious  demonstrations  the 
New  World  has  ever  seen.  Thus  fittingly,  with  a display 
of  the  popular  zeal  that  accounts  for  numerous  flourishing 
institutions,  culminated  the  first  century  of  the  history  of 
the  Catholic  archdiocese  of  Boston. 

The  jubilee  was  well  planned.  It  began  with  the  formal 
reception  of  the  dignitaries  of  church  and  State,  which 
gave  Archbishop  O’Connell  and  his  adjutants  from  among 
the  laity  the  opportunity  to  sketch  the  historical  import- 


248  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


ance  of  the  celebration;  and  then  it  developed  into  the  ex- 
ercises calculated  to  exhibit  the  ardor  and  devotion  of  the 
people  who  compose  the  grand  army  of  the  faithful.  For, 
after  all,  successful  leadership  demands  loyal  and  enthusi- 
astic following.  Such  a following  did  Cheverus  enjoy; 
and  so  it  has  been  with  his  successors.  Every  call  has  had 
its  hearty  response.  It  is  the  same  with  spiritual  as  with 
temporal  rulers;  without  the  fervent  service  of  the  rank  and 
file  the  regime  must  fade  and  fail. 

But  there  has  been  no  fading  or  failure  in  the  history 
of  the  Catholics  of  Boston.  The  diocese  whose  centennial 
has  just  been  celebrated  was  founded,  fortunately,  after 
Puritanism  had  been  considerably  softened  by  the  struggle 
for  political  liberty.  The  Revolution,  with  its  enduring 
lesson  of  equal  rights  and  liberal  ideals,  had  not  long 
passed ; and  so  it  was  natural  that  Cheverus,  himself  an  ar- 
dent lover  of  liberty  and  servant  of  his  fellowmen,  should 
be  encouraged  by  members  of  Puritan  families.  The  seed 
of  religious  tolerance  was  profusely  sown  in  Boston  during 
the  days  when  the  Catholics  were  building  their  first  church ; 
and  with  that  act  the  memories  of  earlier  days  were  erased, 
never,  with  any  distinctness,  to  return.  Since  that  time 
the  spirit  of  the  true  Bostonian  has  been  liberal  and  helpful. 
The  little  blemishes  on  this  record  are  not  at  all  representa- 
tive of  the  feeling  with  which  Cheverus  was  received  or  of 
the  feeling  with  which  his  successors  have  been  regarded. 
Archbishop  Williams,  whose  administration  covered  the 
trying  days  of  the  early  nineties,  knew  this  well.  He  coun- 
seled prudence  and  he  received  sympathy. 


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FACSIMILE  OF  AUTOGRAPH  LETTER  OF  BISHOP  FITZPATRICK 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  249 


The  jubilee  achieved  its  purposes.  It  drew  attention  to 
the  great  accomplishments  of  the  last  hundred  years  and 
to  the  unchanging  faith  and  undiminished  enthusiasm  of 
those  within  the  Catholic  fold.  The  same  spirit  that 
cheered  Cheverus,  that  impressed  Macaulay  when,  in  1840, 
he  wrote  his  famous  essay  on  Von  Ranke,  is  here  in  Boston 
today  supporting  Archbishop  O’Connell.  If  there  were 
any  doubts  on  this  subject,  the  magnificent  procession  that 
marched  through  the  Back  Bay  streets  yesterday  must 
have  removed  them.  So  we  may  safely  prophesy  that  the 
second  century  of  Catholicity  in  Boston  will  be  no  less  fruit- 
ful than  was  the  first. — The  Boston  Journal,  Nov.  2,  1908. 


Greetings  From  Non-Catholics 


Rev.  Dr.  A.  E.  Dunning,  Rev.  Dr.  Charles  Parkliurst, 
Rev.  Dr.  E.  F.  Merriam,  Rev.  Dr.  William  Harman  van 
Allen  and  Rev.  Dr.  M.  M.  Eichler  have  written  the  fol- 
lowing letters  in  connection  with  the  centennial  celebration 
of  the  diocese  of  Boston: 


BY  THE  EDITOR  OF  “THE  CONGREGATIONALIST.” 

The  Congregational  churches,  belonging  to  the  religious  organiza- 
tion first  established  in  Massachusetts,  have  good  reason  to  rejoice 
in  the  centennial  of  the  Roman  Catholic  diocese  of  Boston.  Until 
the  beginning  of  the  last  century  the  people  of  this  state  were  nearly 
all  Protestants  and  of  English  blood.  With  the  immigration  of  in- 
creasing multitudes  from  Ireland  and  continental  Europe,  the  Roman 
Catholic  church  came  hither  to  care  for  the  members  of  its  own  com- 
munion, and  has  continued  to  do  so  up  to  this  time  with  conspicuous 
ability,  faithfulness  and  devotion. 

It  has  exerted  its  great  authority  for  piety,  for  pure  family  life,  for 
law  and  order,  over  large  classes,  who  without  it  would  have  been 
beyond  the  influence  of  any  church. 

The  governor  of  Massachusetts  recently  said:  “No  nation  of  atheists 
has  ever  been  allowed  to  live.  The  danger  which  really  threatens  this 
commonwealth  comes  not  from  this  religion  or  that  religion,  but 
rather  from  irreligion.  The  man  who  acknowledges  no  divine  author- 
ity is  of  necessity  the  first  to  spurn  human  authority.” 

For  this  conservation  and  cultivation  of  the  religious  life  of  those 
who  have  become  so  large  a part  of  the  community,  the  citizens  of 
Boston  and  of  Massachusetts  of  all  religious  names  owe  to  the  Roman 
Catholic  church  a debt  of  Christian  gratitude. 

A.  E.  Dfnnixg. 


BY  AN  EPISCOPAL  RECTOR. 

All  that  shows  the  triumphant  advance  of  the  Kingdom  of  Christ 
upon  earth  is  matter  for  devout  thanksgiving  on  the  part  of  those 
who  profess  and  call  themselves  Christians,  by  whatev’er  further  name 
they  are  distinguished.  And  so  it  is  natural  that  representatives  of 
many  other  religious  bodies  should  offer  friendly  congratulations  to 

260 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  251 


their  fellow  Christians  of  the  Roman  Catholic  church  in  Boston  upon 
the  centennial  of  its  establishment  as  a diocese. 

The  splendid  charities  where  consecrated  men  and  women  serve  God 
and  the  poor  in  voluntary  poverty,  the  schools  animated  throughout  by 
religious  principle,  the  multitude  of  churches  where  daily  the  all- 
sufficient  merit  of  Christ’s  Passion  is  pleaded  at  the  altar,  all  these, 
under  the  shepherding  of  so  winnng  and  gracious  a leader  as  Arch- 
bishop O’Connell,  make  the  Roman  Catholic  communion  in  Boston  a 
vast  power  for  good. 

And  it  is  comforting  to  discern  the  rapid  passing  of  a hard  and 
hateful  bigotry,  which  rested  upon  mutual  misunderstandings,  and  the 
coming  instead  of  a frank  and  hearty  sympathy  among  Christian  folk, 
whereby  they  tend  ever  more  and  more  toward  the  unity  of  the  Spirit 
and  the  bond  of  peace. 

Sympathy  does  not  mean  that  shallow  thoughtless  indifference  which 
is  sometimes  disguised  as  “liberality,”  nor  the  supercilious  condescen- 
sion which  occasionally  masquerades  as  “tolerance.”  But  it  does  mean 
the  grateful  recognition  of  all  good  work  done  for  God,  whether  the 
doers  see  eye  to  eye  with  us  or  not. 

In  that  Spirit,  I bring  felicitations  to  the  Most  Rev.  Dr.  O’Connell 
and  his  spiritual  children,  and  say  “Ad  Multos  Annos,  Pater  Rever- 
endissime.” 

W.  H.  VAif  Allen, 

Rector  of  the  Church  of  the  Advent. 


BY  EDITOR  OF  “ZION’S  HERALD”  (METHODIST). 

The  approaching  celebration  of  the  centennial  of  the  establishment 
of  the  Roman  Catholic  diocese  of  Boston,  which  I learn  was  founded 
by  Bishop  Cheverus,  100  years  ago,  and  includes  the  850,000  members 
of  that  communion  residing  in  Suffolk,  Middlesex,  Essex,  Norfolk 
and  Plymouth  counties  of  this  state,  suggests  the  following  thought 
or  two: — 

The  Roman  Catholic  church  has  stood  unwaveringly  for  the  essen- 
tials of  the  Christian  faith  and  has  resisted  the  encroachment  of  reck- 
less and  destructive  criticism.  Especially  in  the  days  when  atheism 
and  rationalism  menaced,  it  has  been  a bulwark  for  the  faith  “once 
delivered  to  the  saints.”  As  a Protestant,  of  course,  I can  neither 
accept  nor  justify  much  that  is  taught  and  believed  in  that  church, 
but  it  should  never  be  forgotten  that  the  Apostles’  Creed  is  as  funda- 
mental in  Roman  Catholic  belief  as  it  is  in  Protestant. 

The  protection  which  that  church  has  always  exercised  over  the  fam- 
ily relations  is  worthy  of  commendation.  It  has  firmly  opposed  any 
relaxation  of  the  laws  which  guard  the  sanctity  of  our  homes.  It 
stands  for  purity  and  permanence  in  family  life. 

The  Roman  Catholic  church  has  not  lacked  in  genuine  patriotism 
in  the  critical  hours  of  our  national  history.  This  was  exhibited  in 


252  CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON 


the  trying  period  of  the  civil  war.  None  of  our  people  gave  property 
and  life  more  freely  to  save  the  union  than  did  the  members  of  that 
communion. 

Worthy  of  all  praise  is  the  multiplication  and  sustenance  of  its 
hospitals,  orphanages  and  other  institutions  of  mercy  and  beneficence. 

And  a final  word  of  approval  for  the  care  wWch  our  Catholic 
friends  have  exercised  over  the  immigrant  hordes  of  their  own  faith 
which  crowd  our  ports,  and  which  would  prove  a serious  menace  to 
peace  and  safety  but  for  the  discipline  which  they  have  enforced.  In 
this  they  have  succeeded  in  a field  which  the  Protestant  has  found 
exceedingly  difficult. 

Charles  Parkhurst. 


BY  A JEWISH  RABBI. 

I am  happy  to  avail  myself  of  this  opportunity  to  write  a few  lines 
of  greeting  to  my  fellow-citizens  of  the  Catholic  faith  at  the  occasion 
of  the  centenary  celebration  of  the  archdiocese  of  Boston.  Though 
not  expressly  delegated  I am  certain  that  I voice  the  sentiment  of  tiie 
Jewish  people  of  Boston  when  I express  my  sincere  good  wishes  to 
the  Catholics  of  Boston  upon  the  splendid  progress  they  have  made 
during  the  past  century. 

The  synagogue  in  which  I have  the  honor  to  officiate — Temple  Oha- 
bei  Shalom,  Union  Park  Street — and  the  Catholics  of  the  Holy  Cross 
have  been  for  years  peaceful  and  amicable  neighbors,  and  this  coinci- 
dence is  emblematic  of  the  good  will  and  friendly  feeling  that  have 
always  obtained  in  this  city  between  the  two  ancient  faiths,  Catholi- 
cism and  Judaism. 

The  remarkable  increase  of  the  Catholics  in  Boston  and  vicinity 
from  a few  hundred  in  1808  to  850,000  in  1908,  has  in  some  measure 
been  paralleled  by  the  growth  of  the  Jewish  people  in  this  metropoll-^ 
tan  district.  There  were  hardly  any  Jews  here  in  1808.  Today  the 
Jewish  population  of  Greater  Boston  is  estimated  at  75,000.  Catholic 
and  Jewish  growth  are  both  due  to  one  cause;  The  congenial  atmos- 
phere afforded  by  this  land  of  freedom. 

Here  everyone  can  worship  his  God  according  to  the  dictates  of  his 
conscience.  Here  everyone  can  be  loyal  to  his  convictions  without  let 
or  hindrance.  Here  every  denomination  can  develop  its  institutions 
without  interference. 

To  the  credit  of  American  Catholics  be  it  said  that  they  have 
availed  themselves  of  the  great  opportunities  of  America  to  build  up 
a strong  church,  headed  by  a learned  and  pious  clergy,  and  sup- 
ported by  a loyal  and  generous  people.  For  this  upbuilding  of  a 
great  influence  for  the  betterment  of  man,  Catholicism  deserves  and 
receives  the  appreciation  of  all  citizens  irrespective  of  creedal  affilia- 
tion. 

M.  M.  Eichler, 
Rabbi  Temple  Ohabei  Shalom. 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  253 


BY  EDITOR  OF  WATCHMAN  (Baptist.) 

Without  emphasizing  their  points  of  differences,  every  Protestant 
can  welcome  the  co-operation  of  the  Roman  church  in  the  matters  in 
which  there  is  agreement.  Doctrinally  these  are  the  existence,  om- 
nipotence and  benevolence  of  God,  the  deity  of  Jesus  Christ,  and  the 
authority  of  the  Holy  Scriptures.  In  morals  it  is  also  a pleasure  to 
recognize  the  strength  of  the  stand  of  the  Roman  church  for  the 
sanctity  of  marriage  and  the  great  services  many  of  its  clergy  have 
rendered  in  temperance  reform. 


E.  F.  Merriam. 


Our  Centenary. 


By  Rev.  Augustine  D.  Maleey. 

O mother  girt  with  seven  hills, 

Queen,  whose  realm  the  broad  earth  fills. 
Imperial  Rome!  to  thee  we  bow. 

And  raise  the  joyful  Hallel  now! 

Nurse,  who  from  thy  bosom  sent 
Sons  to  this  vast  continent. 

In  whose  veins  the  rich  blood  glows. 
That  from  the  cross  in  triumph  fiows. 
To  thee  we  sing. 

And  give  our  souls, 

A thank-oflPering! 

Mother,  can  we  e’er  forget. 

That  in  thy  sacred  hills  are  kept. 

The  hearts  of  Peter,  Paul  and  John, 
Day-stars  of  the  Christian  dawn! 

That  to  you  the  word  went  forth. 

Teach  all  nations ! south  and  north ! 
Angle,  proud  in  trade  and  strife. 

Do  you  forget  sweet  Austin’s  life.? 

Teuton,  by  the  Rhine’s  broad  sweep. 

Is  Columbanus’  faith  asleep.? 

Dwellers  ’neath  the  rising  sun. 

Hath  not  Francis  fought  and  won.? 

O,  memories  of  the  sons  who  went 
From  Rome  to  pagan  continent! 

254 


CENTENARY  OF  THE  SEE  OF  BOSTON  255 


With  book,  and  bell,  and  Cross  on  high, 
And  sweet  allure,  “For  Christ  to  die!” 
Infant  nations  thou  hast  tended. 
And  hast  seen  their  courses  ended! 

Mother  of  the  star-girt  brow. 

In  ancient  days,  rememberest  how 
The  augurs  breathed  thy  secret  name, 

“V alentia” — strength — enduring  f ame  ? 
We  on  our  hills  call  out  to  thee. 
Youngest  of  thy  children,  we. 

Our  Faith,  a torch  lit  from  thy  shrine! 
Our  Hope,  the  very  stars  entwdne ! 

Our  Love,  a fountain  strong,  divine! 
Then  listen,  these  no  idle  boasts. 

Valiant  mother  of  valiant  hosts! 

From  our  hills,  a message,  this, 

“Vigor,  nunc,  in  Arduis !” 


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Alphabetical  Index 


A 

PAGE 

Acadians 

206 

Adams,  John 

82,  194 

Aldrich,  N.  W. 

210 

Allen,  Rt.  Rev.  E.  P.,  Bishop 

of 

Mobile 

27,  29 

Celebrates  Requiem  Mass 

129 

American  Protective  Association  109 

Ancient  Order  of  Hibernians 

176 

Anderson,  Rev.  J.  G. 

174 

Andros  Papers 

206 

Andrew,  John  A. 

49,  100 

Anti  - Catholic  outbreaks 

in 

Boston 

196 

Anti-Christ 

46 

Antietam 

136 

Argali,  Capt.  S. 

216 

Aubry,  Rev.  N.,  celebrates  first 

mass  in  Maine 

216 

B 


Back  Bay,  crowded  during  parade  137 
Bacon  Rt.  Rev.  D.  W.,  first 
bishop  of  Portland  diocese,  217 

Baird,  Peter  206 

Baltimore,  Md.,  made  Arch- 
bishopric 77 

Baltimore  Council  120 

Bapst,  Rev.  J.,  tarred  and  feath- 
ered, 207 

Barber,  Rev.  V.,  194,  219,  221 

Bardstown,  Ky.,  made  bishopric,  77 
Barry,  Mrs.  W.  P.,  176 

Baxter,  Rev.  J.  T.  27,  129 

Bay  State  Road,  grandstand  140 

Bazaar  of  Nations,  176 

Beaven,  Rt.  Rev.  T.  D.,  28,  216 

Bedini,  Archbishop,  94 

Beecher,  Rev.  L.,  228 

Benedicta,  Me.,  founded  by  Bp. 


Fenwick, 

90,  196 

Berrenberg,  Mrs.  M., 

176 

“ Big  Bishop  Ben  ” (Bishop  Fen- 

wick). 

197 

Blarney  Castle, 

176 

Blenkinsop,  Rev.  W.  A. 

228 

Blunt,  Rev.  H., 

130 

Boland,  Rev.  J.  B.  F., 

228 

Boland,  Rev.  L.  P., 

228 

Boston,  made  bishopric. 

77 

Boston  Diocese,  history. 

189 

PAGE 

Boston  Advertiser,  on  the  per- 
secution of  Catholics  in  Boston  97 
Boston  Athenaeum,  receives  gift 
from  Abp.  Cheverus  84 

Boston  College  opened,  207 

Boston  Commercial  Gazette,  on 
Cheverus,  80 

Boston  Daily  Advertiser,  on  the 
Catholic  Centennial  246 

Boston  Daily  Globe,  on  the 
Catholic  Centennial  229 

Boston  Sunday  Herald,  on  Arch- 
bishop O’Connell,  181 

On  the  Archbishop’s  ser- 
mon 236,  238 

Boston  Journal,  on  the  Catholic 
Centennial  247,  248,  249 

Boston  Monthly  Magazine,  on 
Cheverus  76,  84 

Boston  Pilot,  acquired  by  Arch- 
bishop O’Connell,  225 

On  the  Archbishop’s  ser- 
mon 231,  233 

On  Boston  Catholic  Centen- 
nial, 240,  242 

Boston  Post  on  the  parade  246 

Boston  Transcript,  on  the  pa- 
rade, 243, 245 

Boston  Traveler,  on  the  Arch- 
bishop’s sermon,  239,  240 

Boston  weekly  rehearsal,  206 

Bouthillier,  Marquis,  address,  66 
Bowers,  Rev.  J.,  130 

Bradley,  Rt.  Rev.  D.  M.,  first 
Bishop  of  Manchester  219 

Brady,  Rev.  J.,  made  auxiliary 
Bishop,  198 

Bristol,  R.  J.,  visited  by  Matig- 
non  and  Cheverus,  209 

Broad  Street,  anti-Cathoilic 
riots  196,  197 

Brownson,  Orestes  A.,  converted 
by  Bishop  Fitzpatrick,  100 

Bulfinch,  Charles,  offers  plans 
for  new  church,  76,  194 

Bull  Run,  136 

Burke,  Bishop,  29 

Burlington,  Vt.,  diocese  estab- 
lished 207,  220 


267 


258 


ALPHABETICAL  INDEX 


PAGE 


Burns,  Rev.  J.,  130 

Burns,  M.,  193 

Burying  ground,  first  in  Boston,  227 
Butex,  Rev.  Stanislaus  228 

Butters,  John  W.,  21 

Byrne,  Monsignor  129 

Byrne,  Rev.  P.,  194,  228 

C 

Caesar  40 

Callahan,  O.  193 

Calvert,  Cecil  64 

Campbell,  F.  A.  174 

Campbell,  P.  193 

Carroll,  Rev.  J.  190 

Carroll,  Bishop,  dedicates  new 
Holy  Cross  church  76, 194, 206 
Casali,  G.  B.,  his  mass  127 

Casey,  Rev.  W.  J.  129 

Casson,  Rev.  Dollier  de  221 

Castine,  Me.  216 

Catholic  Charities  Bazaar  174 

Catholic  Church  in  Massachu- 
setts attacked  108 

Catholic  Clergy  refused  admis- 
sion to  public  institutions  97 

Catholic  Oak,  first  mass  cele- 
brated 208 

Catholic  Schools,  bill  against  in- 
troduced in  legislature  111 

First  established  119 

Catholic  Union  106 

Catholic  University  189 

Catholicity,  growth  of  67 

Catholics,  hated  by  the  Puritans  45 
Their  coming  47 

Catholics  of  Boston,  first  elected 
to  Boston  school  board  99 

Cathedral,  Franklin  street,  cost 
of  land  194 

Cathedral  of  the  Holy  Cross, 
decorated  34,  35 

Cemetery,  First  in  Boston  227 

Channing,  W.  E.  49.  80 

Chapelle,  Rev.  H de  la  28,  131 
Charles  X.  81 

Charleston,  S.  C.  87 

Cheverus,  Archbishop  41,49,53,67,69 
Victim  of  French  Revolution,70,74 
Address  on  73 

Ordained  priest  74 

Arrived  in  England  74 

Arrives  in  Boston  75 


PAGE 

Cheverus,  Archbishop — Continued. 


Relieved  of  his  mission  to  the 
Indians  76 

Lives  in  Leverett’s  lane  76 

First  sermon  in  new  Holy 
Cross  church  76 

Bishop  of  Boston  77 

Bishop  of  Montanban  78 

Archbishop  of  Bordeaux  81 

Cardinal  81 

At  dinner  to  President  Adams  82 
His  ministration  at  outbreak 
of  yellow  fever  in  Boston  83 

Gift  to  Boston  Athenaeum  84 

Establishes  first  school 

119,  191,  206,  227 
Children’s  Day  117 

Christian  Brothers  120 

Church,  Maj.  216 

Church  of  England  43,  45 

Civil  War  100 

Claremont,  N.  H.,  first  Catholic 
church  in  New  Hampshire 
erected  194,  219 

Clarke,  Rev.  W.  J.  129 

Clergy  Fund  Society  130 

Clexton,  Rev.  E.  E.  228 

Clifford,  Alice  G.  178 

College  of  Holy  Cross,  Wor- 
cester 207 

Collins,  Mgr.  29 

Collins  Monument  141 

Condon,  Rev.  J.  W‘  130 

Conference  of  St.  James  104 

Congregationalist’s,  The,  edi- 
torial on  the  centennial  250 

Connecticut  included  in  Hart- 
ford diocese  211 

Connell,  Mrs.  J.  176 

Connelley,  Fr.  210 

Conner,  E.  193 

Constantine  56 

Conterno,  Rev.  A.  I.  228 

Converts  219 

Conway,  Katherine  E.,  poem  by  180 
Corcoran,  T.  218 

Crane,  Rev.  J.  J.  27,  28,  130 

Cromwell  46,  63 

Croy,  Prince  de  78 

Cuddihy,  Mrs.  H.  H.  175 

Cummings,  M.  178 

Cummings,  Mrs.  M.  176 


ALPHABETICAL  INDEX  259 


PAGE 


Cunningham,  Rev.  C.  130 

Cunningham,  H.  V.,  address  86 

Cunniff,  Mrs.  M.  M.  176 

Curry,  Rev.  J.  210 

D 

Daly,  \V.  194 

Daly,  Fr.  218 

De  Baury  193 

De  Courcy,  C.  A.,  address  73 

De  Goesbriand,  first  Bishop  of 
Vermont  94 

Delaney,  Rt.  Rev.  J.  B.  second 
bishop  of  Manchester  219 

Dennehy,  Rev.  J.  T.  228 

Denominational  Schools  122 

Derby,  Gen.  E.  H.,  presents  bell 
to  new  church  76 

Derby,  E.  H.  194 

Diocesan  Sisters  of  St.  Joseph  120 
Doherty,  Rev.  A.  130 

Donahue,  P.  228 

Donohue,  Rev.  J.  W.  228 

Donnelly,  C.  F.  Ill 

Donovan,  Rev.  J.  A.  129 

Dorchester,  Mass.,  Catholic 
church  destroyed  207 

Dover,  N.  H.,  St.  Aloysius 
Church,  first  church  consecrat- 
ed in  New  Hampshire  219 

Doran,  Rev.  J.  129 

Dorchester,  Catholic  Church 
blown  up  97,  98 

Dore,  Rev.  A.  130 

Doyle,  Mrs.  W.  E.  175 

Draper,  Lieutenant  Governor 
at  the  Cathedral  - 35 

Driscoll,  J.  193 

Droghedn,  Massacre  of  63 

Druillettes,  Rev.  G.  87,  206,  216 

Drummond,  Rev.  Fr.  228 

Dubourg,  Abbe  83 

Dumesnil  193 

Dunning,  A.  E.  250 

Duport  193 

Durham,  N.  H.,  first  mass  in  219 
Dusseaucoir  193 

Dutch  in  New  York  48 

Dwight,  Prof.  Thomas,  address  102 
E 

East  Cambridge,  pastorate  of 
Bishop  Fitzpatrick  197,  198 
Education,  Christian  117 


PAGE 


Eichler,  Rabbi  M.  M.  252 

Eliot,  C.  W.  Pres.  Ill 

Eliot,  Rev.  J.  216 

Elizabeth,  Queen  45 

Ellsworth,  Me.  207 

England,  Rev.  John  87 

England  and  Rome,  schism  45 

English,  D.  194 

Enright,  Miss  N.  T.  175 


Established  Church,  see  Church 
of  England 

F 

Falconio,  Archbishop,  at  the 
Cathedral  26,  36 

At  Symphony  Hall  meeting  61 
Fall  River,  Mass.,  first  Catholic 
family  settled  223 

Fall  River  Diocese  established 

207,  222 

Farley,  Archbishop,  at  the 
Cathedral  36 

Feehan,  Rev.  D.  F.,  second 
bishop  of  Fall  River  224 

Fenwick,  Bishop,  49,  86 

Establishes  the  Cathedral 
school  89,  119 

Introduces  the  Sisters  of 
Charity  119,  195 

Celebrates  first  public  mass  in 
Providence  210 

Visit  to  Vermont  221 

Death  90 

Finn,  Rev.  C.  G.  129 

First  Catholic  elected  to  Massa- 
chusetts Legislature  207 

Fitton,  A.  194 

Fitton,  Rev.  J.  55,  89,  195 

Celebrates  first  mass  in  Spring- 
field  213,  214 

Fitzgerald,  D.  193 

Fitzgerald,  J.  F.,  in  parade  151 

Fitzgibbon,  Fr.  130 

Fitzmaurice,  Bishop  28 

Fitzpatrick,  Bishop  17,  49,  91,  92 
Departure  for  Paris  93 

His  friendship  with  Bishop 
De  Goesbriand  94 

Receives  Holy  Orders  94 

His  forbearance  during  Know- 
nothing  excitement  96,  98 

Letter  to  Boston  school  board  98 
One  of  the  incorporators  of  the 


26o 


ALPHABETICAL  INDEX 


PAGE 

Fitzpatrick,  Bishop — Continued. 
Thursday  Evening  club  99 

Trip  to  Europe  100 

Introduces  the  Sisters  of 
Notre  Dame  120,  197 

Dedicates  first  church  in 


PAGE 

Hanley,  Mrs.  P.  F,  176 

Harrington,  Rev.  J.  J.  130 

Harrington,  Dr.  T.  F.  174 

Harkins,  Rt.  Rev.  M.  28,  211,  223 
Harkins,  Mgr.,  29 

Hartford,  Conn.,  first  mass  cele- 


Springfield 

214 

brated. 

212 

Death 

109 

Father  Matignon  preacher  in 

Fitzpatrick,  Rev.  W.  H. 

129 

First  Church  of  Christ, 

213 

Fleischner,  Otto 

21 

Hartford  Diocese  established. 

Flynn,  Frank  J. 

21 

212,  213 

Flynn,  Miss  L.  L. 

175 

Hayes,  Rev.  J., 

28,  136B 

Fort  St.  Ann,  Isle  Lamotte  220 

Healy,  Bishop 

217,  228 

Franklin-street  lot  purchased  76 

Hendricken,  Rt.  Rev.  T.  F. 

211 

French,  Rev.  C.  D. 

195 

Hibbard,  G.  A.,  at  the  cathedral  35 

French  Catholics 

47,  48 

Mayor  reviews  parade 

145,  148 

Arrested  in  Boston 

206 

Higginson,  H.  L. 

49 

G 

Hill,  Mrs.  W. 

176 

Gabriels,  Bishop 

29 

Hilton,  Col. 

216 

Gaffney,  Dr.  Mary  E. 

175 

Hodnett,  Mrs.  S. 

176 

Galvin,  J.  M.,  in  parade 

151 

Holy  Cross,  first  church  in  Boston 

Gargan,  T.  J. 

109 

named. 

51 

Gasson,  Rev.  T.  I. 

28,  129,  131 

Holy  Cross  church.  School 

St., 

Georgetown  College 

86 

first  mass  in, 

75 

Gerbi,  Rev.  E.  F. 

228 

Holy  Cross  church,  Franklin  St., 

Gettysburg 

136 

Established ; Dedicated 

76,  77 

Gibbons,  Cardinal 

26,  144,  148 

Holy  Cross  college,  Worcester  90 

Gill,  Fr. 

130 

Refused  charter 

97,  215 

Glover,  Ann,  a Catholic,  hanged 

Holy  Name  parade 

137,  144 

as  a witch 

206 

Roster  of 

153 

Glynn,  Rev.  W.  A. 

130 

Hooker,  Rev.  T. 

213 

Goesbriand,  Rev.  L.  De,  first 

House  of  the  Good  Shepherd  104 

bishop  of  Vermont 

222 

Hughes,  Archbishop 

218 

Gorman,  Capt.  D.  J. 

179 

Huguenot  chapel.  School  St.  75 

Graham,  Rev.  J.  J. 

27 

Hurley,  J. 

194 

Greene,  D.  H.  B.  C. 

207,  210 

Hutchinson,  Gov. 

206 

Guadavangue,  N.  Y. 

221 

Hye,  F. 

210 

Guertin,  Rt.  Rev.  G.  A. 

, Bishop 

1 

of  Manchester 

72 

Ignatius,  St.,  Order  of 

119 

Celebrates  high  mass 

131,  220 

Independent,  The 

123 

Guild,  Curtis,  Jr.,  letter 

33 

In  the  Beginning  (Sermon) 

39 

At  the  Cathedral 

35.  49 

Indian  Missions  in  Maine 

216 

Address  at  Symphony  Hall  62 

Indians 

75,  76 

Gunpowder  plot,  revealed  in 
clear  coloring  by  Protestant 


Irish  Catholics 
Irish  night  at  bazaar 


176 


students 

H 

46 

Irish  Township,  founded  in  Me. 
Isle  Lamotte,  Fort  St.  Ann 

195 

Hale,  Charles 

97 

erected 

220 

Hale,  E.  E., 

111 

J 

Hale,  Nathan, 

97 

Japan 

185 

Hamilton,  Rev. 

G.  A. 

218 

Jesuit,The,  newspaper,  published 

Hancock,  John 

190,  206 

by  Bishop  Fenwick 

89 

ALPHABETICAL  INDEX 


PAGE 

Jesuit,  The — Continued, 

Becomes  Boston  Pilot  225 

Jews,  Letter  from  Rabbi  M.  M. 

Eichler  252 

Jogue,  Fr.  221 

Julien  193 

K 

Kavanagh,  E.  193 

Kavanagh,  J.,  heads  subscrip- 
tion list  for  new  church  on 
Franklin  Street.  193 

Keane,  Archbishop  ■ 28 

Kelley,  Mrs.  P.  175 

Kelly,  Rev.  J.  130 

Kenney,  Mrs.  J.  W.  176 

Kenney,  W.  F.  174 

Kerlidou,  Rev.  J.  221 

King  William  war  219 

Knights  of  Columbus  179 

Know-Nothingism  in  Massa- 
chusetts 96,  198,  207 

Riots  in  Manchester,  N.  H.  218 

L 

Lane,  Rev.  M.  228 

Lariscy,  Fr.,  raises  money  for 
St.  Augustine’s  chapel  227 

Laval,  Mgr.,  first  bishop  of 
Quebec  221 

Lawless,  Rev.  J.  129 

Leahy,  W.  A.  191 

Lee,  Fr.  210 

Leo  XII.  86 

Leonard,  J.  J.,  chief  marshal  of 
parade  147,  153 

Lepouse  193 

Leverett’s  lane,  residence  of 
Cheverus  and  Matignon  76 

Lincoln,  A.  100 

Lockary,  Mrs.  J.  L.  175 

Logue,  C.  174 

Louis  XVIII.  78,  86 

Louis-le-Grand,  college  73 

Louis  Phillippe  81 

Louisiana  48 

Lowell,Catholic  school  in, visited 
by  committee  of  the  legisla- 
ture 97 

Luca,Pio  De,  Director  of  choir  36, 127 
Luddon,  Bishop  28 

Lynch,  Fr.  210 

Lynch,  Mrs.  R.  A.  175 

Lynch,  Rev.  T.  228 


Lyons,  Rev.  G.  A. 

Sermon  on  Christian  edu- 
cation 117 

Lyons,  Rev.  P.  J.  149 

Lyons,  Rev.  W.  J.  130 

M 

McCarthy,  Rev.  J.  J.  27,  28,  129 
McCarthy,  Mrs.  W.  176 

McCloskey,  Archbishop  215 

McCoy,  Rev.  J.  J.  214 

McCoy,  Rev.  T.  R.  27,  129 

McDonald,  Fr.  218 

McDonnell,  Bishop  28 

McFarland,  Rt.  Rev.  P.  F.  211 

McFaul,  Bishop  28 

McGarry,  Rev.  J.  130 

McMurray,  J.  J.  174 

McGrath,  Rev.  J.  130 

McNamara,  Rev.  W.  130 

McNamee,  Fr.  210 

McNulty,  Rev.  J.  J.  228 

McQuaid,  Rev.  W.  P.  27,  129 

McRory,  Rev.  J.  M.  28,  131 

Magdeburg,  massacre  of  63 

Magenis,  J.  P.  151 

Magennis,  Mgr.  Thomas  28 

Magner,  J.  193 

Magner,  R.  228 

Mahony,  Rev.  J.  195 

Maine,  state  of,  first  mass  cele- 
brated 216 

Malley,  Rev.  A.  D.,  Poem  254 

Manchester,  N.  H.,  first  place  of 
worship  218 

Diocese  established  207,  218,  219 
Manchester  riot  97 

Manhattan  41 

Manning,  J.  P.  174 

Marechal  M.  77 

Marist  Brothers  120 

Maryland,  Catholic  settlers  of  44,  48 
Massachusetts  Catholic  Order  of 
Foresters  179 

Massachusetts  Legislature,  bill 
against  Catholic  schools  intro- 
duced 111 

Masse,  Fr.  216 

Matignon,  Rev.  F.  A.  55,  67 

Pastor  of  Holy  Cross  75 

Death  77 

Preaches  in  Protestant  church 
in  Hartford  213,  228 


262 


ALPHABETICAL  INDEX 


PAGE 

^Atttoni,  F.,  his  mass  127 

iVTayenne,  birth  place  of  Ap. 

Cheverus  73 

Mechanics  Hall,  Bazaar  176 

Merriam,  E.  F.  263 

Michaud,  Rev.  J.  S.  222 

Millerick,  Rev.  J.  E.  26 

Montalembert  71 

Montgomery  Guards,  assaulted  197 
Montreal  College  93 

Moran,  Mrs.  J.  J.  176 

Moran,  Rev.  M.  228 

Moriarty,  Rev.  E.  J.  26 

Mount  Benedict,  Convent  49,  89 
Mt.  Desert  Island  216 

Mullen,  Rev.  F.  J.  129 

Murphy.  Mgr.  29 

Murray,  T.  194 

First  sexton  of  St.  Augustine’s 
chapel  228 

Murray,  M.  J.,  president  of 
Symphony  hall  meeting  60 

Address  92 

Music  in  the  Cathedral  127 

N 


Napoleon,  77 

Neal,  Archbishop  of  Baltimore  77 
New  Bedford,  chapel  established  223 
New  Castle,  Me.  77 

New  England  41 

New  Hampshire,  set  off  from 
diocese  of  Massachusetts  100 
Diocese  of  Manchester  es- 
tablished 218 

New  York  48 

Made  bishopric  77 

Newspapers,  editorial  comment 
on  the  centennial  229,  248 

Nolan,  J.  J.  174 

Non-Catholics,  letters  from,  on 
the  centennial  260,  263 

Non-conformists  43, 46 

Norridgewock,  massacre  of  87 

North  American  college,  Rome  183 
Northrop,  Bishop  29,  129,  136A 
Notre  Dame  school,  Roxbury, 
visited  By  committee  of  the 
legislature  97 

Noyers,  Anne  Lemerchand,  des  73 

O 


Oates,  Titus  46 

O’Brien,  Rev.  N.  J.  228 


PAGE 

O’Brien,  W.  J.  179 

O’Callaghan,  Rev.  J.,  first  resi- 
dent priest  in  Vermont  221 

O’Callaghan,  Mgr.  29 

O’Connell,  J.  F.,  in  parade  161 

O’Connell,  Rev.  Jas.  P.  E.  27 

O’Connell,  Archbishop,  Leading 
events  in  his  life  6 

Letter  to  clergy  23 

Host  at  dinner  37 

His  Centenary  sermon  39,  67 
At  Symphony  Hall  68 

Eulogized  by  Gov.  Guild  63 

Re  views  Holy  Name  parade  144, 148 
Automobile,  Gift  of  136A 

Appreciation  of  181 

Consecrated  as  Bishop  of  Port 
land 

Mission  to  Japan 
Bishop  of  Portland 
Acquires  the  Boston  Pilot 
Editorial  comment  on  his  ser 
mon 

O’Connor,  Bishop 
O’Connor,  Rev.  G. 

O’Connor,  Rev.  J.  J. 

Odell,  Mrs.  J.  E. 

O’Donnell,  Rev.  B. 

O’Donnell,  Rev.  Philip  J. 
O’Donovan,  Rev.  D.  J. 

O’Farrell,  Rev.  D.  J. 

O’Flaherty,  Rev.  T.  J. 

O’Mahony,  Mrs.  C.  O’Keefe 
O’Neil,  Mrs.  C. 

O’Neil,  Rev.  L. 

O’Reilley,  Rt.  Rev.  B. 


207 
186 
217 
226 

231 
29 
130 

129 
176 
228 
178 
228 

27 
228 
176 
176 

130 

211,  228 

O’Reilly,  Rev.  J.  T.  28,  131 

O’Reilly,  Rt.  Rev.  P.  T.,  first 

bishop  of  Springfield  216 

O’Rourke,  Rev.  J.  H.  28 

Sermon  to  the  Religious  orders  131 
Our  Centenary,  Poem  by  Rev. 

A.  D.  Malley  264 

Our  Lady  of  the  Elms,  Chicopee  216 
Oyster  River  (now  Durham)  219 
P 

Papal  delegate,  see  : Falconio, 
Archbishop 

Papists,  ' 46,  46 

Parkhurst,  Rev.  Charles  260,  252 

Parishes  in  archdiocese  of  Boston, 
chronology  of  200,  205 


ALPHABETICAL  INDEX 


PAGE 


Parochial  Schools  189 

Passamaquaddy  Indians  75 

Pastors  in  Archdiocese  of  Boston, 


first 

200,  205 

Paterson,  Very  Rev.  G.  J. 

27,  129 

Patterson,  Mrs.  M.  J. 

176 

Penobscot,  Indians 

75 

Phelan,  Rev.  J. 

130 

Pilgrim 

41 

Pilot,  The 

89 

Pius  VII. 

77 

Pius  IX. 

106 

Pius  X.,  message  of 

30,  127 

Pleasant  Point,  Me. 

77 

Poterie,  Rev.  Claude  de  la. 

his 

mission  in  Boston  75,  190,  206 
Portland  diocese  established  207,216 
Prendergast,  D,  L.  i74 

Priests’  choir  129 

Program  of  the  ceremonies  26 

Propaganda  117 

Protestants,  letters  from,  on  the 
centennial  250, 253 

Protestants  of  Boston,  subscribe 
for  church  76,  82 

Letter  from  almoner  of  France 


on  Cheverus  78 

Providence,  R.  I.,  first  cathedral  209 


First  public  mass 

120 

Old  town  house 

used  for 

masses 

210 

Diocese  established 

207 

Provost,  Mgr. 

29 

Pugh,  Mrs.  J. 

175 

Purcell,  Rev.  J.  B. 

228 

Puritans,  passed  into  history 

41,  42,  44,  45,  46,  47,  50,  65 

Q 

Quarterly  Review 

100 

Quigley,  Archbishop 

28,  36 

Quinn,  Rev.  P. 

130 

R 

Rasle,  Fr. 

87,  216,  219 

Redican,  Rev.  J.  J. 

28,  136B 

Religious  Orders 

131 

Republic,  The  (newspaper),  on 
the  Archbishop’s  sermon  233,  235 
Requiem  Mass,  129 

Reviewing  stand,  at  archiepisco- 
pal  residence  144,  148 

Chief  Marshal’s  148 


Revolution,  War  of 
Rhode  Island,  diocese  estab- 
lished 208 

Riordan,  Rev.  G.  T.,  first  pastor 
in  Springfield  214 

Roberts,  S.  193 

Robin  Abbe,  celebrates  first 
mass  in  Hartford  212 

Rochambeau,  Count  de  212 

Rogers  (State  president  A.  O.  H.)  178 
Rome,  believed  to  be  Babylon 
by  Puritans  46 

Roosevelt,  T.,  letter  32 

Rousselet,  Rev.  L.,  pastor  of 
Holy  Cross  75,  190,  206 

Ryan,  D.,  pupil  of  Cheverus, 
ordained  149 

S 

St.  Alphons  us’  Association,  grand 
stand  140 

St.  Augustine’s  Chapel,  oldest 
Catholic  edifice  in  Boston  207,  227 
St  Augustine’s  Improvement 
Association  227 

St.  Charles’  College,  Md.  182 

St.  John  Lateran,  Rome  183 

St.  John  River  41 

St.  John  Seminary, Brighton  190,  198 
St.  Joseph’s  Academy,  Pittsfield  215 
St.  Sulpice,  seminary  * 93 

Sanctis,  Father  De  127 

Sanctuary  Choir  127 

Sargent,  Lawrence,  paints  altar 
piece  for  new  church  76 

Scanlan,  Rev.  M.  J.,  director  of 
Sanctuary  choir  127 

School  Sisters  of  Notre  Dame  120 

School-street  Chapel  75,  76 

Schools,  Denominational  122 

Seven  Years’  War  217 

Sisters  of  Charity,  come  to  Mass- 
achusetts 90,  119 

Open  home  for  orphans  196 

Sisters  of  Mercy  120 

Sisters  of  Notre  Dame,  ceme 
into  the  diocese  120 

Sisters  of  St.  Dominic  120 

Sisters  of  St.  Francis  120 

Sisters  of  St.  Joseph  215 

Society  of  Jesus,  called  to  Holy 
Cross  college  216 


264 


ALPHABETICAL  INDEX 


PAGE 

ijociety  of  St.  Vincent  de 
Paul  102,  104 

Spanish  Amanda  46 

Splaine,  Rev.  M.  J.,  master  of 
ceremonies  27,  35,  36,  136B 

Splaine,  Rev.  R.  H.  130 

Springfield,  Mass.,  first  mass  213 
First  church  dedicated  214 


Diocese  established 

207 

Stang,  Rev.  W.,  first  bishop  of 

Fall  River 

212 

Stoughton,  Don  Juan 

194 

Strong,  Dr. 

213 

Stuarts,  The 

45 

Sunday  Schools 

124 

Supple,  Rev.  J.  A. 

130 

Symphony  Hall  Meeting 

68 

Synnott,  Mgr. 

29 

Taylor,  Chas.  H. 

21 

Taylor,  Rev.  W. 

194 

Teeling,  Rt.  Rev.  A.  J.  28, 129, 136B 

Te  Deum,  Cathedral 

136A 

Temperance  Among  Paraders  137 

Thayer,  Rev.  S.  pastor  of  Holy 

Cross 

75 

Bequeathes  $10,000  to  his 

suc- 

cessor 

191,  206 

Thursday  Evening  Club 

99 

Thury,  Fr. 

219 

Tierney,  Bishop 

212 

Tilly 

63 

Toomey,  Rev.  D.  J. 

27,  136A 

Towle,  Mrs.  H.  E. 

175 

Tucker,  Rev.  H. 

228 

Tudor,  Mary 

46 

Tyler,  W.,  Bishop  of  Hart- 

ford 

195,  211 

U 

Ubaldus,  Fr. 

28,  131 

Ulrich,  Rev.  W. 

130 

Ursuline  Academy,  transferred 

to  Charlestown 

196 

Burned 

196 

Ursuline  Convent  49,  89,90,109, 196 

Ursuline  Nuns,  teach  in 

first 

Catholic  school 

119,  207 

PAGE 

V 

Vahey,  J.  H.,  in  parade  162 

Van  Allen,  Rev.  W.  H.,  letter  on 
the  centennial  261 

Vatican  63 

Vendome,  Hotel  141 

Vermont,  set  off  from  diocese  of 
Massachusetts  100 

Vermont,  Diocese  of  Burlington  220 
Vinton,  F.  P.  107 

W 

Walker,  Gen.  F.  A.  Ill 

Wall,  Rev.  J.  228 

Wall,  T J.  207 

Walsh,  Rev.  J.  A.  28,  136B 

Walsh,  Rt.  Rev.  L.  S.  28,  217 

Walsh,  Rev.  W.  228 

Ward,  J.  193 

Warren,  Dr.  J.  C.  99 

Washington,  George  20 

W atchman,  editorial  on  the  cen- 
tennial 253 

Webster,  Sidney  98 

Westbrook,  Col.  216 

Westerly  (Rhode  Island)  212 

Whelan,  J.  T.,  organist  36,  127 

Wiley,  W.  196 

Williams,  Archbishop  41,  49,  102 
Establishes  the  House  of  the 
Good  Shepherd  104 

His  golden  jubilee  107 

Death  112,  199 

Williams,  Roger  64,208 

Woodley,  Rev.  R.  D.  196 

First  pastor  of  Rhode  Island 
and  Connecticut  209 

Worcester,  Mass.,  first  church 

in  Springfield  built  214 

Working  Boys  Home  186B 

X 

Xaverian  Brothers  120 

Z 

Zion’s  Herald,  editorial  on  the 
centennial  251 


( 


I 


Date  Due 

^ ■l  3^( 

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DEC  >9 

993 

FFP 

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APR  : 

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BOSTON  COLLEGE 


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